Devops, the future is hereDevops, the future is here
It's just not evenly distributed
@KrisBuytaert

Kris BuytaertKris Buytaert
● I used to be a Dev,I used to be a Dev,
● Then Became an OpThen Became an Op
● Chief Trolling Officer and Open SourceChief Trolling Officer and Open Source
Consultant @Consultant @inuits.euinuits.eu
● Everything is an effing DNS ProblemEverything is an effing DNS Problem
● Building Clouds since before the bookstoreBuilding Clouds since before the bookstore
● Some books, some papers, some blogsSome books, some papers, some blogs
● Evangelizing devopsEvangelizing devops

What's this Devops thing really about ?What's this Devops thing really about ?

World , 200X-2009World , 200X-2009
Patrick Debois, Gildas Le Nadan, Andrew Clay Shafer, Kris Buytaert, JezzPatrick Debois, Gildas Le Nadan, Andrew Clay Shafer, Kris Buytaert, Jezz
Humble, Lindsay Holmwood, John Willis, Chris Read, Julian Simpson, andHumble, Lindsay Holmwood, John Willis, Chris Read, Julian Simpson, and
lots of others ..lots of others ..
Gent , October 2009Gent , October 2009
Mountain View , June 2010Mountain View , June 2010
Hamburg , October 2010Hamburg , October 2010
Boston, March 2011Boston, March 2011
Mountain View, June 2011Mountain View, June 2011
........

devops, a definition:devops, a definition:

● Adopt the new philosophy. We are in a new economic age. Western managementAdopt the new philosophy. We are in a new economic age. Western management
must awaken to the challenge, must learn their responsibilities, and take onmust awaken to the challenge, must learn their responsibilities, and take on
leadership for change.leadership for change.
● Cease dependence on inspection to achieve quality. Eliminate the need for massiveCease dependence on inspection to achieve quality. Eliminate the need for massive
inspection by building quality into the product in the first place.inspection by building quality into the product in the first place.
● Improve constantly and forever the system of production and service, to improveImprove constantly and forever the system of production and service, to improve
quality and productivity, and thus constantly decrease costs.quality and productivity, and thus constantly decrease costs.
● Institute training on the job.Institute training on the job.
● Institute leadership The aim of supervision should be to help people and machinesInstitute leadership The aim of supervision should be to help people and machines
and gadgets do a better job.and gadgets do a better job.
● Drive out fear, so that everyone may work effectively for the company.Drive out fear, so that everyone may work effectively for the company.
● Break down barriers between departments. People in research, design, sales, andBreak down barriers between departments. People in research, design, sales, and
production must work as a team, in order to foresee problems of production andproduction must work as a team, in order to foresee problems of production and
usage that may be encountered with the product or service.usage that may be encountered with the product or service.
● Eliminate slogans, exhortations, and targets for the work force asking for zero defectsEliminate slogans, exhortations, and targets for the work force asking for zero defects
and new levels of productivity. Such exhortations only create adversarialand new levels of productivity. Such exhortations only create adversarial
relationships, as the bulk of the causes of low quality and low productivity belong torelationships, as the bulk of the causes of low quality and low productivity belong to
the system and thus lie beyond the power of the work force.the system and thus lie beyond the power of the work force.
•Eliminate management by objective. Eliminate management by numbers and numericalEliminate management by objective. Eliminate management by numbers and numerical
goals. Instead substitute with leadership.goals. Instead substitute with leadership.
•Remove barriers that rob the hourly worker of his right to pride of workmanship. TheRemove barriers that rob the hourly worker of his right to pride of workmanship. The
responsibility of supervisors must be changed from sheer numbers to quality.responsibility of supervisors must be changed from sheer numbers to quality.
•Remove barriers that rob people in management and in engineering of their right toRemove barriers that rob people in management and in engineering of their right to
pride of workmanship.pride of workmanship.
● Institute a vigorous program of education and self-improvement.Institute a vigorous program of education and self-improvement.
● Put everybody in the company to work to accomplish the transformation. ThePut everybody in the company to work to accomplish the transformation. The
transformation is everybody's job.transformation is everybody's job.

