Training lead by Jeff Palmer of Baptist Global Response. Goal of training to come up with a long term strategy for work in Las Conchas (and therefore a template for work for new neighborhoods).

1. BEING THE HANDS AND FEET OF JESUS Shalom Foundation/Brentwood Baptist Development Strategies for Missions

2. Objectives for today… Biblical basis for helping those in need Knowledge of principles of helping; How to help without hurting Application for use of the framework; Community development process and tools (touching DR) The link from community development to touching lives and sharing the Gospel Show practical examples; Application to your situation… Question and Answer time

3. Devotional Thought – Poverty in the Bible What is the poverty? Who are the poor? Where can it be seen? What does the Bible say about it? From Greek = “ penes ” and “ ptocheia ” Old Testament/Hebrew Poverty: 1. A loss of things… 2. A loss of influence… 3. A loss of identity… 4. A loss of hope… 5. A complete and total dependency on God… Hebrew = “ ebyon ” from “ abah ” = ‘ consent, to be willing ’ (2 Corinthians 8:8-9) “…Jesus Christ that though He was rich, yet for your sakes He became poor, so that you through His poverty might become rich.”

4. From Corbett and Fikkert, “When Helping Hurts” Material Definition of Poverty God Complex of Materially Non-Poor Harm to Both Materially Poor and Non-Poor

5. Our Missions Strategy Can be one of Preaching and Ministering (and still be effective) We can minister to people’s needs and still share the gospel. In many cases, we can even more effectively share the gospel through meeting needs. When we use the model of Jesus and touch people where they are hurting, it opens avenues/windows into their lives that allows us to speak truth Most mission strategies today focus on the Lost and the Last. A “holistic” strategy focuses on the “Lost, Last and Least”.

6. STATE OF THE WORLD For God so loved the world… (John 3:16)

10. Est. Per Year cost/need Basic Education - $6 B Water/Sanitation - $9 B Women ’s Health - $12 B Basic Health/ - $13 B Nutrition What We Spend per Year Cosmetics in the USA - $8 B Ice Cream in Europe - $11 B Alcohol and cigarettes in Europe - $155 B Global Military - $780 B * There are now more than 30,000 self-storage facilities in the USA offering over a billion square feet storage and we spend $12 Billion dollars/year just to store our extra stuff… GLOBAL PRIORITIES:

14. SPIRITUAL FACTS:

15. SPIRITUAL FACTS:

16. HUMAN NEEDS MINISTRIES/MISSIONS STRATEGY… What they cannot do for you… * Evangelize, disciple or start churches on their own (Rom 10:17) “Faith comes by hearing the message, and the message comes through the word of Christ…”

17. HUMAN NEEDS MINISTRIES… What they can do for you… (Romans 10:14) - “And how can they hear….?” A – Access to People B – Behind closed doors C – Care for the Needy D – Discipleship E – Empower the local church and believers

18. Potential Negative Impacts of HN Ministries… Need of people with specialized skills Creation of dependency in the target group Shift of focus from the “main thing” to the project/program at hand Ethical issues such as making “rice” Christians Can cause a high profile in a non-secure area (e.g. NGOs are considered a “front” sometimes) Time consuming

19. Acute - These needs arise from disaster events such as wars, famine, earthquakes, floods, etc., and are highly unpredictable as to when or where they will happen. They can and do open windows for ministry usually of shorter duration periods than chronic needs. Chronic – These ways include human suffering due to hunger, poverty, poor health, etc., and are generally massive in proportion. Because the problems causing chronic suffering are deeply rooted in societies and cultures, they require long-term, transformational, education-based solutions. Two General Categories of Human Needs

22. THE RIGHT APPROACH FOR THE RIGHT TARGET… RELIEF REHABILITATION DEVELOPMENT NON-POOR VULNERABLE Poverty Line POOR (MODERATE) EXTREME POOR (ABSOLUTE) DESTITUTE (INVALID, MAJOR DISASTERS, CONFLICT VICTIMS, ETC.) APPROACH TARGET Adapted from Corbett and Fikkert, “When Helping Hurts”

23. BROAD CATEGORIES OF APPROACHES TO DEVELOPMENT WORK… Institutional (e.g. training centers…) Project Extension/Technology Transfer… Community Development… Business Development Models… Disaster relief… Combination of any/all of the above… Health Care (Water, Literacy…) Eco-Tourism…

24. What is community development?

25. Community Development…. a process in which a community is strengthened in order to creatively help meet its own needs : physical, spiritual, mental, psychological, social, economic and political. It works from the premise that “all people have the right to basic food, shelter, health care, rest, education, job opportunity and security, without being excluded from or exploited by the forces of the market place.”

26. Community Development…. What it is… What it is not… Insiders working together to solve their problems… Outside experts providing all the answers… People working together for the common good… Individual entrepreneurs excelling… Successful by building capacity, capabilities, confidence, community,… About people making more money, having more things, etc. Good community development is a reflection and a fruit of the gospel transforming lives individually and then collectively….

