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- Describe why measuring the response of plant productivity (NPP) to independent N and P additions is a better predictor of nutrient limitation than measuring the N:P stoichiometry of leaves ? - Soil minerals have electrostatic charge. The charge is - The ideal C/N ratio of microbe food (plant litter or soil organic matter) is greater than the C/N ratio of microbial biomass. Why? Solution 1.Foliar nutrients, especially nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations ([N] and [P]) and their ratio, have been used widely as indicators of plant nutritional status and have been linked directly to nutrient limitation of NPP. In tropical systems, however, a high number of confounding factors can limit the ability to predict nutrient limitation —as defined mechanistically by NPP responses to fertilization— based on the stoichiometric signal of the plant community. Also.consistent with NPP responses to fertilization, there will be no changes in community-wide foliar [N] and [P].life history traits can become more important controls over tissue nutrient concentrations and the stoichiometric signal of the plant community. 2.Physical adsorption. Electric charges on soil colloids arise from principally three sources: from isomorphous substitution of one ion by another of different valency within the clay mineral structure. This gives rise to mainly negative charges. The charges are permanent and do not change with change in pH of the external solution. from ionisation of OH groups attached to the Al, Si, Fe at the edges of clay minerals. The charges created by this process are negative, zero or positive depending on the pH. from ionisation of - NH2, - OH and - COOH functional groups in the organic matter of soils. This too gives rise to positive, neutral and negative charges depending on the pH. 3.Carbon to Nitrogen ratio (C:N) is a ratio of the mass of carbon to the mass of nitrogen in a substance. Because soil microorganisms burn carbon as a source of energy, not all of the carbon a soil microorganism eats remains in its body; a certain amount is lost as carbon dioxide during respiration. To acquire the carbon and nitrogen a soil microorganism needs to stay alive (body maintenance + energy) it needs a diet with a C:N ratio near 24:1, with 16 parts of carbon used for energy and eight parts for maintenance. Since wheat straw contains a greater proportion of carbon to nitrogen than the 24:1 perfectly balanced diet soil microorganisms require, the microbes will have to find additional nitrogen to go with the excess carbon to consume the wheat straw. This additional nitrogen will have to come from any excess nitrogen available in the soil. As soil microorganisms tie up excess nitrogen (immobilization), this situation could create a deficit of nitrogen in the soil until some of them die, decompose, and release nitrogen (mineralization) contained in their bodies, or some other source of nitrogen becomes available in the soil.up excess nitrogen (immobilization), this si.
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![- Describe why measuring the response of plant productivity (NPP) to independent N and P
additions is a better predictor of nutrient limitation than measuring the N:P stoichiometry of
leaves ?
- Soil minerals have electrostatic charge. The charge is
- The ideal C/N ratio of microbe food (plant litter or soil organic matter) is greater than the C/N
ratio of microbial biomass. Why?
Solution
1.Foliar nutrients, especially nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations ([N] and [P]) and their
ratio, have been used widely as indicators of plant nutritional status and have been linked directly
to nutrient limitation of NPP. In tropical systems, however, a high number of confounding
factors can limit the ability to predict nutrient limitation —as defined mechanistically by NPP
responses to fertilization— based on the stoichiometric signal of the plant community.
Also.consistent with NPP responses to fertilization, there will be no changes in community-wide
foliar [N] and [P].life history traits can become more important controls over tissue nutrient
concentrations and the stoichiometric signal of the plant community.
2.Physical adsorption.
Electric charges on soil colloids arise from principally three sources:
from isomorphous substitution of one ion by another of different valency within the clay mineral
structure. This gives rise to mainly negative charges. The charges are permanent and do not
change with change in pH of the external solution.
from ionisation of OH groups attached to the Al, Si, Fe at the edges of clay minerals. The
charges created by this process are negative, zero or positive depending on the pH.
from ionisation of - NH2, - OH and - COOH functional groups in the organic matter of soils.
This too gives rise to positive, neutral and negative charges depending on the pH.
3.Carbon to Nitrogen ratio (C:N) is a ratio of the mass of carbon to the mass of nitrogen in a
substance. Because soil microorganisms burn carbon as a source of energy, not all of the carbon
a soil microorganism eats remains in its body; a certain amount is lost as carbon dioxide during
respiration. To acquire the carbon and nitrogen a soil microorganism needs to stay alive (body
maintenance + energy) it needs a diet with a C:N ratio near 24:1, with 16 parts of carbon used for
energy and eight parts for maintenance. Since wheat straw contains a greater proportion of
carbon to nitrogen than the 24:1 perfectly balanced diet soil microorganisms require, the
microbes will have to find additional nitrogen to go with the excess carbon to consume the wheat
straw. This additional nitrogen will have to come from any excess nitrogen available in the soil.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/describewhymeasuringtheresponseofplantproductivitynppto-230707231309-6d3f3407/85/Describe-why-measuring-the-response-of-plant-productivity-NPP-to-pdf-1-320.jpg)
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- Organisms are classified based on their method of nutrition as either autotrophs (producers) or heterotrophs (consumers, detritivores, saprotrophs). Energy and nutrients flow through ecosystems via trophic levels.
- Carbon and nutrient cycles like nitrogen and phosphorus are essential for continued availability of those elements
Ecosystem ecology of environment
This document discusses key concepts of ecosystems, including their components, interactions, and limitations. The major points covered are:
- An ecosystem consists of organisms interacting with each other and their environment. It is characterized by nutrient cycling, energy flow, and structure.
