The document discusses various research methodologies, including descriptive research, mixed methods research, meta-analysis, epidemiology, and longitudinal studies. It outlines the purpose and types of descriptive research, emphasizing observational methods, case studies, and surveys. The document also highlights the significance of these methodologies in health research and provides links to relevant articles and videos for further exploration.

1. Descriptive Research
Descriptive
research
is a study designed to depict the participants in an accurate
way. More simply put, descriptive analysis is all about
describing people who take part in the survey.
There are three ways a researcher can go about doing a
descriptive research project, and they are:
Observational, defined as a method of viewing and recording
the participants
Case study, defined as an in-depth study of an individual or
group of individuals
Survey, defined as a brief interview or discussion with an
individual about a specific topic
Descriptive Blog: The 3 Basic Types of Descriptive Research
Methods
https://psychcentral.com/blog/the-3-basic-types-of-descriptive-
research-methods/
Video: Descriptive Research Design

2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jhPWBahCvQM
Mixed Methods Research
Mixed
methods
research
(Extracted from the article below) is the use of quantitative and
qualitative methods in a single study or series of studies. It is a
new methodology that is increasingly used by health
researchers, especially within health services research. There is
a growing literature on the theory, design, and critical appraisal
of mixed methods research. However, few papers summarize
this methodological approach for health practitioners who wish
to conduct or critically engage with mixed methods studies.
Article: Using Mixed Methods in Health Research
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3697857/
Mixed Methods
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1OaNiTlpyX8
Meta-Analysis
Meta
-
analysis
is a statistical technique for combining data from multiple
studies on a particular topic. A Meta-analysis is an analytical
tool for estimating the mean and variance of underlying
population effects from a collection of empirical studies
addressing ostensibly the same research question. Meta‐analysis

3. has become an increasingly popular and valuable tool in
psychological research, and significant review articles typically
employ these methods.
Article: Meta-Analysis in Medical Research
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3049418/
Video Meta-Analysis (An Introduction)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RqmgKg5jTLE
Epidemiology
According to the Centers for Disease Control,
Epidemiology
is the method used to find the causes of health outcomes and
diseases in populations. In epidemiology, the patient is the
community and individuals are viewed collectively. By
definition, epidemiology is the study (scientific, systematic, and
data-driven) of the distribution (frequency, pattern) and
determinants (causes, risk factors) of health-related states and
events (not just diseases) in specified populations
(neighborhood, school, city, state, country, global).
Article: Epidemiology is a Science of High Importance
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-04243-3.pdf
Video: Epidemiology
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S5XRh47T420
Longitudinal Studies
Longitudinal Study, an epidemiologic study that follows a

4. population forward over time, evaluating the effects of one or
more variables on a process. If individuals are followed, it is
termed a longitudinal cohort study. If classes—e.g., age
classes—are studied, it is a longitudinal cross-sectional study.
Longitudinal studies are the converse (opposite) of horizontal
(parallel) studies.
Article Longitudinal Studies
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4669300/
Video (A Lecture Recording): Longitudinal Studies
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ioayy73PvsE