This document discusses DevOps and continuous delivery. It defines DevOps as a cultural and professional movement to improve software delivery through automation, measurement, and collaboration between development and operations teams. The key aspects of DevOps discussed are adopting infrastructure as code practices, implementing continuous integration and deployment pipelines, and establishing a culture of automation, measurement, and sharing between teams. The overall goal is to enable software to be delivered safely and reliably in a matter of hours through establishing these collaborative practices.

1. Devops, it's not about
tooling
But tooling is so much fun !
05/12/2019
Bram Vogelaar
@attachmentgenie

2. ~$ whoami
●
I used to be a Molecular Biologist,I used to be a Molecular Biologist,
●
Then became a Dev,Then became a Dev,
●
Now an Ops.Now an Ops.
●
Open Source Consultant @inuits.euOpen Source Consultant @inuits.eu

3. What's this Devops thing really about ?What's this Devops thing really about ?

4. World , 200X-2009World , 200X-2009
Patrick Debois, Gildas Le Nadan, Andrew Clay Shafer, Kris Buytaert, JezzPatrick Debois, Gildas Le Nadan, Andrew Clay Shafer, Kris Buytaert, Jezz
Humble, Lindsay Holmwood, John Willis, Chris Read, Julian Simpson, andHumble, Lindsay Holmwood, John Willis, Chris Read, Julian Simpson, and
lots of others ..lots of others ..
Gent , October 2009Gent , October 2009
Mountain View , June 2010Mountain View , June 2010
Hamburg , October 2010Hamburg , October 2010
Boston, March 2011Boston, March 2011
Mountain View, June 2011Mountain View, June 2011
........

5. devops, a definition:devops, a definition:

6. ● Adopt the new philosophy. We are in a new economic age. Western managementAdopt the new philosophy. We are in a new economic age. Western management
must awaken to the challenge, must learn their responsibilities, and take onmust awaken to the challenge, must learn their responsibilities, and take on
leadership for change.leadership for change.
● Cease dependence on inspection to achieve quality. Eliminate the need for massiveCease dependence on inspection to achieve quality. Eliminate the need for massive
inspection by building quality into the product in the first place.inspection by building quality into the product in the first place.
● Improve constantly and forever the system of production and service, to improveImprove constantly and forever the system of production and service, to improve
quality and productivity, and thus constantly decrease costs.quality and productivity, and thus constantly decrease costs.
● Institute training on the job.Institute training on the job.
● Institute leadership The aim of supervision should be to help people and machinesInstitute leadership The aim of supervision should be to help people and machines
and gadgets do a better job.and gadgets do a better job.
● Drive out fear, so that everyone may work effectively for the company.Drive out fear, so that everyone may work effectively for the company.
● Break down barriers between departments. People in research, design, sales, andBreak down barriers between departments. People in research, design, sales, and
production must work as a team, in order to foresee problems of production andproduction must work as a team, in order to foresee problems of production and
usage that may be encountered with the product or service.usage that may be encountered with the product or service.
● Eliminate slogans, exhortations, and targets for the work force asking for zero defectsEliminate slogans, exhortations, and targets for the work force asking for zero defects
and new levels of productivity. Such exhortations only create adversarialand new levels of productivity. Such exhortations only create adversarial
relationships, as the bulk of the causes of low quality and low productivity belong torelationships, as the bulk of the causes of low quality and low productivity belong to
the system and thus lie beyond the power of the work force.the system and thus lie beyond the power of the work force.
•Eliminate management by objective. Eliminate management by numbers and numericalEliminate management by objective. Eliminate management by numbers and numerical
goals. Instead substitute with leadership.goals. Instead substitute with leadership.
•Remove barriers that rob the hourly worker of his right to pride of workmanship. TheRemove barriers that rob the hourly worker of his right to pride of workmanship. The
responsibility of supervisors must be changed from sheer numbers to quality.responsibility of supervisors must be changed from sheer numbers to quality.
•Remove barriers that rob people in management and in engineering of their right toRemove barriers that rob people in management and in engineering of their right to
pride of workmanship.pride of workmanship.
● Institute a vigorous program of education and self-improvement.Institute a vigorous program of education and self-improvement.
● Put everybody in the company to work to accomplish the transformation. ThePut everybody in the company to work to accomplish the transformation. The
transformation is everybody's job.transformation is everybody's job.