William EdwardsWilliam Edwards
DemingDeming
1986, Out of the Crisis.1986, Out of the Crisis.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W._Edwards_Deminghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W._Edwards_Deming

C(L)AMSC(L)AMS
● CultureCulture
● (Lean)(Lean)
● AutomationAutomation
● MeasurementMeasurement
● SharingSharing
Damon Edwards and John WillisDamon Edwards and John Willis
Gene KimGene Kim

Whats in it for you ?Whats in it for you ?
● Faster time to marketFaster time to market
•
Features go live in hours vs yearsFeatures go live in hours vs years
● In a more safe (Secure)In a more safe (Secure)
● Reliable fashionReliable fashion
•
Fully automatedFully automated
● More happyMore happy {customers,developers,managers,investors}{customers,developers,managers,investors}

How did we get here ?How did we get here ?

The Old DaysThe Old Days
● ““Put this Code Live, here's a tarball” NOW!Put this Code Live, here's a tarball” NOW!
● What dependencies ?What dependencies ?
● No machines available ?No machines available ?
● What database ?What database ?
● Security ?Security ?
● High Availability ?High Availability ?
● Scalability ?Scalability ?
● My computer can't install this ?My computer can't install this ?

Devs vs OpsDevs vs Ops

(Historically) Different Goals(Historically) Different Goals
DevelopmentDevelopment
● New releasesNew releases
● New FeaturesNew Features
● New platformsNew platforms
● New architecturesNew architectures
● Functional ReqFunctional Req
OperationsOperations
● Stable PlatformStable Platform
● No DowntimeNo Downtime
● Scalable PlatformScalable Platform
● Non Functional ReqNon Functional Req

We can solve this !We can solve this !
● Some people thinkSome people think
the Ops work startsthe Ops work starts
on deploymenton deployment
● It starts much earlierIt starts much earlier
● Get Devs and Ops toGet Devs and Ops to
talk asaptalk asap

Culture,Culture,
automation,automation,
Measturement,Measturement,
sharingsharing

Step 0Step 0
● Be PatientBe Patient
● Devops is hardDevops is hard
● Rome/Etsy was not build in 1 weekRome/Etsy was not build in 1 week

Burn the SilosBurn the Silos

Crossfunctional TeamCrossfunctional Team
● Build a project team with skills from all overBuild a project team with skills from all over
•
DevelopmentDevelopment
•
Continuous IntegrationContinuous Integration
•
TestingTesting
•
Infrastructure (HA/ Scale/ Performance)Infrastructure (HA/ Scale/ Performance)
•
DeploymentDeployment
•
MeasurementMeasurement
● Seat them together !Seat them together !
● Goal = Help the businessGoal = Help the business

Enable CommunicationEnable Communication

Improve CommunicationImprove Communication
● Chatrooms <- force people to be onlineChatrooms <- force people to be online
•
TopicTopic
•
Virtual WatercoolerVirtual Watercooler
•
ChatOpsChatOps
● Virtual and Physical StandupsVirtual and Physical Standups
● Hangout / JabberHangout / Jabber

No New Silos !No New Silos !
Don't call it a devops teamDon't call it a devops team

Build TrustBuild Trust
● ExperimentExperiment
•
DevDev
•
TestTest
● ProdProd
● Automate all theAutomate all the
thingsthings
● Measure successMeasure success
● Measure FailureMeasure Failure

Give AccessGive Access
● Shared goal -> Shared Problem -> SharedShared goal -> Shared Problem -> Shared
responsibilitiesresponsibilities
● Everyone is on callEveryone is on call
● Full platform accessFull platform access
•
LogsLogs
•
MetricsMetrics
•
ToolsTools
● Do you let a blind buy paint your house ?Do you let a blind buy paint your house ?

Grow UpGrow Up
Getting AlongGetting AlongOpsOpsDevsDevs

•
Take 1 small stepTake 1 small step
•
PreparePrepare
Do not spread the word to soon....Do not spread the word to soon....
•
You won't be ready anyhowYou won't be ready anyhow
•
Celebrate SuccessCelebrate Success
•
Showcase successesShowcase successes
•
Create JealousyCreate Jealousy
GrowGrow

BondBond
● Hack DaysHack Days
● Teach a collegue daysTeach a collegue days
● Ramdon Lunch meetupsRamdon Lunch meetups
● Eat CakeEat Cake
● Both inside and outside the officeBoth inside and outside the office

What tool?What tool?

Culture,Culture,
Automation,Automation,
Measurement,Measurement,
SharingSharing

Automate all the thingsAutomate all the things
● BuildBuild
• reproducable builds are undiscussablereproducable builds are undiscussable
● TestTest
•
testing reduces risktesting reduces risk
•
automate deployments of your test infraautomate deployments of your test infra
● DeployDeploy
•
Infrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as Code
•
100% automation100% automation
•
Can you rebuild your infrastructure ?Can you rebuild your infrastructure ?