27. WHOSE REALITY COUNTS? ROBERT CHAMBERS Whose knowledge counts? Whose values? Whose criteria and preferences? Whose appraisal, analysis and planning? Whose action? Whose monitoring and evaluation? Whose learning? Whose empowerment? Whose reality counts? Ours or theirs?

28. The Rest of the Story Game… 1. A group of herdsmen/farmers in central Asia were asked to come up with important criteria for animal fodder for their cattle. What was one of the most important to them? 2. When street lighting was installed in Anantapur, India, women in one area were pleased but in another area threw stones and broke the lights out. Why? 3. What did residents of a slum area in Manila say when they asked how their environment could be improved? 4. How did the villagers in Ndola, Zambia complete this sentence? “The poorest of the poor depend on _________?

29. WHOSE REALITY COUNTS?

35. NOT EVERYONE APPRECIATES OUR INNOVATIONS…

36. JUST “DOING SOMETHING” OVER “DOING NOTHING” IS NOT ALWAYS SOUND ADVICE…

37. MANY TIMES, OUR BEST ADVICE IS FALLS SHORT OF THE ACTUAL NEEDS…

38. EVEN THE BEST OF EXPERTS CAN BE WRONG AT TIMES…

39. NOT EVERYTHING IS AS IT APPEARS…

40. PEOPLE HAVE AN AMAZING CAPACITY FOR SOLVING THEIR OWN PROBLEMS IF THEY WANT TO…

41. SOMETIMES, IT DOESN ’T MATTER WHERE YOU BEGIN…

42. Community Development…. a process in which a community is strengthened in order to creatively help meet its own needs : physical, spiritual, mental, psychological, social, economic and political. It works from the premise that “all people have the right to basic food, shelter, health care, rest, education, job opportunity and security, without being excluded from or exploited by the forces of the market place.”

44. Community is important because… 1. It is God’s plan for people 2. It helps us live out the Christian life in accountability 3. It is the only way to accomplish God’s purpose of global evangelism 4. Makes everyone important and breaks us out of our individualism 5. It reflects as the earthly Kingdom of God and prepares us for the future Kingdom of God

45. CD Process Community Problem Awareness and Identification Community Monitoring, Evaluation and Celebration Community Solution Identification and Prioritization Building Capability Building Confidence Building Community Building Capacity Community Problem Analysis Community Planning and Implementation Christ-likeness (Character)

46. CD Process Community Problem Awareness and Identification Community Monitoring, Evaluation and Celebration Community Solution Identification and Prioritization Building Capability Building Confidence Building Community Building Capacity Community Problem Analysis Community Planning and Implementation Christ-Likeness Goat Farming Medical/ Health Care Sanitation/Housing Literacy/ Education FAITH Garden Water development Nutritional Improvement Livelihood/ Micro-enterprise Appropriate Technologies

47. Time and Participation Development Outsider Involvement Insider Involvement 1 2 3 4 5 6 The Community Development Process basic flow… Phase 1 - Entry Phase 2 - Implement Phase 3 - Exit Predetermined Exit Strategy

48. CD Measurements of success…our goals = Building capabilities… Building capacities… Building confidence… Building community… Building Christ-likeness (Character)…

49. CD – People working together to accomplish amazing things

50. COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT TOOLS

51. CD Process Community Problem Awareness and Identification Community Monitoring, Evaluation and Celebration Community Solution Identification and Prioritization Building Capability Building Confidence Building Community Building Capacity Community Problem Analysis Community Planning and Implementation Christ-likeness (Character)

52. Oral Histories Services and Opportunity Map… Situational/Trend Analyses 1. Tools for raising community awareness and problem identification… Historical Timelines Situational Mapping Focus Group Discussions Village Transects/Walks Vision Mapping Community Surveys

53. TIME LINE OF DROUGHTS AND NATURAL DISASTERS – INDIAN VILLAGE 1916-17 - Drought 1936 – Drought, school started in cowshed, cholera breakout 1939 – Drought 1956 – Drought, supply of rice from other states 1960 – Primary school set up 1962 – Land settlement 1964 – Major pest attack 1965 – Drought, milk and rice provided by government 1972 – Drought, distribution of land deeds, construction of road by panchayat 1975-78 – Four years drought 1980 – drought 1988 – Installation of tube wells 1994 – Construction of club house 1996 - Drought

54. SERVICES AND OPPORTUNITY MAP…

55. Situational Trend Analysis

56. SITUATIONAL MAPPING…

57. Vision Mapping…

58. Pair-wise Ranking * Triangulation! An important concept… Labor mapping 2. Tools for community problem analysis… Calendaring * Cause and Effect Tools Problem Tree *

59. Simple Pair-wise Ranking…

60. SEASONAL CALENDAR…

61. Cause and Effect Analyses – The Problem Tree

62. Linking situational and vision maps… Methods of decision/course of action choosing: * Ranking * Scoring * Weighting * * Voting Solution Identification Using the Problem Tree 3. Tools for community solution identification and prioritization… Resource Mapping/Venn Diagrams *

64. WEIGHTING - 10 SEED METHOD…

65. Action Planning… Community contracts/covenants… Formalized Memorandums of Agreement or Understanding (MOAs/MOUs) Community Presentation Launching Ceremony Appointment of overseer/ committee to head up project… 4. Tools for community planning and implementation…

68. GAP ANALYSIS… GOALS PROGRESS 1. Plan drawn up Done NEEDED ACTION TO BE TAKEN… 2. Present plan Done 3. Take plan to government Not done Need to get technical design for approval 4. Get design In progress 5. Present plan to village To do Completed next week March 15 meeting

70. Community Development - People working together accomplishing amazing things Building… Capabilities Capacities Confidence Community And…Christlikeness!

