Diana Baumrind conducted research on parenting styles and identified three main styles: authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive. Her research looked at two dimensions - responsiveness vs. unresponsiveness and demanding vs. undemanding. Maccoby and Martin later expanded on this work by adding a fourth parenting style called neglectful. They defined the four styles based on being demanding/undemanding and responsive/unresponsive. The document then provides details on each of the four parenting styles.
This document discusses four common parenting styles: uninvolved, permissive, authoritarian, and authoritative. It describes each style based on two dimensions - the level of acceptance (warmth and responsiveness) and level of control (expectations and demands placed on children). The uninvolved parent is low on both, the permissive parent is high on acceptance but low on control, the authoritarian parent is low on acceptance but high on control, and the authoritative parent scores high on both acceptance and control. The effects of each parenting style and variations along the acceptance/control dimensions are also briefly touched on.
This document discusses learning styles, which are individual preferences for acquiring and learning information. It identifies three major categories of learning styles: cognitive, sensory, and personality.
Cognitive styles consider mental processes and include field independence/dependence, global/analytic, and reflective/impulsive styles. Sensory styles focus on physical channels and include auditory, visual, kinesthetic, and multi-sensory styles. Personality styles examine traits like extraversion/introversion and tolerance for ambiguity.
Understanding learning styles can help teachers design lessons catered to different preferences and allow students to identify their own strengths. Accommodating various styles can improve the learning process.
This document discusses different parenting styles and their effects on children. It identifies four main parenting styles: authoritarian, where the parent is the boss which can lead to children being angry or resentful; permissive, where the child is the boss which can make children impulsive; uninvolved, which neglects children and can cause issues like low self-esteem; and authoritative, where parents and children share control, resulting in children being independent and self-confident. The document examines the positive and negative impacts of parenting styles on children's social, academic, and behavioral development.
Piaget's stages of cognitive development include the sensorimotor stage from birth to age 2 where infants learn about the world through senses and motor skills. During this stage infants develop object permanence. Piaget's stages have been confirmed but also criticized for underestimating infant competence and not accounting for social influences. Infant intelligence shows individual differences and instability in the first year but can predict later development. Language develops through stages from prelinguistic sounds to telegraphic speech to combining words. Theories propose both innate and learned aspects of language guided by an inborn language acquisition device interacting with the environment during a sensitive period in early childhood.
Major theorists in behaviorism include John B. Watson, Ivan Pavlov, Edward Thorndike, B.F. Skinner, and Clark Hull. Behaviorism is based on the idea that all behaviors are acquired through conditioning, and can be studied systematically through interaction with the environment without consideration of internal mental states. The two major types of conditioning are classical conditioning, involving learned associations between stimuli, and operant conditioning, where behaviors are associated with consequences like rewards and punishments.
Curricular strategies in enhancing language in varying philosophies [Autosave...Ambuj Kushawaha
This document discusses different philosophies and methods for teaching language to deaf children. It covers three main philosophies: bilingual, total communication, and oral. It also describes structural, natural, and combined methods. The structural method emphasizes direct instruction of grammar rules through drills. The natural method believes language is acquired through exposure rather than teaching. The combined method uses elements of both, such as creating situations for children to discover rules on their own with teacher guidance. The document provides examples of specific programs that take different approaches to language development for deaf children.
Erik Erikson's theory of Psychosocial DevelopmentDrGMSunagar1
1. Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development outlines 8 stages of human development from infancy to late adulthood. Each stage is characterized by a psychosocial crisis between two opposing tendencies (e.g. trust vs mistrust in infancy).
2. Successful resolution of each crisis leads to a healthy personality trait. The 8 stages are: trust vs mistrust (infancy), autonomy vs shame (early childhood), initiative vs guilt (preschool), industry vs inferiority (school age), identity vs role confusion (adolescence), intimacy vs isolation (young adulthood), generativity vs stagnation (adulthood), and ego integrity vs despair (late adulthood).
3. Erik
This document discusses four common parenting styles: uninvolved, permissive, authoritarian, and authoritative. It describes each style based on two dimensions - the level of acceptance (warmth and responsiveness) and level of control (expectations and demands placed on children). The uninvolved parent is low on both, the permissive parent is high on acceptance but low on control, the authoritarian parent is low on acceptance but high on control, and the authoritative parent scores high on both acceptance and control. The effects of each parenting style and variations along the acceptance/control dimensions are also briefly touched on.
This document discusses learning styles, which are individual preferences for acquiring and learning information. It identifies three major categories of learning styles: cognitive, sensory, and personality.
Cognitive styles consider mental processes and include field independence/dependence, global/analytic, and reflective/impulsive styles. Sensory styles focus on physical channels and include auditory, visual, kinesthetic, and multi-sensory styles. Personality styles examine traits like extraversion/introversion and tolerance for ambiguity.
Understanding learning styles can help teachers design lessons catered to different preferences and allow students to identify their own strengths. Accommodating various styles can improve the learning process.
This document discusses different parenting styles and their effects on children. It identifies four main parenting styles: authoritarian, where the parent is the boss which can lead to children being angry or resentful; permissive, where the child is the boss which can make children impulsive; uninvolved, which neglects children and can cause issues like low self-esteem; and authoritative, where parents and children share control, resulting in children being independent and self-confident. The document examines the positive and negative impacts of parenting styles on children's social, academic, and behavioral development.
Piaget's stages of cognitive development include the sensorimotor stage from birth to age 2 where infants learn about the world through senses and motor skills. During this stage infants develop object permanence. Piaget's stages have been confirmed but also criticized for underestimating infant competence and not accounting for social influences. Infant intelligence shows individual differences and instability in the first year but can predict later development. Language develops through stages from prelinguistic sounds to telegraphic speech to combining words. Theories propose both innate and learned aspects of language guided by an inborn language acquisition device interacting with the environment during a sensitive period in early childhood.
