This project uses a Savonius structure which is very advanced and having efficiency of using 90% air ,greater than any other turbines also this structure able to rotate multiple generators so that we can able to handle multiple power stations.

1. “Design of Prototype of Savonius Multistation Power
Generation Using Non-conventional Energy Source”
Presented By
Department of Mechanical Engineering
K.D.K COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, NAGPUR
(Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur)
Session 2020-21
A Project Seminar
on
Guided By
Dr. R.H Parikh
1. Digvijay D Gabhane 4. Shubham S Gote
2. Nehal D Thakre 5. Abhishek R Kadao
3. Himanshu V Ghadge 6. Piyush N Navghare

2. Index
Introduction
Objectives
Literature Review
Block Diagrams
CAD Model
Calculations
Advantages
Applications
Progress Chart
Cost Estimation (approx.)

3.  The aim of the project is Design and Fabrication of Savonius Multistation
Power Generation Using Nonconventional Energy Source.
 This system uses an advanced savonius hybrid turbine which will rotate over
natural resource such as wind power, hydro power, and related things
having efficiency greater than aerodynamic turbine.
 The advancement of this turbine is that, this turbine not only rotate over
multiple natural resources and artificial resources but also having capability
of resources settlement into it according to multiple savonius blade
structure.
 In Aerodynamic turbines only 3-5% of air strikes on blades and remaining air
passes away without contacting the blades and hence 95 -97% of air
remains unused.
Introduction:

4.  This project uses a Savonius structure which is very advanced and having
efficiency of using 90% air ,greater than any other turbines also this
structure able to rotate multiple generators so that we can able to handle
multiple power stations.
 This Project Consists of 4 different Units:
1.Savonius Unit
2.Main Arm.
3.Sub Arm
4.Multi-station Generator Unit
 The advantages of this project as compared to other system is that, on
one single Savonius structure unit we can able to rotate multiple power
substation and other power station uses single turbine which will rotate
only single generator. So power output is more efficient than that normal.
This project we can able to implement at industries, factories, agricultural
areas, home, airport, hill station and artificial creations.
Introduction:.

5. OBJECTIVES:
To Design Advanced hybrid multiple resources based
Savonius Structure so that able access large energy from
multiple resources.
To design main arm and sub arm structure so that with
minimum energy able to rotate with large RPM.
To study and design generator functionality and its
working.
To calculate gear, savonius structure and respective
parameter.

6. “Performance Augmentation of V- Bladed Savonius Wind Turbine “
International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology
(IJEAT) ISSN: 2249 – 8958, Volume-9 Issue-2, December, 2019
A Vivek Anand, M Sathyanarayana Gupta, J Sahana, P Shanmuga
Priya, V Hariprasad
In this work, we have compared the performance of the Savonius
turbine with five different blade designs. Initially, the flow around
the different blade designs has been analyzed through
computational fluid dynamics. Subsequently, the turbine blades
were fabricated using light-weight materials like Aluminium sheet
metal and tested in the low speed wind tunnel. The performance
of the turbine has been characterized by measuring its rotational
speed (in terms of RPM) and the amount of torque produced at
different wind velocities. Based on the wind tunnel tests we were
able to conclude that among the five blade designs, the V-shaped
blade with an interior angle of 60 ̊has the highest coefficient of
power of 0.09 at 12.6 m/s.
LITERATURE REVIEW 1

7. “Design, simulation and construction of a Savonius wind rotor for
subsidized houses in Mexico”
Energy Procedia 57 ( 2014 ) 691 – 697 Link: www.sciencedirect.com
R. D. Maldonado, E. Huerta , J. E. Corona , O. Ceh , A. I. Leon-Castillo,
M. P. Gomez-Acosta , E. Mendoza-Andrade
In this work a detailed study of Savonius wind rotor was
investigated in order to obtain the optimal characteristics. The
designed. Simulations of the interaction between the flow of air
and blades were developed through finite element analysis. A
result of these simulations shows the velocity distribution of the
profile blades. In the same way, it was obtained the profile
pressure due the velocities profiles. The formations of vortices
were studied with the finality to improve the performance of the
Savonius rotor. Blades with different geometry and gap distance
between the blades were simulated, the results shown better
geometry for the blade and gap distance between blades that
improved the power coefficient (Cp) of the Savonius rotor.
LITERATURE REVIEW 2

