The 'Developer Career Masterplan' by Heather Vancura and Bruno Souza focuses on guiding software developers towards success by sharing insights gained from interviews with 26 successful developers. The presentation, led by Ed Burns, highlights key skills and strategies that include technical proficiency, community engagement, and leadership, along with emphasizing the importance of mentorship and continuous learning. Attendees can expect practical tips for enhancing their careers, ultimately driving them to read the book for more in-depth knowledge.