Major theorists in behaviorism include John B. Watson, Ivan Pavlov, Edward Thorndike, B.F. Skinner, and Clark Hull. Behaviorism is based on the idea that all behaviors are acquired through conditioning, and can be studied systematically through interaction with the environment without consideration of internal mental states. The two major types of conditioning are classical conditioning, involving learned associations between stimuli, and operant conditioning, where behaviors are associated with consequences like rewards and punishments.
Curricular strategies in enhancing language in varying philosophies [Autosave...Ambuj Kushawaha
This document discusses different philosophies and methods for teaching language to deaf children. It covers three main philosophies: bilingual, total communication, and oral. It also describes structural, natural, and combined methods. The structural method emphasizes direct instruction of grammar rules through drills. The natural method believes language is acquired through exposure rather than teaching. The combined method uses elements of both, such as creating situations for children to discover rules on their own with teacher guidance. The document provides examples of specific programs that take different approaches to language development for deaf children.
Erik Erikson's theory of Psychosocial DevelopmentDrGMSunagar1
1. Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development outlines 8 stages of human development from infancy to late adulthood. Each stage is characterized by a psychosocial crisis between two opposing tendencies (e.g. trust vs mistrust in infancy).
2. Successful resolution of each crisis leads to a healthy personality trait. The 8 stages are: trust vs mistrust (infancy), autonomy vs shame (early childhood), initiative vs guilt (preschool), industry vs inferiority (school age), identity vs role confusion (adolescence), intimacy vs isolation (young adulthood), generativity vs stagnation (adulthood), and ego integrity vs despair (late adulthood).
3. Erik
The document discusses different parenting styles and their effects on children. It describes authoritarian, authoritative, and permissive parenting styles. Authoritarian parenting involves strict rules without discussion, while authoritative parenting uses discussion and negotiation. Permissive parenting allows children freedom with few rules. Authoritative parenting is associated with well-adjusted children, while authoritarian parenting relates to anxious children and permissive parenting relates to rebellious children. The document also defines child abuse and discusses causes and ways to prevent it.
This document discusses four main parenting styles: permissive, uninvolved, authoritarian, and authoritative. It outlines the characteristics of each style and examines their typical psychological and biological effects on children. Authoritarian parenting is low in nurturance but high in control, and can lead to issues like low self-esteem and stress in children. Authoritative parenting, which is high in all areas, tends to produce children with confidence and self-control. An uninvolved style causes neglect, while permissive parenting lacks discipline. Overall, the authoritative approach generally has the most positive outcomes.
The document discusses four main parenting styles: authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, and uninvolved. The authoritarian style involves strict obedience and punishment, while authoritative parenting is warm but also sets clear rules and boundaries. Permissive parenting has few demands and rules, and uninvolved parenting means parents are neglectful and emotionally distant. Research shows authoritative parenting is linked to well-adjusted children, while other styles can be associated with issues like lower self-esteem, risky behaviors, and poor social skills. Cultural differences in these effects are also noted.
The document discusses parenting styles in psychology based on a 1960s study. It identifies four main parenting styles - authoritative, authoritarian, permissive/indulgent, and neglectful/uninvolved - based on levels of demandingness and responsiveness. Authoritative parenting, with high expectations and open communication, tends to produce children with high self-esteem and independence. Authoritarian parenting has high expectations but little communication, and can lead to lower self-esteem. Permissive parenting has low expectations and avoids confrontation, resulting in impulsive children. Neglectful parenting has little interaction and leads to social and behavioral issues.
The document describes Parten's stages of social play in children, including unoccupied play, onlooker play, solitary play, parallel play, associative play, and cooperative play. It defines each stage and provides examples. The stages progress from no interaction with others to coordinated group play with shared goals. The document encourages observing examples of these stages in children and identifying them in a provided video. It suggests further reading on the topic.
The document discusses three parenting styles: authoritarian, permissive, and democratic. The authoritarian style involves parents controlling problem-solving and using fear to get children to obey. The permissive style allows children freedom without consequences for their actions. The democratic style combines firmness and respect by giving children choices and allowing them to learn from their decisions.
The document discusses the influence of different parenting practices and styles on adolescent academic success and well-being. It examines research on how parenting behaviors like involvement, monitoring, and communication of values relate to school achievement and mental health. The document also analyzes a specific study that found traditional gender roles in families can intensify gendered behaviors in adolescents over time.
The telephone has evolved dramatically since Alexander Graham Bell patented the first electric telephone in 1876. Early phones required manual operation by switchboard operators to connect calls. As demand grew, automatic exchanges run by computers replaced human operators by the 1920s. Phones transitioned from wall-mounted landlines to portable cordless phones to today's smartphones that provide extensive computing capabilities beyond just voice calls. The iPhone transformed the industry with its touchscreen interface and integration of apps, internet, email and more.
This academic paper discusses parenting styles and reports on a study of one mother's parenting style. It identifies four primary parenting styles - authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, and uninvolved - based on levels of parental control and warmth. A survey found that the mother exhibited an authoritative parenting style, which encourages independence while maintaining limits. Research shows children of authoritative parents tend to be socially competent and autonomous. The conclusion recommends authoritative parenting for a child's well-being and that parents balance time with children and work.
This document discusses four main parenting styles - permissive, authoritative, neglectful, and authoritarian - as identified by developmental psychologist Diana Baumrind and expanded on by researchers Eleanor Maccoby and Jacob Martin. It provides statistics on the prevalence of each parenting style in the US and examines the effects of each style. The authoritative parenting style, which is high in both demandingness and responsiveness, tends to have the most positive outcomes for children's development, while neglectful parenting tends to result in the most negative outcomes. The document also explores additional parenting styles like attachment parenting, helicopter parenting, tiger parenting, and free-range parenting.