8. “A Technical Review of Building Integrated Wind Turbine System
and a Sample Simulation Model in Central Java, Indonesia”
Energy Procedia 47 ( 2014 ) 29 – 36 Link: www.sciencedirect.com
Dany Perwita Sari, Wida Banar Kusumaningrum
This paper investigated the potential of wind energy on the
building based on location in Central Java Province, Indonesia. The
results show that overall, Yogyakarta and Semarang, offers a much
higher wind potential than other location. Four different sample
models for buildings and houses are explained with CFD models.
This study reports the investigation results of wind energy
potential in building especially in Yogyakarta and Semarang. Hence,
Yogyakarta has potential for high rise building that integrated with
wind turbine and Semarang has potential for roof mounted-micro
wind turbine..
LITERATURE REVIEW 3

9. “An experimental study on the performance of Savonius wind
turbines related with the number of blades”
Energy Procedia 68 ( 2015 ) 297 – 304
Frederikus Wenehenubun, Andy Saputra, Hadi Sutanto
The experimental study conducted in this paper aims to investigate
the effect of number of blades on the performance of the model of
Savonius type wind turbine. The experiments used to compare 2,
3, and 4 blades wind turbines to show tip speed ratio, torque and
power coefficient related with wind speed. A simulation using
ANSYS 13.0 software will show pressure distribution of wind
turbine. The results of study showed that number of blades
influence the performance of wind turbine. Savonius model with
three blades has the best performance at high tip speed ratio. The
highest tip speed ratio is 0.555 for wind speed of 7 m/s.
LITERATURE REVIEW 4

10. “Improving safety and performance of small scale vertical axis wind
turbines”
Procedia Engineering 49 ( 2012 ) 99 – 106
Joshua Yen, Noor Ahmed
Improving wind turbine blade aerodynamic performance has been
investigated using passive vortex generators , as well as active flow
control techniques such as blowing . Zero-net mass flux (ZNMF)
actuation is an alternative flow control technique that has been
traditionally employed to delay static stall and mitigate flow
separation on aircraft wings. As its name suggests, there is no net
transfer of mass, but enhances surrounding flow through a non-
zero transfer of momentum. This can be achieved using an
oscillating piston or diaphragm operating within an enclosed cavity
through an orifice. Additionally, this arrangement avoids the need
for fluid reservoirs and complex plumbing necessary for steady
blowing or suction.
LITERATURE REVIEW 5

11. “Performance of a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine under Accelerating
and Decelerating Flows”
Procedia CIRP 11 ( 2013 ) 311 – 316
Atif Shahzad, Taimoor Asim, Rakesh Mishra, Achilleos Paris
In this work an attempt to use Computational Fluid Dynamic’s
techniques to study and analyse the performance of a wind turbine
under accelerating and decelerating air inlet velocity. The
performance of a VAWT is monitored under an accelerated and
decelerated gust of the value1.09m/s² characterised by change in
velocity from 4m/sec to 10m/sec. The instantaneous torque output
varies significantly when a gust of air is applied to the turbine.
Furthermore the torque outputs during accelerating and
decelerating flows vary, highlighting the effect of transient
phenomena. This abrupt change in the instantaneous torque
output of the turbine may give rise to highly transient loads on the
turbine’s structure which may induce heavy stresses on the turbine
leading to structural failure. It has been shown that CFD can be
used as an effective tool to predict the performance outputs of a
VAWT under varying flow conditions
LITERATURE REVIEW 6