7. William EdwardsWilliam Edwards
DemingDeming
1986, Out of the Crisis.1986, Out of the Crisis.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W._Edwards_Deminghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W._Edwards_Deming

8. C(L)AMSC(L)AMS
● CultureCulture
● (Lean)(Lean)
● AutomationAutomation
● MeasurementMeasurement
● SharingSharing
Damon Edwards and John WillisDamon Edwards and John Willis
Gene KimGene Kim

9. ““DevOps is a cultural andDevOps is a cultural and
professional movement”professional movement”
Adam JacobAdam Jacob

10. A global movement to improve the quality ofA global movement to improve the quality of
software delivery leveraging Open Sourcesoftware delivery leveraging Open Source
experience, started in Gent in 2009experience, started in Gent in 2009

12. Whats in it for you ?Whats in it for you ?
● Faster time to marketFaster time to market
•
Features go live in hours vs yearsFeatures go live in hours vs years
● In a more safe (Secure)In a more safe (Secure)
● Reliable fashionReliable fashion
•
Fully automatedFully automated
● More happyMore happy {customers,developers,managers,investors}{customers,developers,managers,investors}

13. How did we get here ?How did we get here ?

14. The Old DaysThe Old Days
● ““Put this Code Live, here's a tarball” NOW!Put this Code Live, here's a tarball” NOW!
● What dependencies ?What dependencies ?
● No machines available ?No machines available ?
● What database ?What database ?
● Security ?Security ?
● High Availability ?High Availability ?
● Scalability ?Scalability ?
● My computer can't install this ?My computer can't install this ?

15. Devs vs OpsDevs vs Ops

17. (Historically) Different Goals(Historically) Different Goals
DevelopmentDevelopment
● New releasesNew releases
● New FeaturesNew Features
● New platformsNew platforms
● New architecturesNew architectures
● Functional ReqFunctional Req
OperationsOperations
● Stable PlatformStable Platform
● No DowntimeNo Downtime
● Scalable PlatformScalable Platform
● Non Functional ReqNon Functional Req

18. Culture,Culture,
automation,automation,
Measturement,Measturement,
sharingsharing

19. Analyze ThisAnalyze This
● What are devs nagging aboutWhat are devs nagging about
•
Slow builds ?Slow builds ?
• No enviroments ?No enviroments ?
● What are ops nagging aboutWhat are ops nagging about
•
Bad artefacts ?Bad artefacts ?
•
No logs ?No logs ?
● What is mgmt nagging aboutWhat is mgmt nagging about
•
Quality / Feedback ?Quality / Feedback ?

20. Are you speaking the sameAre you speaking the same
language ?language ?
● Configuration management vs configurationConfiguration management vs configuration
managementmanagement
● What is Operations ?What is Operations ?
● What is #devops ?What is #devops ?

21. Crossfunctional TeamCrossfunctional Team
● Build a project team with skills from all overBuild a project team with skills from all over
•
DevelopmentDevelopment
•
Continuous IntegrationContinuous Integration
•
TestingTesting
•
Infrastructure (HA/ Scale/ Performance)Infrastructure (HA/ Scale/ Performance)
•
DeploymentDeployment
•
MeasurementMeasurement
● Seat them together !Seat them together !
● Goal = Help the businessGoal = Help the business

22. Shared BacklogShared Backlog
● CHALLENGE : Getting Non FunctionalCHALLENGE : Getting Non Functional
Requirements in the development backlogRequirements in the development backlog
•
On team levelOn team level
•
On management levelOn management level
•
On business user levelOn business user level
● Put the Product Owner on CallPut the Product Owner on Call

23. There's a tool for thatThere's a tool for that
● RedmineRedmine
● GitlabGitlab
● TracTrac
● Github.comGithub.com
● PhabricatorPhabricator
● TaigaTaiga

24. Enable CommunicationEnable Communication

25. There's a tool for thatThere's a tool for that
● Good old Irc,Good old Irc,
● Xmpp (ejabberd,openfire, …),Xmpp (ejabberd,openfire, …),
● JitsiJitsi
● Mattermost , Rocketchat, Telegram, SlackMattermost , Rocketchat, Telegram, Slack
● ……..