The document discusses different parenting styles and their effects on children. It identifies four main parenting styles: authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, and neglectful/uninvolved. Authoritarian parenting involves high demands and low warmth, while authoritative parenting involves high warmth, demands and communication. Research shows authoritative parenting leads to the most well-adjusted children. Permissive parenting involves low demands and high warmth, but this can enable misbehavior in children. Neglectful parenting involves low warmth and low demands.
This document provides information about an order for a 2-page creative writing assignment on art for a high school student. The assignment requires the student to write a reading response and discussion questions based on 5 required readings that are listed. The order details that the paper should be 550 words, double-spaced in MLA format. Two files related to the readings are also provided.
This document compares and contrasts the authoritative and authoritarian parenting styles. Authoritative parenting involves setting clear rules and boundaries for children while also being warm, responsive, and allowing open communication. Authoritarian parenting is very strict and controlling, focusing on demanding obedience without explanation. Research shows children raised with authoritative parenting tend to have higher self-esteem, better social and academic outcomes compared to those raised by authoritarian parents. The document concludes that authoritative parenting strikes the best balance between discipline and nurturing autonomy in children.
Essay WorkshopSOC379 Sociology of CrimeEssay TopicsTanaMaeskm
Essay Workshop
SOC379 Sociology of Crime
Essay Topics
Main Theme
Responses to Crime
Sub Themes
Governmentality, risk, criminalization, radicalization, stigma, politics, law and the state
Topics
State regulation, law, policing, penality, terrorism, reintegration, victimization, courts, public criminology
Presentation of Possible Topics
Essay Parameters
Critical, analytical essay about responses to crime
Topic of your choice related to the course, or your own idea
Intersection between course themes and critical analysis
Role of state agents, law’s subjects, context in which law and the state operate, implications
Understood through policing, regulation, law, terrorism, courts, victimization, public
Essay Format
5-6 pages double-spaced
Minimum 5 outside sources
Can use course materials
ASA format
Ticket Out the Door
Essay Workshop Submission on Blackboard
Submit at the end of class
Late submissions NOT accepted!
Draft topic
Focus or question
Two sources
Essay Outline
Worth 2% of your final grade
Consists of:
A more detailed description of your essay, including your argument and how you plan to address it
One additional outside source related to your topic
Submit to Essay Workshop Submission, in the Essay Outline link
Due Sunday June 4 by midnight
190556159_Strauss10Myths_7333991719895040.pdf
Vicki Benn
Straus, Murray A. (1994) "Beating the Devil Out of Them: Corporal Punishment in American Families" (pp. 149-167). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass/Lexington.
190556159_Parenting_Styles_4333471086411777.pdf
ED427896 1999-03-00 Parenting Style
and Its Correlates. ERIC Digest.
ERIC Development Team
www.eric.ed.gov
Table of Contents
If you're viewing this document online, you can click any of the topics below to link directly to that section.
Parenting Style and Its Correlates. ERIC Digest............................. 1
PARENTING STYLE DEFINED.............................................. 2
FOUR PARENTING STYLES................................................. 2
CONSEQUENCES FOR CHILDREN........................................ 3
INFLUENCE OF SEX, ETHNICITY, OR FAMILY TYPE................. 4
CONCLUSION.................................................................. 5
FOR MORE INFORMATION.................................................. 5
ERIC Identifier: ED427896
Publication Date: 1999-03-00
Author: Darling, Nancy
Source: ERIC Clearinghouse on Elementary and Early Childhood Education
Champaign IL.
Parenting Style and Its Correlates. ERIC Digest.
THIS DIGEST WAS CREATED BY ERIC, THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES
INFORMATION CENTER. FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT ERIC, CONTACT
ACCESS ERIC 1-800-LET-ERIC
Developmental psychologists have been interested in how parents influence the
development of children's social and instrumental competence since at least the 1920s.
One of the most robust approaches to this area is the ...
The document summarizes the results of a survey about parenting styles. Most students reported that their parents have an indulgent parenting style, being responsive but not highly demanding. The document also outlines the four main parenting styles: indulgent, authoritarian, authoritative, and uninvolved. Indulgent parents are lenient and avoid confrontation, while authoritarian parents are highly demanding but not responsive. Authoritative parents are both demanding and responsive, while uninvolved parents are low in both response and demand.
There are three main parenting styles described in the document: authoritarian, permissive, and authoritative. The authoritarian style involves high demands but low responsiveness from parents. Children raised this way may have low self-esteem and be angry or resentful. The permissive style provides few rules and guidelines, resulting in children with poor self-discipline and social skills. The authoritative style maintains firm expectations while also showing love, understanding, and respect. Children raised this way tend to be social, develop good relationships, do well academically, and are less likely to engage in risky behaviors.
PARENT'S INVOLVEMENT IN CHILD EDUCATION.pptxDzLariza2
The document discusses four main parenting styles: authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, and uninvolved. Authoritarian parenting involves strict rules and punishment for misbehavior, which can lead to children with low self-esteem and rebellion. Authoritative parenting includes clear expectations but also open communication and explanation of rules, resulting in confident and independent children. Permissive parenting has few rules and high freedom for children, but this can cause issues with self-regulation. Uninvolved parenting provides basic needs but little communication or expectations, leaving children self-sufficient but struggling with emotions.
Textbook, pages 253-256 (LO 6.16 Parenting Styles)Parenting.docxtodd191
Textbook, pages 253-256 (LO 6.16: Parenting Styles):
Parenting
Parents are a key part of children’s lives everywhere, but how parents view their role and their approaches to discipline and punishment vary widely. First, we look at an influential model of parenting “styles” based on American parenting, then we look at views of parenting based in other cultures.
Parenting “Styles”
LO 6.16 Specify the four types of parenting “styles” and identify the cultural limitations of this model.