12. “Design, modelling and economic performance of a vertical axis
wind turbine”
Energy Reports 4 (2018) 619–623 www.elsevier.com
Sahishnu R. Shah, Rakesh Kumar, Kaamran Raahemifar, Alan S. Fung
This research was to design and modelling of a small-scale VAWT,
which can be used to meet the power for low demand
applications. Two new shapes of Savonius rotor blades were
examined in terms of their rotational performances against the
conventional straight and the curved blades. MATLAB simulation
was utilized to develop a mathematical model, which comprised of
wind power coefficient, tip speed ratio, mechanical and electrical
subcomponents. The measured results of developed turbine were
used for the validation of the model. The aims were to analyse the
turbine blade shapes, develop a mathematical algorithm, and to
establish the techno economic performance of the new curved
shape design.
LITERATURE REVIEW 7

13. “Unsteady flow simulation of a vertical axis augmented wind
turbine: A two-dimensional study ”
J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn.125(2014)168–179
Rosario Nobile, Maria Vahdati, Janet F. Barlow, Anthony Mewburn.
a 2D computational investigation of an augmented wind turbine is
proposed and analysed. In the initial CFD analysis, three
parameters are carefully investigated: mesh resolution; turbulence
model; and time step size. It appears that the mesh resolution and
the turbulence resolution; turbulence model; and time step size. It
appears that the mesh resolution and the turbulence small impact
on the numerical results. In the CFD validation of the open rotor
with secondary data, the numerical results are in good agreement
in terms of shape. It is, however, observed a discrepancy factor of 2
between numerical and experimental data. Successively, the
introduction of an omnidirectional stator around the wind turbine
increases the power and torque coefficients by around30–35%
when compared to the open case; but attention needs to be given
to the orientation of the stator blades for optimum performance. It
is found that the power and torque coefficients of the augmented
wind turbine are independent of the incident wind speed
considered
LITERATURE REVIEW 8

14. “ESTIMATION OF WIND POWER POTENTIAL FOR PASNI, COAST OF
BALUCHISTAN, PAKISTAN”
Journal of Research (Science), Bahauddin Zakariya University,
Multan, Pakistan. Vol.15, No.4, December 2004, pp. 455-460
In this paper a preliminary investigation of the potential of
wind power generation employing six years (1995 to 2000) of wind
speed data obtained from Pakistan Meteorological Department
Karachi office is made. The maximum available and extractable
wind power is calculated. The power output for slow and fast wind
machine with different blade diameters has been calculated. The
performance of a 4 KW aero generator for Pasni has also been
examined.
The data for this study was obtained from Pakistan
Meteorological Department Karachi office. The data consisted of six
years duration (1995 to 2000). It is monthly average wind speed
calculated at a height of 10 m.
LITERATURE REVIEW 9

15. “Computational study to assess the influence of overlap ratio on
static torque characteristics of a vertical axis wind turbine”
2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection
This paper presents an unsteady two-dimensional
computational study in order to observe the effect of overlap ratios
on static torque characteristics of a vertical axis wind turbine
(VAWT). The study is performed with the help of a finite volume
based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software package Fluent
6.3. The computational model is a two-bladed conventional VAWT
having overlap ratios of 0, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25 and 0.30. Initially, a
comparative analysis is made using various k turbulence models
and then the results are compared with the experimental data
available in literature. A realizable k turbulence model with
enhanced wall treatment is found suitable for further
computational analysis. The flow field around the turbine model is
also studied with the help of static pressure contour analysis.
Based on this computational study, it is realized that an overlap
ratio of 0.20 eliminates the effects of negative static torque
coefficient, provides a low static torque variation at different
turbine angular positions and also gives a higher mean static
torque coefficient as compared to the other overlap ratios.
LITERATURE REVIEW 10

16. “MAGNETICALLY LEVITATED VERTICAL-AXIS WIND TURBINE”
IJAREEIE Vol. 5, Issue 3, March 2016
Yogesh Gaidhane , Ketkee Choudhari , Priya Bhadang , K shipra
Zalke
This project dwells on the implementation of an alternate
configuration of a wind turbine for power generation purposes.
Using the effects of magnetic repulsion, spiral shaped wind
turbine blades will be fitted on a rod for stability during rotation
and suspended on magnets as a replacement for ball bearings
which are normally used on conventional wind turbines. Power
will then be generated with an axial flux generator, which
incorporates the use of permanent magnets and a set of coils. A
SEPIC converter will then be used to regulate the varying voltage
from the rectifier to output a steady DC voltage
LITERATURE REVIEW 11