26. Build TrustBuild Trust
● ExperimentExperiment
•
DevDev
• TestTest
● ProdProd
● Automate all theAutomate all the
thingsthings
● Measure successMeasure success
● Measure FailureMeasure Failure

27. With great power ...With great power ...
Your code will go to production..Your code will go to production..
You will be able to fix it ..You will be able to fix it ..
You will have access to the logsYou will have access to the logs
Access to the metrics...Access to the metrics...

29. While we talk about animals..While we talk about animals..

30. Your machines as CattleYour machines as Cattle

31. Treat your people as petsTreat your people as pets

32. BondBond
● Internal DevopsdaysInternal Devopsdays
● Internal Open Source DaysInternal Open Source Days
● Hack DaysHack Days
● Teach a collegue daysTeach a collegue days
● Ramdon Lunch meetupsRamdon Lunch meetups
● Eat CakeEat Cake
● Both inside and outside the officeBoth inside and outside the office

33. What tool?What tool?

35. Culture,Culture,
Automation,Automation,
Measurement,Measurement,
SharingSharing

36. Automate all the thingsAutomate all the things
● BuildBuild
•
reproducable builds are undiscussablereproducable builds are undiscussable
● TestTest
•
testing reduces risktesting reduces risk
•
automate deployments of your test infraautomate deployments of your test infra
● DeployDeploy
•
Infrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as Code
•
100% automation100% automation
•
Can you rebuild your infrastructure ?Can you rebuild your infrastructure ?

37. NirvanaNirvana
An “ecosystem” that supports continuous delivery, fromAn “ecosystem” that supports continuous delivery, from
infrastructure, data and configuration management toinfrastructure, data and configuration management to
business.business.
Through automation of the build, deployment, and testingThrough automation of the build, deployment, and testing
process, and improved collaboration between developers,process, and improved collaboration between developers,
testers, and operations, delivery teams can get changestesters, and operations, delivery teams can get changes
released in a matter of hours — sometimes even minutes–noreleased in a matter of hours — sometimes even minutes–no
matter what the size of a project or the complexity of its codematter what the size of a project or the complexity of its code
base.base.
Continuous Delivery , Jez HumbleContinuous Delivery , Jez Humble

38. How do we get there ?How do we get there ?

39. Use VersionUse Version
Control,Control,
No ExcusesNo Excuses
Also forAlso for
scripts/config/cookbooks,scripts/config/cookbooks,
manifests,etcmanifests,etc

40. Infra Requirements:Infra Requirements:
● GitGit
•
GitlabGitlab
• GithubGithub
•
GitoliteGitolite
•
GitblitGitblit
•
GitoriousGitorious

41. Continuous IntegrationContinuous Integration
● BuildsBuilds
● Nightly BuildsNightly Builds
● Builds with testsBuilds with tests
● Nightly Builds with testsNightly Builds with tests
● Frequent integrationFrequent integration
● Continuous IntegrationContinuous Integration

42. CI ToolsCI Tools
● HudsonHudson
● JenkinsJenkins
A zillion pluginsA zillion plugins
● Go (Cruise Control)Go (Cruise Control)
● TravisTravis
● GitlabCIGitlabCI
● Also test your (Puppet/Chef/CFengine)Also test your (Puppet/Chef/CFengine)

43. Infra Requirements:Infra Requirements:
● Issuetracker / PM ToolsIssuetracker / PM Tools
● Communication ToolsCommunication Tools
● GitGit
● CI ToolCI Tool

44. Build PipelinesBuild Pipelines

45. Jenkins PipelineJenkins Pipeline

46. A pipelineA pipeline
● Checkout codeCheckout code
● SyntaxSyntax
● StyleStyle
● Code CoverageCode Coverage
● TestsTests
● BuildBuild
● More TestsMore Tests
●

47. Test AutomationTest Automation
● Unit testsUnit tests
● Regression testsRegression tests
● TDDTDD
● BDDBDD
● SeleniumSelenium
● FitnesseFitnesse
● CucumberCucumber

48. Can you Automate yourCan you Automate your
Pipeline Creation ?Pipeline Creation ?
● Puppetizing PipelinesPuppetizing Pipelines
● Templating PipelinesTemplating Pipelines
● Workflow PluginWorkflow Plugin
● JJBJJB
● ……