Have you heard the joke about the man who, before he had any children, had five theories about how they should be raised? Ten years later he had five children and no theories.
Well, jokes aside, most parents do have ideas about how best to raise children, even after they have had children for awhile (Harkness et al., 2015; Tamis-LeMonda et al., 2008). In research, the investigation of this topic has often involved the study of
parenting styles
; that is, the practices that parents exhibit in relation to their children and their beliefs about those practices. This research originated in the United States and has involved mainly American children and their parents, although it has now been applied in some other countries as well.
Four Parenting Styles
For over 50 years, American scholars have engaged in research on parenting styles, and the results have been quite consistent (Bornstein & Bradley, 2014; Collins & Laursen, 2004; Maccoby & Martin, 1983). Virtually all prominent scholarship on parenting has described it in terms of two dimensions: demandingness and responsiveness (also known by other terms such as
control
and
warmth
). Parental
demandingness
is the degree to which parents set down rules and expectations for behavior and require their children to comply with them. Parental
responsiveness
is the degree to which parents are sensitive to their children’s needs and express love, warmth, and concern.
Various scholars have combined these two dimensions to describe different kinds of parenting styles. For many years, the best known and most widely used conception of parenting styles was the one articulated by Diana Baumrind (1968, 1971, 1991). Her research on middle-class White American families, along with the research of other scholars inspired by her ideas, has identified four distinct parenting styles (Collins & Laursen, 2004; Maccoby & Martin, 1983; Pinquart, 2017; Steinberg, 2000).
Authoritative parents
are high in demandingness and high in responsiveness. They set clear rules and expectations for their children. Furthermore, they make clear what the consequences will be if their children do not comply, and they make those consequences stick if necessary. However, authoritative parents do not simply “lay down the law” and then enforce it rigidly. A distinctive feature of authoritative parents is that they
explain
the reasons for their rules and expectations to their children, and they willingly engage in discussion with their children.
The document discusses different parenting styles and their outcomes on children's development. It identifies three main parenting styles: authoritarian, where parents have absolute control and children are expected to obey without question; permissive, where parents make few demands and allow children freedom without limits; and democratic, which involves setting clear limits but also fostering independence and encouraging open communication. The outcomes associated with each style are also outlined, such as children from authoritarian homes often being unhappy and rebellious, while those from democratic homes tend to be happy, high-achieving and cooperative.
The document discusses parenting styles and their effects on children. It identifies four main parenting styles - authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, and uninvolved - based on levels of control and warmth shown by parents. Most research finds authoritative parenting, which combines warmth and appropriate control, leads to the best child outcomes. However, other factors like culture and child temperament can also influence which style is most effective. The document also reviews several studies that have examined relationships between parenting styles, child development, and other family dynamics.
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The document discusses different parenting styles and their effects on children. It describes authoritarian, authoritative, and permissive parenting styles. Authoritarian parenting involves strict rules without discussion, while authoritative parenting uses discussion and negotiation. Permissive parenting allows children freedom with few rules. Authoritative parenting is associated with well-adjusted children, while authoritarian parenting relates to anxious children and permissive parenting relates to rebellious children. The document also defines child abuse and discusses causes and ways to prevent it.
This document discusses four main parenting styles: permissive, uninvolved, authoritarian, and authoritative. It outlines the characteristics of each style and examines their typical psychological and biological effects on children. Authoritarian parenting is low in nurturance but high in control, and can lead to issues like low self-esteem and stress in children. Authoritative parenting, which is high in all areas, tends to produce children with confidence and self-control. An uninvolved style causes neglect, while permissive parenting lacks discipline. Overall, the authoritative approach generally has the most positive outcomes.
The document discusses four main parenting styles: authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, and uninvolved. The authoritarian style involves strict obedience and punishment, while authoritative parenting is warm but also sets clear rules and boundaries. Permissive parenting has few demands and rules, and uninvolved parenting means parents are neglectful and emotionally distant. Research shows authoritative parenting is linked to well-adjusted children, while other styles can be associated with issues like lower self-esteem, risky behaviors, and poor social skills. Cultural differences in these effects are also noted.
The document discusses parenting styles in psychology based on a 1960s study. It identifies four main parenting styles - authoritative, authoritarian, permissive/indulgent, and neglectful/uninvolved - based on levels of demandingness and responsiveness. Authoritative parenting, with high expectations and open communication, tends to produce children with high self-esteem and independence. Authoritarian parenting has high expectations but little communication, and can lead to lower self-esteem. Permissive parenting has low expectations and avoids confrontation, resulting in impulsive children. Neglectful parenting has little interaction and leads to social and behavioral issues.
The document describes Parten's stages of social play in children, including unoccupied play, onlooker play, solitary play, parallel play, associative play, and cooperative play. It defines each stage and provides examples. The stages progress from no interaction with others to coordinated group play with shared goals. The document encourages observing examples of these stages in children and identifying them in a provided video. It suggests further reading on the topic.
The document discusses three parenting styles: authoritarian, permissive, and democratic. The authoritarian style involves parents controlling problem-solving and using fear to get children to obey. The permissive style allows children freedom without consequences for their actions. The democratic style combines firmness and respect by giving children choices and allowing them to learn from their decisions.
The document discusses the influence of different parenting practices and styles on adolescent academic success and well-being. It examines research on how parenting behaviors like involvement, monitoring, and communication of values relate to school achievement and mental health. The document also analyzes a specific study that found traditional gender roles in families can intensify gendered behaviors in adolescents over time.
The telephone has evolved dramatically since Alexander Graham Bell patented the first electric telephone in 1876. Early phones required manual operation by switchboard operators to connect calls. As demand grew, automatic exchanges run by computers replaced human operators by the 1920s. Phones transitioned from wall-mounted landlines to portable cordless phones to today's smartphones that provide extensive computing capabilities beyond just voice calls. The iPhone transformed the industry with its touchscreen interface and integration of apps, internet, email and more.