NirvanaNirvana
An “ecosystem” that supports continuous delivery, fromAn “ecosystem” that supports continuous delivery, from
infrastructure, data and configuration management toinfrastructure, data and configuration management to
business.business.
Through automation of the build, deployment, and testingThrough automation of the build, deployment, and testing
process, and improved collaboration between developers,process, and improved collaboration between developers,
testers, and operations, delivery teams can get changestesters, and operations, delivery teams can get changes
released in a matter of hours — sometimes even minutes–noreleased in a matter of hours — sometimes even minutes–no
matter what the size of a project or the complexity of its codematter what the size of a project or the complexity of its code
base.base.
Continuous Delivery , Jez HumbleContinuous Delivery , Jez Humble

How do we get there ?How do we get there ?

Use Version ControlUse Version Control
No ExcusesNo Excuses
Also for scripts/config/cookbooks,manifests,etcAlso for scripts/config/cookbooks,manifests,etc

Continuous IntegrationContinuous Integration
● BuildsBuilds
● Nightly BuildsNightly Builds
● Builds with testsBuilds with tests
● Nightly Builds with testsNightly Builds with tests
● Frequent integrationFrequent integration
● Continuous IntegrationContinuous Integration

CI ToolsCI Tools
● HudsonHudson
● JenkinsJenkins
•A zillion pluginsA zillion plugins
● Make your builds reproducible !Make your builds reproducible !
● Test your (Puppet/Chef/CFengine)Test your (Puppet/Chef/CFengine)

Build PipelinesBuild Pipelines

Test AutomationTest Automation
● Unit testsUnit tests
● Regression testsRegression tests
● SeleniumSelenium
● CucumberCucumber
● TDDTDD
● BDDBDD

How many times a day ?How many times a day ?
● 10 @ Flickr10 @ Flickr
● Deployments used to be painDeployments used to be pain
● Nobody dared to deploy a siteNobody dared to deploy a site
● Practice makes perfectPractice makes perfect
● Knowing you can vs constantly doing itKnowing you can vs constantly doing it

" Our job as engineers (and ops, dev-ops, QA," Our job as engineers (and ops, dev-ops, QA,
support, everyone in the company actually) is tosupport, everyone in the company actually) is to
enable the business goals. We strongly feel thatenable the business goals. We strongly feel that
in order to do that you must havein order to do that you must have the ability tothe ability to
deploy code quickly and safelydeploy code quickly and safely. Even if the. Even if the
business goals are to deploy strongly QA’d codebusiness goals are to deploy strongly QA’d code
once a month at 3am (it’s not for us, we push allonce a month at 3am (it’s not for us, we push all
the time), having a reliable and easythe time), having a reliable and easy
deployment should bedeployment should be non-negotiablenon-negotiable."."
Etsy Blog upon releasing DeployinatorEtsy Blog upon releasing Deployinator
http://codeascraft.etsy.com/2010/05/20/quantum-of-deployment/http://codeascraft.etsy.com/2010/05/20/quantum-of-deployment/

Infrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as Code
● Treat configuration automation as codeTreat configuration automation as code
● Development best practicesDevelopment best practices
•
Model your infrastructureModel your infrastructure
•
Version your cookbooks / manifestsVersion your cookbooks / manifests
•
Test your cookbooks/ manifestsTest your cookbooks/ manifests
•
Dev/ test /uat / prod for your infraDev/ test /uat / prod for your infra
● Model your infrastructureModel your infrastructure
● A working service = automated ( Application Code +A working service = automated ( Application Code +
Infrastructure Code + Security + Monitoring )Infrastructure Code + Security + Monitoring )
● Think Puppet, Chef, Cfengine, ...Think Puppet, Chef, Cfengine, ...
● IAC -ne scriptingIAC -ne scripting

Deployment isn't the EndDeployment isn't the End

Culture,Culture,
Automation,Automation,
Measurement :Measurement :
measure all the thingsmeasure all the things
SharingSharing