17. “Numerical calculation of wind loads over solar collectors”
Energy Procedia 49 ( 2014 ) 163 – 173 www.sciencedirect.com
M. Mier-Torrecilla, E. Herrera and M. Doblare
In this paper, CFD has been used as a “virtual” wind tunnel to
compute the three-dimensional flow around a single model-scale
module for a range of yaw and pitch angles, and the resultant load
coefficients have been compared with those obtained
experimentally in a physical wind tunnel. After validation against
experimental data, the computational methodology has been
applied to compute the wind loads on a full-scale module (including
the complete supporting structure) and an array configuration of
such modules. It will be shown that the relative mean errors of the
numerical results with respect to the reference experimental data
are within 10%, thus of the same order as experimental
uncertainty.
LITERATURE REVIEW 12

18. “Performance of a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine under Accelerating
and Decelerating Flows”
2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
This study is an attempt to use Computational Fluid Dynamic’s
techniques to study and analyse the performance of a wind turbine
under accelerating and decelerating air inlet velocity. The
performance of a VAWT is monitored under an accelerated and
decelerated gust of the value 1.09m/s² characterised by change in
velocity from 4m/sec to 10m/sec. The instantaneous torque output
varies significantly when a gust of air is applied to the turbine.
Furthermore the torque outputs during accelerating and
decelerating flows vary, highlighting the effect of transient
phenomena. This abrupt change in the instantaneous torque output
of the turbine may give rise to highly transient loads on the turbine’s
structure which may induce heavy stresses on the turbine leading to
structural failure. It has been shown that CFD can be used as an
effective tool to predict the performance outputs of a VAWT under
varying flow conditions.
LITERATURE REVIEW 13

19. “LOAD DATA ANALYSIS FOR WIND TURBINE GEARBOXES”
Bernd Niederstucke, Andreas Anders, Peter Dalhoff, Rainer
Grzybowski Germanischer Lloyd Wind Energie GmbH
Johannisbollwerk 6-8, 20459 Hamburg
Gearboxes for wind turbines have to ensure highest
reliability over a period of approximately 20 years, withstanding
high dynamic loads. At the same time lightweight design and cost
minimization are required. These demands can only be met by a
thought-out design, high-quality materials, high production quality
and maintenance. In order to design a reliable and lightweight
gearbox it is necessary to describe the loads acting on the gearbox
as exact as possible. For fatigue this can be done by using the load-
duration-distribution (LDD) of the torque at the input shaft. In the
following the fatigue resistance of a gearbox will be analysed using
the torque-LDD. Methods of calculating the life time of gearings
and bearings with a given LDD will be described. The influence of
the mean wind speed on the life time of teeth and bearings will be
pointed out.
LITERATURE REVIEW 14

20. “Hybrid Power Generation by Solar & Vertical Axis Wind Turbine”
IJIR Vol. 6, Issue 10, October 2018
October 2018
Wind are the renewable which can produces a huge amount
of power. The power from wind current can be extracted using a
vertical axis turbine/horizontal axis turbine. Vertical axis turbine
is capable of extracting power form wind regardless of the
direction of flow. The solar PV cells absorb the radiation of sun
and converting it into the electrical power. The wind mill is
capable to extracted energy in day and night time while the solar
PV cell is capable to get power only during day time. The
combination of this hybrid system will be beneficial in future
aspects. The objectives of this paper is „Hybrid power generation
by using solar cell /solar energy and wind mill energy, with the
help of solar tracking and vertical axis wind turbine‟. The VAWT
(Vertical Axis Wind Turbine) can tap wind energy from any
direction and VAWT are more profitable in nature. That why we
have used the VAWT with solar tracking hybrid power generation.
The vertical axis turbine has much better self- starting characters
and better conversion efficiency at lower flaw speed.
LITERATURE REVIEW 15