This academic paper discusses parenting styles and reports on a study of one mother's parenting style. It identifies four primary parenting styles - authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, and uninvolved - based on levels of parental control and warmth. A survey found that the mother exhibited an authoritative parenting style, which encourages independence while maintaining limits. Research shows children of authoritative parents tend to be socially competent and autonomous. The conclusion recommends authoritative parenting for a child's well-being and that parents balance time with children and work.
This document discusses four main parenting styles - permissive, authoritative, neglectful, and authoritarian - as identified by developmental psychologist Diana Baumrind and expanded on by researchers Eleanor Maccoby and Jacob Martin. It provides statistics on the prevalence of each parenting style in the US and examines the effects of each style. The authoritative parenting style, which is high in both demandingness and responsiveness, tends to have the most positive outcomes for children's development, while neglectful parenting tends to result in the most negative outcomes. The document also explores additional parenting styles like attachment parenting, helicopter parenting, tiger parenting, and free-range parenting.
The document discusses different parenting styles and their effects on children. It identifies four main parenting styles: authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, and neglectful/uninvolved. Authoritarian parenting involves high demands and low warmth, while authoritative parenting involves high warmth, demands and communication. Research shows authoritative parenting leads to the most well-adjusted children. Permissive parenting involves low demands and high warmth, but this can enable misbehavior in children. Neglectful parenting involves low warmth and low demands.
This document provides information about an order for a 2-page creative writing assignment on art for a high school student. The assignment requires the student to write a reading response and discussion questions based on 5 required readings that are listed. The order details that the paper should be 550 words, double-spaced in MLA format. Two files related to the readings are also provided.
This document compares and contrasts the authoritative and authoritarian parenting styles. Authoritative parenting involves setting clear rules and boundaries for children while also being warm, responsive, and allowing open communication. Authoritarian parenting is very strict and controlling, focusing on demanding obedience without explanation. Research shows children raised with authoritative parenting tend to have higher self-esteem, better social and academic outcomes compared to those raised by authoritarian parents. The document concludes that authoritative parenting strikes the best balance between discipline and nurturing autonomy in children.
Essay WorkshopSOC379 Sociology of CrimeEssay TopicsTanaMaeskm
Essay Workshop
SOC379 Sociology of Crime
Essay Topics
Main Theme
Responses to Crime
Sub Themes
Governmentality, risk, criminalization, radicalization, stigma, politics, law and the state
Topics
State regulation, law, policing, penality, terrorism, reintegration, victimization, courts, public criminology
Presentation of Possible Topics
Essay Parameters
Critical, analytical essay about responses to crime
Topic of your choice related to the course, or your own idea
Intersection between course themes and critical analysis
Role of state agents, law’s subjects, context in which law and the state operate, implications
Understood through policing, regulation, law, terrorism, courts, victimization, public
Essay Format
5-6 pages double-spaced
Minimum 5 outside sources
Can use course materials
ASA format
Ticket Out the Door
Essay Workshop Submission on Blackboard
Submit at the end of class
Late submissions NOT accepted!
Draft topic
Focus or question
Two sources
Essay Outline
Worth 2% of your final grade
Consists of:
A more detailed description of your essay, including your argument and how you plan to address it
One additional outside source related to your topic
Submit to Essay Workshop Submission, in the Essay Outline link
Due Sunday June 4 by midnight
190556159_Strauss10Myths_7333991719895040.pdf
Vicki Benn
Straus, Murray A. (1994) "Beating the Devil Out of Them: Corporal Punishment in American Families" (pp. 149-167). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass/Lexington.
190556159_Parenting_Styles_4333471086411777.pdf
ED427896 1999-03-00 Parenting Style
and Its Correlates. ERIC Digest.
ERIC Development Team
www.eric.ed.gov
Table of Contents
If you're viewing this document online, you can click any of the topics below to link directly to that section.
Parenting Style and Its Correlates. ERIC Digest............................. 1
PARENTING STYLE DEFINED.............................................. 2
FOUR PARENTING STYLES................................................. 2
CONSEQUENCES FOR CHILDREN........................................ 3
INFLUENCE OF SEX, ETHNICITY, OR FAMILY TYPE................. 4
CONCLUSION.................................................................. 5
FOR MORE INFORMATION.................................................. 5
ERIC Identifier: ED427896
Publication Date: 1999-03-00
Author: Darling, Nancy
Source: ERIC Clearinghouse on Elementary and Early Childhood Education
Champaign IL.
Parenting Style and Its Correlates. ERIC Digest.
THIS DIGEST WAS CREATED BY ERIC, THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES
INFORMATION CENTER. FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT ERIC, CONTACT
ACCESS ERIC 1-800-LET-ERIC
Developmental psychologists have been interested in how parents influence the
development of children's social and instrumental competence since at least the 1920s.
One of the most robust approaches to this area is the ...
The document summarizes the results of a survey about parenting styles. Most students reported that their parents have an indulgent parenting style, being responsive but not highly demanding. The document also outlines the four main parenting styles: indulgent, authoritarian, authoritative, and uninvolved. Indulgent parents are lenient and avoid confrontation, while authoritarian parents are highly demanding but not responsive. Authoritative parents are both demanding and responsive, while uninvolved parents are low in both response and demand.
There are three main parenting styles described in the document: authoritarian, permissive, and authoritative. The authoritarian style involves high demands but low responsiveness from parents. Children raised this way may have low self-esteem and be angry or resentful. The permissive style provides few rules and guidelines, resulting in children with poor self-discipline and social skills. The authoritative style maintains firm expectations while also showing love, understanding, and respect. Children raised this way tend to be social, develop good relationships, do well academically, and are less likely to engage in risky behaviors.