Why #monitoringsucksWhy #monitoringsucks
Monitoring is AWESOME. Metrics are AWESOME. I love it. Here's what I don't love:Monitoring is AWESOME. Metrics are AWESOME. I love it. Here's what I don't love:
● Having my hands tied with the model of host and service bindings.Having my hands tied with the model of host and service bindings.
● Having to set up "fake" hosts just to group arbitrary metrics togetherHaving to set up "fake" hosts just to group arbitrary metrics together
● Having to either collect metrics twice - once for alerting and another for trendingHaving to either collect metrics twice - once for alerting and another for trending
● Only being able to see my metrics in 5 minute intervalsOnly being able to see my metrics in 5 minute intervals
● Having to chose between shitty interface but great monitoring or shitty monitoringHaving to chose between shitty interface but great monitoring or shitty monitoring
but great interfacebut great interface
● Dealing with a monitoring system that thinks IT is the system of truth for myDealing with a monitoring system that thinks IT is the system of truth for my
environmentenvironment
● Not actually having any real choicesNot actually having any real choices
John Vincent (@lusis) on his blog http://lusislog.blogspot.com/2011/06/why-John Vincent (@lusis) on his blog http://lusislog.blogspot.com/2011/06/why-
monitoring-sucks.htmlmonitoring-sucks.html

GraphiteGraphite
● Graphing at ScaleGraphing at Scale
● Graphing at EaseGraphing at Ease
● Any metric is a graphAny metric is a graph
● echo "somestring $somevalue $timestamp" |echo "somestring $somevalue $timestamp" |
nc <%= graphitehost %> 2003nc <%= graphitehost %> 2003

LogstashLogstash
● Not your average centralized logging toolNot your average centralized logging tool
● Elasticsearch backedElasticsearch backed
● ShipperShipper
● IndexerIndexer
● WebWeb

Self Service MetricsSelf Service Metrics
● Being able to add new metricsBeing able to add new metrics
● Build your own dashboardsBuild your own dashboards
● Look at metrics / logs on all platformsLook at metrics / logs on all platforms
● Learn from the LogfilesLearn from the Logfiles
● Learn from the platformLearn from the platform
●

Math 101Math 101
● f(x)f(x)
● f'(x)f'(x)
● f''(x)f''(x)
● ... statistics 101... statistics 101

Monitoring & MetricsMonitoring & Metrics
•
Oculus , Skyline, Riemann, Esper,Oculus , Skyline, Riemann, Esper,
•
FlapJack (2nd incarnation)FlapJack (2nd incarnation)
•
BPM & MonitoringBPM & Monitoring
•
Creating Information out of this dataCreating Information out of this data
•
Big dataBig data
•
Machine LearningMachine Learning

Culture,Culture,
Automation,Automation,
Measurement,Measurement,
SharingSharing

DashboardsDashboards

Visualize Business MetricsVisualize Business Metrics
● $revenue$revenue
● #sales#sales
● signupssignups
● conversionsconversions
● Api callsApi calls
● Application useApplication use

SharingSharing
● Open SpaceOpen Space
● Open SourceOpen Source
● GithubGithub
● Talk about ExperiencesTalk about Experiences
● Publish the codePublish the code

FoodFood

Quiz Time :Quiz Time :
Which tool did I forget ?Which tool did I forget ?

YouYou

It's not about the toolsIt's not about the tools
It's about changeIt's about change
It's about the peopleIt's about the people

HomeworkHomework

ContactContact
Kris BuytaertKris Buytaert Kris.Buytaert@inuits.beKris.Buytaert@inuits.be
Further ReadingFurther Reading
@krisbuytaert@krisbuytaert
http://www.krisbuytaert.be/blog/http://www.krisbuytaert.be/blog/
http://www.inuits.be/http://www.inuits.be/
InuitsInuits
Essensesteenweg 31Essensesteenweg 31
BrasschaatBrasschaat
BelgiumBelgium
891.514.231891.514.231
+32 475 961221+32 475 961221

Images:Images:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/huffstutterrobertl/4135257384/http://www.flickr.com/photos/huffstutterrobertl/4135257384/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/brighton/2153602543/http://www.flickr.com/photos/brighton/2153602543/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/gchorus/2074271352/http://www.flickr.com/photos/gchorus/2074271352/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/49024304@N00/2951673691/sizes/l/http://www.flickr.com/photos/49024304@N00/2951673691/sizes/l/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/30302096@N06/2953698548/http://www.flickr.com/photos/30302096@N06/2953698548/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/jamescridland/613445810/http://www.flickr.com/photos/jamescridland/613445810/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/johnmcga/4468003947/http://www.flickr.com/photos/johnmcga/4468003947/