21. Block Diagrams
Block Diagram of Savonius Unit:
CONT.

22. Block Diagrams.
Savonius Unit with DC Transmission:
CONT.

23. Block Diagrams
Savonius Unit with AC Transmission
CONT.

24. Block Diagrams
Savonius Unit with Two Sided Arm:
CONT.

25. Front view
CAD MODEL
Main Assembly

26. Top view
CAD MODEL

27. Side view
CAD MODEL

28. FRAME
BLADES
CAD MODEL

29. BIG GEAR
BEARING
CAD MODEL

30. GEAR
GENERATOR
CAD MODEL

31. CAD MODEL
GENERATOR PARTS
CASING COPPER WINDING BRUSH
STAMPED PLATE MOTOR SHAFT SNAL GEAR

32. Design calculations for bucket
MECHANICAL POWER
Mechanical Power (Pm)= Cp x Pair
But, Pair=
1
2
x mV2
=
1
2
ρAV3
Where,
Pair= Power by air impact
Cp = Power coefficient
ρ = Density of air
V = Velocity of air
A = Area of rotor
Now, we know
Cp = 0.245 …… (From standard power
coefficient / tip speed ratio diagram)
Literature
So, Cp = 0.245
ρ = 1.225 kg/m3
(density of air)
V = 4 to 14 m/s ……… (Assume, V = 4 m/s as
per low wind speed region)
A = 0.403 m2
Put all these value in above equation,
∴ Pm =
1
2
x 1.225 x 0.403 x 53
x 0.245
∴ 𝐏𝐦 = 4.917 watt

33. Design calculations for bucket
DRAG FORCE
Used the cfd (computational fluid dynamics) for calculating the co-efficient of drag
which is used in the calculation of drag force. cfd generates a graph of co-efficient of
drag against the number of iterations performs. The input used in cfd is the velocity of
wind i.e. 5 m/s.
∴ FD=
1
2
ρAV2
x CD
Where, FD= drag force
ρ = Density of air
V =Velocity of air
A = Area of rotor
CD = co-efficient of drag
∴ 𝐅𝐃= 14.81 N
Known values,
ρ = 1.225 kg/m3
V = 4 m/s
A = 0.403 m2
∴ CD= 3.75 ……

34. Design calculations for gear
(1) Rated Torque (T) = 2.2kg-cm = 0.215 N-m
Speed(N) = 300 rpm
(from the manufacturer of the generator)
(2)Rate Power (PR) =
2𝜋𝑁𝑇
60
=
2×𝜋×300×0.215
60
∴ PR = 6.754 KW
R.P.M. for Gear (NG) = 80 RPM
RPM for Pinion (NP) = 300 RPM
(3) Design power (Pd) = PR x kl
Taking Load Factor (kl) = 1.80 for medium shocks 24 hrs./day service.
∴Pd = 6.754 × 103
× 1.80
∴Pd = 12.15 × 103
𝑤

35. Design calculations for gear
(4) Tooth Load (𝑓𝑡) =
𝑃𝑑
𝑉𝑝
Where 𝑉
𝑝 = pitch line velocity
𝑉
𝑝 =
𝜋𝐷𝑝𝑁𝑝
60×103 =
𝜋×𝐷𝑝×300
60×103
Assuming 200 full depth of pinion teeth,
Take tp = 20
Where, tp = No. of teeth on pinion
Dp = m x tp
Dp = m x 20 ------------ (where m = module)
𝑉
𝑝 =
𝜋×𝑀×20×30
60×103
= 0.314 𝑚
𝑓𝑡 =
12.15×103
0.314 𝑚
=
38.694×103
𝑚
---------- (1)