PARENT'S INVOLVEMENT IN CHILD EDUCATION.pptxDzLariza2
The document discusses four main parenting styles: authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, and uninvolved. Authoritarian parenting involves strict rules and punishment for misbehavior, which can lead to children with low self-esteem and rebellion. Authoritative parenting includes clear expectations but also open communication and explanation of rules, resulting in confident and independent children. Permissive parenting has few rules and high freedom for children, but this can cause issues with self-regulation. Uninvolved parenting provides basic needs but little communication or expectations, leaving children self-sufficient but struggling with emotions.
Textbook, pages 253-256 (LO 6.16 Parenting Styles)Parenting.docxtodd191
Textbook, pages 253-256 (LO 6.16: Parenting Styles):
Parenting
Parents are a key part of children’s lives everywhere, but how parents view their role and their approaches to discipline and punishment vary widely. First, we look at an influential model of parenting “styles” based on American parenting, then we look at views of parenting based in other cultures.
Parenting “Styles”
LO 6.16 Specify the four types of parenting “styles” and identify the cultural limitations of this model.
Have you heard the joke about the man who, before he had any children, had five theories about how they should be raised? Ten years later he had five children and no theories.
Well, jokes aside, most parents do have ideas about how best to raise children, even after they have had children for awhile (Harkness et al., 2015; Tamis-LeMonda et al., 2008). In research, the investigation of this topic has often involved the study of
parenting styles
; that is, the practices that parents exhibit in relation to their children and their beliefs about those practices. This research originated in the United States and has involved mainly American children and their parents, although it has now been applied in some other countries as well.
Four Parenting Styles
For over 50 years, American scholars have engaged in research on parenting styles, and the results have been quite consistent (Bornstein & Bradley, 2014; Collins & Laursen, 2004; Maccoby & Martin, 1983). Virtually all prominent scholarship on parenting has described it in terms of two dimensions: demandingness and responsiveness (also known by other terms such as
control
and
warmth
). Parental
demandingness
is the degree to which parents set down rules and expectations for behavior and require their children to comply with them. Parental
responsiveness
is the degree to which parents are sensitive to their children’s needs and express love, warmth, and concern.
Various scholars have combined these two dimensions to describe different kinds of parenting styles. For many years, the best known and most widely used conception of parenting styles was the one articulated by Diana Baumrind (1968, 1971, 1991). Her research on middle-class White American families, along with the research of other scholars inspired by her ideas, has identified four distinct parenting styles (Collins & Laursen, 2004; Maccoby & Martin, 1983; Pinquart, 2017; Steinberg, 2000).
Authoritative parents
are high in demandingness and high in responsiveness. They set clear rules and expectations for their children. Furthermore, they make clear what the consequences will be if their children do not comply, and they make those consequences stick if necessary. However, authoritative parents do not simply “lay down the law” and then enforce it rigidly. A distinctive feature of authoritative parents is that they
explain
the reasons for their rules and expectations to their children, and they willingly engage in discussion with their children.
The document discusses different parenting styles and their outcomes on children's development. It identifies three main parenting styles: authoritarian, where parents have absolute control and children are expected to obey without question; permissive, where parents make few demands and allow children freedom without limits; and democratic, which involves setting clear limits but also fostering independence and encouraging open communication. The outcomes associated with each style are also outlined, such as children from authoritarian homes often being unhappy and rebellious, while those from democratic homes tend to be happy, high-achieving and cooperative.
The document discusses parenting styles and their effects on children. It identifies four main parenting styles - authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, and uninvolved - based on levels of control and warmth shown by parents. Most research finds authoritative parenting, which combines warmth and appropriate control, leads to the best child outcomes. However, other factors like culture and child temperament can also influence which style is most effective. The document also reviews several studies that have examined relationships between parenting styles, child development, and other family dynamics.
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The document discusses different parenting styles and their outcomes. It defines three main parenting styles: authoritarian, permissive, and democratic. Authoritarian parenting involves strict control and obedience, while permissive parenting has little discipline and control. Democratic parenting balances freedom with responsibility. Children of authoritarian parents tend to be unhappy and rebellious, while permissive parenting leads to lack of self-control. Democratic parenting is associated with well-adjusted, high-achieving children. The document also provides tips for fostering a child's self-esteem and positive development.
The document discusses how parenting styles influence child outcomes. It defines three main parenting styles: authoritarian (strict obedience), permissive (little discipline), and democratic (balance of love and limits). Authoritarian parenting leads to obedient but unhappy children, while permissive parenting results in lack of self-control. Democratic parenting fosters happiness, achievement, and responsibility. The document also provides tips for parenting, such as expressing love, providing order and praise, avoiding criticism, and being consistent.
The document discusses different parenting styles and their outcomes. It defines three main parenting styles: authoritarian, permissive, and democratic. Authoritarian parenting involves strict control and obedience, while permissive parenting has little discipline and control. Democratic parenting balances freedom with responsibility. Children of authoritarian parents tend to be unhappy and rebellious, while permissive parenting leads to lack of self-control. Democratic parenting is associated with well-adjusted, high-achieving children. The document also provides tips for fostering a child's self-esteem and positive development.
Parenting Styles, Academic Achievement and the Influence of Culture | Crimson...CrimsonpublishersPPrs
There is robust evidence on the influence of parenting styles on children and adolescents academic achievement. Based on Baumrind’s model of parenting styles, the majority of studies conclude that the authoritative parenting style is the most efficient to enhance academic achievement, in contrast to authoritarian and permissive parenting styles that are most commonly associated with academic achievement in a negative direction. However, there is an important line of research that indicates that culture plays a crucial role in the relation between parenting and academic success and that Baumrind´s model may not always fit the parenting styles observed in non-western societies.