49. Can you Automate yourCan you Automate your
Pipeline Creation ?Pipeline Creation ?
● Pipeline as CodePipeline as Code
● Jenkins Job DSLJenkins Job DSL
● Pipeline PluginPipeline Plugin

51. devops (<)> continuous delilverydevops (<)> continuous delilvery

52. How many times a day ?How many times a day ?
● 10 @ Flickr10 @ Flickr
● Deployments used to be painDeployments used to be pain
● Nobody dared to deploy a siteNobody dared to deploy a site
● Practice makes perfectPractice makes perfect
● Knowing you can vs constantly doing itKnowing you can vs constantly doing it

53. " Our job as engineers (and ops, dev-ops, QA," Our job as engineers (and ops, dev-ops, QA,
support, everyone in the company actually) is tosupport, everyone in the company actually) is to
enable the business goals. We strongly feel thatenable the business goals. We strongly feel that
in order to do that you must havein order to do that you must have the ability tothe ability to
deploy code quickly and safelydeploy code quickly and safely. Even if the. Even if the
business goals are to deploy strongly QA’d codebusiness goals are to deploy strongly QA’d code
once a month at 3am (it’s not for us, we push allonce a month at 3am (it’s not for us, we push all
the time), having a reliable and easythe time), having a reliable and easy
deployment should bedeployment should be non-negotiablenon-negotiable."."
Etsy Blog upon releasing DeployinatorEtsy Blog upon releasing Deployinator
http://codeascraft.etsy.com/2010/05/20/quantum-of-deployment/http://codeascraft.etsy.com/2010/05/20/quantum-of-deployment/

54. Infrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as Code
● Treat configuration automation as codeTreat configuration automation as code
● Development best practicesDevelopment best practices
•
Model your infrastructureModel your infrastructure
•
Version your cookbooks / manifestsVersion your cookbooks / manifests
•
Test your cookbooks/ manifestsTest your cookbooks/ manifests
•
Dev/ test /uat / prod for your infraDev/ test /uat / prod for your infra
● Model your infrastructureModel your infrastructure
● A working service = automated ( Application Code +A working service = automated ( Application Code +
Infrastructure Code + Security + Monitoring )Infrastructure Code + Security + Monitoring )
● IAC -ne scriptingIAC -ne scripting

55. Surviving the 10Surviving the 10thth
floor testfloor test

56. Pick your poisonPick your poison
● CfEngineCfEngine
● PuppetPuppet
● ChefChef
● AnsibleAnsible
● SaltSalt
•
Or combine themOr combine them

57. Infra Requirements:Infra Requirements:
● GitGit
● CI ToolCI Tool
● Test FrameworksTest Frameworks
● IAC FrameworkIAC Framework
•
Includes ReportingIncludes Reporting
•
Also requires the aboveAlso requires the above

58. Culture Hack:Culture Hack:
Set up CI / CD for your infrastructure first, IfSet up CI / CD for your infrastructure first, If
the people running your infra don't know howthe people running your infra don't know how
CI/CD works , how do you expect them toCI/CD works , how do you expect them to
support / teach your application teams ?support / teach your application teams ?
You also get them to learn about the toolingYou also get them to learn about the tooling
they will need to support and they will sharethey will need to support and they will share
the pain and the joy of the applicationthe pain and the joy of the application
developersdevelopers

59. Spinning up stacksSpinning up stacks
● ForemanForeman
● Terraform ..Terraform ..
● Pitfall :Pitfall :
•
Require a CI Tool to deployRequire a CI Tool to deploy

60. Why ops like to packageWhy ops like to package
● Packages give you featuresPackages give you features
•Consistency, security, dependenciesConsistency, security, dependencies
● Uniquely identify where files come fromUniquely identify where files come from
•Package or cfg-mgmtPackage or cfg-mgmt
● Source repo not always availableSource repo not always available
•Firewall / Cloud etc ..Firewall / Cloud etc ..
● Weird deployment locations , no easy accessWeird deployment locations , no easy access
● Little overhead when you automateLittle overhead when you automate
● CONFIG does not belong in a packageCONFIG does not belong in a package