36. Design calculations for gear
(4) Bending strength (FB) so, Cv, b,y,m,
Assuming material SAE 2320 alloy steel
So= 350 MPa ------------ so = Basic stress for Gears
Cv = 0.3 ------------------- trial value
b = face width = 10 x m
Modified Lewis form factor (y) = 0.485 –
2.87
𝑡𝑝
For Pinion = 𝑦𝑝 = 0.341
Also velocity Ratio =
𝑁𝑝
𝑁𝐺
=
𝑡𝐺
𝑡𝑝
=
300
80
=
𝑡𝐺
20
𝑡𝐺 = 75 No. of teeth on Gear.
yG for Gear = yG = 0.485 –
2.87
𝑡𝐺
= 0.446
Now, check for strength of Gear & pinion.
For pinion, (so y) G = 350 x 0.341 = 119.35 N
For Gear (so. y) G= 350 x 0.446 = 156.1 N
(𝑠𝑜. 𝑦)𝑝< (𝑠𝑜. 𝑦)𝐺
Design is safe & taking S0 = 119.35 N
Bending strength P3 = 119.35 x 0.3 x 10 x m x m
FB = 358.05 m2 --------- (2)

37. Power Calculations
∴For 300 RPM
Voltage Rating = 12 V
Current Rating =1.66 amp
Power = voltage × current
Power = 12 × 1.66 = 19.92
Total Power = 8 × 19.92 = 159.36 = 160 watt
∴For 250 RPM
Voltage Rating = 10 V
Current rating = 1.33 amp
Power = Voltage × current
Power = 10 × 1.33 = 13.3
Total Power = 8 × 13.3 =106.4 = 107 watt
∴For 200 RPM
Voltage Rating = 08 V
Current Rating = 1.1 amp
Power = Voltage × current
Power = 8 × 1.1 = 8.8
Total Power = 8 × 8.8 = 70.4 =71 watt
Total power=total generators × each system power output
System have used 8 generators

38. Advantages:
1. The ability to operate with low wind speeds
2. Having a vertical axis, the Savonius turbine continues to work
effectively even if the wind changes direction.
3. Because the Savonius design works well even at low wind speeds,
there’s no need for a tower or other expensive structure to hold it
in place, greatly reducing the initial setup cost.
4. The device is quiet so low noise is an advantage , easy to build, and
relatively small.
5. Because the turbine is close to the ground, maintenance is easy.
6. Due to it’s relative small size can be mounted easily on sheeps,
high-rise buildings.

39. Applications:
1. Highway power generation.
2. Can be used in the Ships to generate electricity useful inside
ship
3. On the roof of the high-rise and multistory building.
4. Useful at industries , factories and agricultural industries.
5. The project is useful at airports, hill stations.
6. Rural areas where availability of electricity is rare thus can
produce electricity and transmit further.

40. Project topic
research
Project topic
finalization
Literature review
Design calculations
CAD modelling and
design
Review paper
publishing
Monthly status August,2
5
2020
Septemb
er,25
2020
October,
25
2020
Novemb
er,25
2020
Decemb
er,25
2020
January
,25
2020
Fabuura
y,25
2020
March,2
5 2020
Activities
In progress
7th semester project work progress chart

41. Final outline of
project fabrication
Fabrication
Testing from time to
time
Research paper
publishing
Thesis work
Submission
Monthly status Fabruray
,25 2020
March,2
5 2020
April,25
2020
May,25
2020
June ,25
2020
July ,25
2020
Activities
Future plan for 8th semester project work
Expected

42. Cost Estimation (approx.)
SR.NO DESCRIPTION QUANTITY UNIT PRICE AMOUNT
1 Generator 8 500 4000
2 Chassis 1 ---- 3500-4000
3 Metal Plates/
Panel Bucket
4 700 2800-3000
4 Machine
Bending And
Smoothing
____ ____ 200-400
5 Shaft 5 to 8 ft. ---- 800-1000
6 Lathe Passing +
turning
___ ___ 500
7 Bulbs 8 400 3200
8 Bearings 8-10 100/400 2000-3000
9 Gears 10 ---- 4000
10 Misc. ---- ---- 2000
TOTAL 20000-25000