This document discusses parenting styles and their outcomes. It defines three main parenting styles: authoritarian, permissive, and democratic. Authoritarian parenting involves strict control and obedience, and leads to children being obedient but unhappy. Permissive parenting allows complete freedom without limits, and results in children being unruly and unhappy. Democratic parenting involves reasonable rules, open communication, and respect for the child, leading to happy, high-achieving children. The document also provides tips for fostering a child's self-esteem and positive development.
1. Baumrind'sParentingTypology[edit]
Diana Baumrind
Diana Baumrind is a researcher who focused on the classification of
parenting styles. Baumrind’s research is known as “Baumrind’s
Parenting Typology”. In her research, she found what she considered
to be the four basic elements that could help shape successful
parenting: responsiveness vs. unresponsiveness and demanding vs.
undemanding.[23] Through her studies Baumrind identified three initial
parenting styles: Authoritative parenting, authoritarian
parenting and permissive parenting. Maccoby and Martin expanded
upon Baumrind’s three original parenting styles by placing parenting
styles into two distinct categories: demanding and undemanding.[citation
needed] With these distinctions, four new parenting styles were defined:
Maccoby and Martin's Four Parenting Styles
Baumrind's Three Parenting Styles
Demanding Undemanding
Responsive Authoritative/Propagative
Indulgent
(Permissive)
2. Unresponsive Authoritarian/Totalitarian Neglectful
Baumrind believed that parents should be neither punitive nor
aloof.[24] Rather, they should develop rules for their children and be
affectionate with them. These parenting styles are meant to describe
normal variations in parenting, not deviant parenting, such as might
be observed in abusive homes.[25] In addition, parenting stress can
often cause changes in parental behavior such as inconsistency,
increased negative communication, decreased monitoring and/or
supervision,[citation needed] setting vague rules or limits on behavior,
being more reactive and less proactive, and engaging in increasingly
harsh disciplinary behaviors.[26][full citation needed]
Authoritative parenting[edit]
The parent is demanding and responsive. When this style is
systematically developed, it grows to fit the descriptions propagative
parenting and concerted cultivation.
Authoritative parenting is characterized by a child-centered
approach that holds high expectations of maturity. Authoritative
parents can understand how their children are feeling and teach them
how to regulate their feelings. Even with high expectations of
maturity, authoritative parents are usually forgiving of any possible
shortcomings. [27] They often help their children to find appropriate
outlets to solve problems. Authoritative parents encourage children to
be independent but still place limits on their actions.[24]Extensive
verbal give-and-take is not refused, and parents try to be warm and
nurturing toward the child.[24] Authoritative parents are not usually as
controlling as authoritarian parents, allowing the child to explore
more freely, thus having them make their own decisions based upon
their own reasoning. Often, authoritative parents produce children
who are more independent and self-reliant.[28] An authoritative
parenting style mainly results when there is high parental
responsiveness and high parental demands.[29]
Authoritative parents will set clear standards for their children,
monitor the limits that they set, and also allow children to
develop autonomy. They also expect mature, independent, and age-
3. appropriate behavior of children. Punishments for misbehavior
are measured and consistent, not arbitrary or violent. Often behaviors
are not punished but the natural consequences of the child's actions
are explored and discussed -allowing the child to see that the behavior
is inappropriate and not to be repeated, rather than not repeated to
merely avoid adverse consequences.[24] Authoritative parents set
limits and demand maturity. However, when punishing a child, the
parent will explain his or her motive for their punishment. Children
are more likely to respond to authoritative parenting punishment
because it is reasonable and fair[citation needed]. A child knows why they
are being punished because an authoritative parent makes the reasons
known. As a result, children of authoritative parents are more likely to
be successful, well liked by those around them, generous and capable
of self determination.[30]
Authoritarian parenting[edit]
Authoritarian parenting is a restrictive, punishment heavy parenting
style in which parents make their children follow their directions with
little to no explanation.[24] Authoritarian parenting involves low
parental responsiveness and high parental demand; the parents tend to
demand obedience without explanation and focus on
status.[29] Corporal punishment is a common choice of punishment.
Yelling is another form of discipline for authoritarian parents.
Authoritarian parenting is a restrictive, punishment heavy parenting
style in which parents make their children follow their directions with
little response. It is apparent that the authoritarian parenting style has
distinct affects on children, especially when compared to authoritative
parenting and permissive or indulgent parenting. Children resulting
from this type of parenting may have less social competence because
the parent generally tells the child what to do instead of allowing the
child to choose by him or herself.[31]Children raised by authoritarian
parents tend to conform, be highly obedient, quiet and not very
happy.[32] These children often suffer from depression and self
blame.[32] As a result of being raised in an authoritarian environment,
once the children reach adolescence, rebellion is
common.[32] Nonetheless, researchers have found that in some
cultures and ethnic groups, aspects of authoritarian style may be
4. associated with more positive child outcomes than Baumrind
expects[citation needed]. "Aspects of traditional Asian child-rearing
practices are often continued by Asian American families. In some
cases, these practices have been described as authoritarian."[24] The
purpose is to prepare the child for negative responses such as anger
and aggression that they will face if their behavior is inappropriate.
The shock of aggression from someone from the outside world will be
less if the child is accustomed to it from their parents. This teaches the
child to behave themselves in society as an adult[citation needed].
Indulgent parenting[edit]
The parent is responsive but not demanding.
Indulgent parenting, also called permissive, non-
directive or lenient,[33] is characterized as having few behavioral
expectations for the child. "Indulgent parenting is a style of parenting
in which parents are very involved with their children but place few
demands or controls on them".[24] Parents are nurturing and accepting,
and are responsive to the child's needs and wishes. Indulgent parents
do not require children to regulate themselves or behave
appropriately.The children will grow into adulthood not accustomed
to aggression in others due to their inappropriate behavior which
would be a great shock to them. As adults, they will pay less attention
in avoiding behaviors which cause aggression in others[citation needed].