61. #devopsdays 2010 Open#devopsdays 2010 Open
Space ConclusionsSpace Conclusions
● Always package software YOU deployAlways package software YOU deploy
•
Exceptions: code that changes faster thanExceptions: code that changes faster than
you can package it. (Very rare)you can package it. (Very rare)
● Do NOT package Config FILES ,Do NOT package Config FILES ,
•
Use a cfgmgmt tool for thisUse a cfgmgmt tool for this
● Languages are still reinventing the wheel :(Languages are still reinventing the wheel :(

62. fpmfpm

63. SaySay
thanks tothanks to
JordanJordan
SisselSissel

64. A pipelineA pipeline
● Checkout codeCheckout code
● SyntaxSyntax
● StyleStyle
● Code CoverageCode Coverage
● TestsTests
● BuildBuild
● More TestsMore Tests
● PackagePackage

65. Repository ManagementRepository Management

66. Repository ManagementRepository Management
● PulpPulp
•
Pro : MirroringLovePro : MirroringLove
•
Con : Mongo, Stability, .deb, forgeCon : Mongo, Stability, .deb, forge
● PRMPRM
● Yum Repo Server by IS24Yum Repo Server by IS24
● AptlyAptly

67. Deploy SoftwareDeploy Software
● Repo per environmentRepo per environment
● Package {'mysoftware': ensure => present}Package {'mysoftware': ensure => present}
● Strict versioning in config ?Strict versioning in config ?
Ensure => '0.98.4'Ensure => '0.98.4'

68. Deployment isn't the EndDeployment isn't the End

69. OrchestrationOrchestration
● Manage 1000 nodes,Manage 1000 nodes,
● TriggerTrigger
•UpgradesUpgrades
•Config RunsConfig Runs
•Service ChangesService Changes
● Think :Think :
•McollectiveMcollective
•ConsulConsul
•RundeckRundeck
•AnsibleAnsible

70. The New DaysThe New Days
● ““Put this Code Live, here's Docker Container”Put this Code Live, here's Docker Container”
NOW!NOW!
● No machines available ?No machines available ?
● What database ?What database ?
● Security ? What distro is this even ?Security ? What distro is this even ?
● High Availability ?High Availability ?
● Scalability ?Scalability ?
● How do we monitor his ?How do we monitor his ?
● How did you build this ?How did you build this ?

71. If all you know is docker, every whale looks like aIf all you know is docker, every whale looks like a
private cloudprivate cloud
Image Build by devs,Image Build by devs,
maintained by nobodymaintained by nobody

72. Closing the gaps between dev and opsClosing the gaps between dev and ops
AgainAgain
● Who build this ?Who build this ?
● What about SecurityWhat about Security
● How do you even build a containerHow do you even build a container
● How do you build the hosts that run theHow do you build the hosts that run the
containers ?containers ?
● Infrastructure as code ++Infrastructure as code ++

73. Culture,Culture,
Automation,Automation,
Measurement :Measurement :
measure all the thingsmeasure all the things
SharingSharing

74. Monitoring is usually anMonitoring is usually an
aftertoughtaftertought
ENOBUDGET, ENOTIMEENOBUDGET, ENOTIME

75. An 2008 OLS PaperAn 2008 OLS Paper
● We have bloated Java toolsWe have bloated Java tools
● Some open Core stuffSome open Core stuff
● DYI folks want traditional NagiosDYI folks want traditional Nagios
● DBA RequiredDBA Required

76. #monitoringsucks#monitoringsucks
● John Vincent (@lusis), june 2011John Vincent (@lusis), june 2011
● A sub #devops movementA sub #devops movement
● https://github.com/monitoringsucks/https://github.com/monitoringsucks/

77. Why #monitoringsucksWhy #monitoringsucks
● Manual config (gui)Manual config (gui)
● Not in sync with realityNot in sync with reality
● Hosts onlyHosts only
● Services sometimesServices sometimes
● Aplication neverAplication never
● Chaos or out of sync with realityChaos or out of sync with reality
● Alert FatigueAlert Fatigue

78. What we wantWhat we want
● Small , well suited componentsSmall , well suited components
•
CollectCollect
•
Transport / MangleTransport / Mangle
•
StoreStore
•
AnalyseAnalyse
•
Act / AlertAct / Alert
•
VisualizeVisualize