71. CD Process Community Problem Awareness and Identification Community Monitoring, Evaluation and Celebration Community Solution Identification and Prioritization Building Capability Building Confidence Building Community Building Capacity Community Problem Analysis Community Planning and Implementation Christ-likeness (Character)

72. DEVELOPMENTAL MINISTRIES AND EVANGELISM/DISCIPLESHIP: WHERE DO THE TWO MEET?

74. Adapted from Corbett and Fikkert Poverty of spirit Poverty of Community Poverty of stewardship Poverty of being

75. Theology of Transformation… Two NT words for the word “to form”… “ schema” = outside picture of inner working (schematic); Can literally mean, “to press into a mold; to fabricate.” “ morphoo” = inner change manifested in outward appearance (metamorphosis); Literally, “to become a new creation; to change from the inside-out.” * How do we apply this to individuals? The community? Romans 12:2 – “Do not conform (schema) = “to assume a certain form or figure…” - ACTIVE (Romans 8:29; 1 Peter 1:13-16) “ But be transformed (morphoo) = “to change or be transfigured” – PASSIVE (2 Corinthians 3:18; Philippians 3:20-21)

76. CASE STORY…. A Literacy Program as a Strategic Tool – Manobo B ’lit

77. PRACTICAL MODELS – AGRICULTURE… Animal systems Seed/plant prop and horticulture… Home gardening for food… Reforestation…

78. PRACTICAL MODELS – AGRICULTURE… Cropping systems/food security… Micro-Irrigation Projects…

79. The Four Horsemen of Mindanao – Ministry to Cousins through CD PRACTICAL MODELS….

80. PRACTICAL MODELS – HEALTH CARE… Mobile clinics and services… Simple clinic and services… Primary Health Care Education… Literacy… Village Pharmacies… Ministry to disabled…

81. Health Care, Food Security and CPM – The Kondh of India CASE STORY….

82. PRACTICAL MODELS - WATER… Wells, Springs, etc. Rainwater harvesting systems… Water Filtration/Purification Systems…

83. OTHERS MODELS – MED, MFI, ETC. Livelihood skills and startup… Small home marketing… Added value income project…

84. CASE STORY…. A Watershed Development Project and Kingdom Impact- Muslim Mindanao

85. FIVE WAYS IN WHICH WE INTEGRATE THE GOSPEL INTO OUR DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS… 1. Intense and fervent prayer 2. Investigative research where God is at work in order to join Him on His agenda (e.g. finding the person of peace or influence…) 3. Incarnational living and sharing of the gospel 4. Incorporation of values education and moral lessons 5. Intentional witness and disciplemaking

86. TOOLS OF INTENTIONAL WITNESSING AND DISCIPLEMAKING… 1. Personal experiences and testimony… 2. Bible Storying… Rev. 12:11 a. Chronological Storying… b. Thematic Storying… c. Situational Storying… 3. Others?....

87. Your Questions?

88. DEPENDENCY CHECK LIST – Please answer, “yes”, “no” or “maybe” 1. Are local Christian leaders generally opposed to this idea? 2. Does the outside support undermine or hinder the recipients ’ capacity to make their own decisions and chart their own course? 3. Does the outside support limit the recipients ’ ability to collaborate with other local Christian communities? 4. Does the outside support chip away at the recipients ’ sense of selfhood and dignity as co-laborers in the work of the gospel?

89. DEPENDENCY CHECK LIST – (Cont.) 5. Does the proportion of outside support far exceed the level of support from within the region? 6. Does the recipient ministry show partiality in their stewardship of outside support? Do they favor certain ethnic groups, churches, or individuals? 7. Does the alliance implied by the outside support alienate Christians from their local community? 8. Does the recipient insist on sending money directly to an individual rather than to the overseeing body of a church or mission?

90. DEPENDENCY CHECK LIST – (Cont.) 9. Are the program and the money for the programs both from the outside? If the outside program were not in use, would the flow of outside money stop?

91. DO ’S AND DON’TS FOR SHORT TERM MISSION TEAMS (Darrell Whiteman) 1. Do let local people determine your project. 2. Do undertake projects that are sustainable by local people. 3. Don ’t create expectations that will burden future short-term mission teams in that place. Most problems of poverty and disease are long-standing and have no simple solutions, so it is better to do the little that the short-term mission can do without making promises about what will be accomplished. 4. Don ’t do anything for others that they can do for themselves.