Permissive parents try to be "friends" with their child, and do not play
a parental role.[34] The expectations of the child are very low, and
there is little discipline. Permissive parents also allow children to
make their own decisions, giving them advice as a friend would. This
type of parenting is very lax, with few punishments or rules.[34] ("The
Four"). Permissive parents also tend to give their children whatever
they want and hope that they are appreciated for their accommodating
style. Other permissive parents compensate for what they missed as
children, and as a result give their children both the freedom and
materials that they lacked in their childhood.[35] Baumrind researched
on pre-school children with permissive parents and she came up with
a result that children were immature, absence in impulsive control and
they were irresponsible because of permissive parenting style.[36]
5. Children of permissive parents may tend to be more impulsive and as
adolescents may engage more in misconduct such as drug
use.[37] "Children never learn to control their own behavior and always
expect to get their way."[24] But in the better cases they are
emotionally secure, independent and are willing to learn and accept
defeat. They mature quickly and are able to live life without the help
of someone else.[38]
From a recent study,[39]
The teens least prone to heavy drinking had parents who scored
high on both accountability and warmth.
So-called 'indulgent' parents, those low on accountability and high
on warmth, nearly tripled the risk of their teen participating in
heavy drinking.
'Strict parents' or authoritarian parents – high on accountability and
low on warmth – more than doubled their teen’s risk of heavy
drinking.[40]
Neglectful parenting[edit]
The parent is neither demanding nor responsive.
Neglectful parenting is also called uninvolved, detached, dismissive
or hands-off.[33] The parents are low in warmth and control, are
generally not involved in their child's life, are disengaged,
undemanding, low in responsiveness, and do not set limits. Neglectful
parenting can also mean dismissing the children's emotions and
opinions. Parents are emotionally unsupportive of their children, but
will still provide their basic needs. Provide basic needs meaning:
food, housing, and toiletries or money for the
aforementioned.[41]Neglectful parenting can stem from a variety of
reasons, including the parents prioritizing themselves, lack of
encouragement on the parents' parts, financial stresses, lack of support
and addiction to harmful substances.[42]
Children whose parents are neglectful develop the sense that other
aspects of the parents’ lives are more important than they
are.[43] Many children of this parenting style often attempt to provide
for themselves or halt depending on the parent to get a feeling of
being independent and mature beyond their years.[24] Parents, and thus
6. their children, often display contradictory behavior. The parent and
the child will never come to an agreement because the child will be
resentful and the parent will show a demanding, with great authority
side. Children become emotionally withdrawn from social situations.
This disturbed attachment also impacts relationships later on in life. In
adolescence, they may show patterns of truancy and
delinquency.[24] Children from this parenting style lack external
structure and internal sense of discipline. Children also lack external
expression of love so as a result they try to get love from whatever
sources they can.[44]
A study done by Maccoby and Martin (1983) analyzed adolescents
aged 14– 18 in four areas: psychosocial development, school
achievement, internalized distress, and problem behavior. The study
found that those with neglectful parents scored the lowest on these
tests, while those with authoritative parents scored the highest.[45]
Other parenting styles[edit]
Attachment parenting
This particular parenting style is framed around the
psychological theory of attachment. Attachment in psychology
is defined as “a lasting emotional bond between
people”.[46]There are four main types of
attachment: secure, insecure-avoidant, insecure-resistant,
and disorganized attachment.[47]
Concerted cultivation is a style of parenting marked by the
parents' attempts to foster their child's talents through
organized leisure activities such as music lessons.[48]
Narcissistic parenting
A narcissistic parent is a parent affected
by narcissism or narcissistic personality disorder. Typically
narcissistic parents are exclusively and possessively close to
their children and may be especially envious of, and threatened
by, their child's growing independence.[49] The result may be
what has been termed a pattern of narcissistic attachment, with
the child considered to exist solely for the parent's benefit.[50]
Nurturant parenting
7. A family model where children are expected to explore their
surroundings with protection from their parents.[citation needed]
Overparenting
Parents who try to involve themselves in every aspect of their
child's life, often attempting to solve all their problems and
stifling the child's ability to act independently or solve his or her
own problems[citation needed]. A helicopter parent is a colloquial
early 21st-century term for a parent who pays extremely close
attention to his or her children's experiences and problems, and
attempts to sweep all obstacles out of their paths, particularly at
educational institutions. Helicopter parents are so named
because, like helicopters, they hover closely overhead,
especially during the late adolescence to early adulthood years,
when a level of independence and self-sufficiency is
normal.[51]Modern communication technology has promoted this
style by enabling parents to keep watch over their kids through
cell phones, emails, and online grades.[52]
Positive parenting
Consistent support, guiding them and supporting them for
healthy development.[53]
Slow parenting
Encourages parents to plan and organize less for their children,
instead allowing them to enjoy their childhood and explore the
world at their own pace. Electronics are limited, simplistic toys
are utilized, and the child is allowed to develop their own
interests and to grow into their own person with lots of family
time, allowing children to make their own decisions.[54]
Strict parenting
An authoritarian approach places a strong value on discipline
and following inflexible rules as a means to survive and thrive
in a harsh world.[55] It is focused on strictdiscipline, demanding,
and typically has high expectations from the parents with
limited warmth.[56]
Taking Children Seriously
The central idea of this movement is that it is possible and
desirable to raise and educate children without doing anything to
8. them against their will, or making them do anything against
their will.[57]
Toxic parenting
Poor parenting, with a toxic relationship between the parent and
child. It results in complete disruption of the child's ability to
identify themselves and reduced self-esteem, neglecting the
needs of the child. Abuse is sometimes seen in this parenting
style.[58] Adults who have suffered from toxic parents are mostly
unable to recognize toxic parenting behavior in themselves.
Children with toxic parents grow up with damages and pass
their damages to their own children