79. #monitoringlove#monitoringlove
•
•
Ulf Mansson #devopsdays Rome 2011Ulf Mansson #devopsdays Rome 2011
•
A new era of toolingA new era of tooling
• #monitoringlove hacksessions @inuits#monitoringlove hacksessions @inuits
•
#monitorama#monitorama

80. Infra Requirement:Infra Requirement:
● System Checks,System Checks,
● Basic Alerting,Basic Alerting,
● AutomationAutomation

81. Automation ofAutomation of
#monitoring#monitoring
brought backbrought back
thethe #love#love

82. AutomationAutomation

83. Automation gives , automated maintainedAutomation gives , automated maintained
monitoring of the services we define.monitoring of the services we define.

84. Monitoring aMonitoring a serviceservice
vsvs
Monitoring aMonitoring a ServiceService

85. CollectD all the metrics,CollectD all the metrics,
at high intervalsat high intervals

86. Infra Requirements:Infra Requirements:
Metric Collection,Metric Collection,
TSDB,TSDB,

87. Oldschool graphiteOldschool graphite

88. GraphiteGraphite
● Graphing at ScaleGraphing at Scale
● Graphing at EaseGraphing at Ease
● Any metric is a graphAny metric is a graph
● echo "somestring $somevalue $timestamp" |echo "somestring $somevalue $timestamp" |
nc <%= graphitehost %> 2003nc <%= graphitehost %> 2003

89. Graphite++Graphite++
● DashboardsDashboards
•
GrafanaGrafana
● Engines :Engines :
•
InfluxDBInfluxDB
•
CyaniteCyanite
● PrometheusPrometheus

90. GrafanaGrafana

91. Triggers on GraphsTriggers on Graphs
● Export Java MetricsExport Java Metrics
● JMXTransJMXTrans
● Export JMXConfigsExport JMXConfigs
● Configure NRPE CheckConfigure NRPE Check
● Export NagiosCheckExport NagiosCheck
● Collect JMX Exports onCollect JMX Exports on
JMXTransNodeJMXTransNode
● Graph EmGraph Em
Collect Icinga ConfigsCollect Icinga Configs
on Icingaon Icinga

92. ● PrometheusPrometheus
● AlertingAlerting
● PullingPulling

94. Math 101Math 101
● f(x)f(x)
● f'(x)f'(x)
● f''(x)f''(x)
● ... statistics 101... statistics 101

95. But I have log files..But I have log files..

97. Logs and MetricsLogs and Metrics
● Graylog2Graylog2
● ELSA (Enterprise Log Search and Archive)ELSA (Enterprise Log Search and Archive)
● ELK StackELK Stack

98. ● Collect from anywhereCollect from anywhere
● FilterFilter
● Send anywhereSend anywhere
● QueingQueing

100. Self Service MetricsSelf Service Metrics
● Being able to add new metricsBeing able to add new metrics
● Build your own dashboardsBuild your own dashboards
● Look at metrics / logs on all platformsLook at metrics / logs on all platforms
● Learn from the LogfilesLearn from the Logfiles
● Learn from the platformLearn from the platform

101. Culture,Culture,
Automation,Automation,
Measurement,Measurement,
SharingSharing

102. DashboardsDashboards

103. Visualize Business MetricsVisualize Business Metrics
● $revenue$revenue
● #sales#sales
● signupssignups
● conversionsconversions
● Api callsApi calls
● Application useApplication use

104. SharingSharing
● Open SpaceOpen Space
● Open SourceOpen Source
● GithubGithub
● Talk about ExperiencesTalk about Experiences
● Publish the codePublish the code

105. FoodFood

106. Quiz Time :Quiz Time :
Which tool did I forget ?Which tool did I forget ?

107. YouYou

108. It's not about the toolsIt's not about the tools
It's about changeIt's about change
It's about the peopleIt's about the people

109. INUITS bvba
Essensteenweg 31
2930 Brasschaat
Belgium
BE 0891.514.231
Contact:
+32.380.821.05
info@inuits.eu
inuits.eu
Bram Vogelaar
bram@inuits.eu
@attachmentgenie
Rotterdam Igloo
Creative Factory
Maashaven Zuidzijde 2
3081 AE Rotterdam