- Components include abiotic factors like sunlight and biotic factors like producers, consumers, and decomposers. Nutrients and energy move through food chains and webs between trophic levels.
- Ecosystems are linked by cycles like carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen that recirculate materials. Nutrient availability can limit ecosystem development according to the laws of maximum and minimum.
- Environmental factors like light, temperature, water, wind, top
Concept of ecosystem
This document provides an overview of ecosystems, including:
1. The definition of an ecosystem as the structural and functional unit of ecology encompassing the interaction between biotic and abiotic components.
2. The key characteristics, structure, and functions of ecosystems, such as energy flow, nutrient cycling, and trophic levels.
3. Details on primary productivity, decomposition, and the flow of energy through food chains and webs within ecosystems.
The document is intended for educational purposes and provides information compiled from various sources on the basic concepts of ecosystems.
Similar to - Describe why measuring the response of plant productivity (NPP) to.pdf (20)
Primary and secondary production, landscape ecology and ecological modeling.
Primary and secondary production, landscape ecology and ecological modeling.
Energy in Ecosystem pattern of flow of energy through the ecosystem and food ...
Energy in Ecosystem pattern of flow of energy through the ecosystem and food ...
More from Rahul04August
Why soot formation is only observed in diffusion flames I need deta.pdf
why invert an op-amp?
why invert an op-amp?
why invert an op-amp?
Solution
In real life (practical) many systems existed with negative feedback . And negative feedback
improves the dc stability and also decrease gain margin . To achieve negative feedback from op
amp we invert it . So generally invert op amp used..
Which one is the correct answer Which is not a KEY characteristic o.pdf
Which of the following statements about prokaryotes is false?a) Prokaryotes are incredibly
abundant and basically everywhere
Solution
c) Bacteria do not produce resting spores. Only fungi and slime molds make use of spores
Many species of bacteria like Clostridium, Bacillus,tetanus etc are known to produce spores.
There are different types of spores includingendospores,exospores, and spore-like structures
calledmicrobial cysts. Each of these aid the bacteria in survival and serve as protection for the
cell.There are different types of spores includingendospores,exospores, and spore-like structures
calledmicrobial cysts. Each of these aid the bacteria in survival and serve as protection for the
cell.Spores help bacteria to survive by being resistant to extreme changes in the bacteria\'s
habitat including extreme temperatures, lack of moisture/drought, or being exposed to chemicals
and radiation. Bacterial spores can also survive at low nutrient levels and antibiotics and
disinfectants are usually ineffective against spores.
c) Bacteria do not produce resting spores. Only fungi and slime molds make use of spores
Many species of bacteria like Clostridium, Bacillus,tetanus etc are known to produce spores.
There are different types of spores includingendospores,exospores, and spore-like structures
calledmicrobial cysts. Each of these aid the bacteria in survival and serve as protection for the
cell.There are different types of spores includingendospores,exospores, and spore-like
structures calledmicrobial cysts. Each of these aid the bacteria in survival and serve as
protection for the cell.Spores help bacteria to survive by being resistant to extreme changes in
the bacteria\'s habitat including extreme temperatures, lack of moisture/drought, or being
exposed to chemicals and radiation. Bacterial spores can also survive at low nutrient levels and
antibiotics and disinfectants are usually ineffective against spores..
Which of the following statements about prokaryotes is falsea) Prok.pdf
Which of the following statements about amino acids is true? Most of the amino acids used in
protein biosynthesis have charged side chains. All amino acids contain an NH_2 and a COOH
group Twenty-two amino acids are commonly found in proteins. Amino acids are often linked
together to form branched polymers.
Solution
Correct answer is :B.All aminoacids contains an NH2 group and a COOH group.
Reason:NH2 group, COOH group and R group are always included in the structure of
aminoacids..
What type of computer would integrate the system unit (chassis and co.pdf
what parts of the external environment ( general, industry, and competitive) do you believe BP
considered or didn\'t consider prior to drilling off the gulf coast? what should the wedding
business owners now consider in their external envieonment?
Solution
Parts which BP considereed prior to deilling off the gulf coast are economic,
legal/political,global segment,and technology segments in the general environment and it also
considers all the facets of industry and competitive environment that may have been their
primary motivator in drilling off the gulf coast.
BP dont considers General: demographic, sociocultural, and physical environment fully.
Wedding business owners need to considersdemographic changes for geographic migration,
economic segments particularly for rebuilding, the political/legal segment regarding the impact
on their business of additional oil company regulation of oil drilling and operations, sociocultural
preferences, technology requirements to avoid future business loss, the global segment regarding
international company infiltration, and the physical environment to react and overcome disasters
in the future.
What is the physical meaning of each term in the below equation DM_.pdf
The equation describes the conservation of mass and momentum over time within a system. The first term represents the total rate of change of mass or momentum over time. The second term gives the local rate of change within the system. The third term accounts for the flux of mass or momentum across the boundaries of the system due to convection.
What is the difference between a nucleotide sequence and a protein s.pdf
What is NOT the characteristics of vertically integrated manufacturing? a. flexibility b. quality
c. sustainability d. non-consistency With respect to the guest lecturer from Crown. Lean means
to create more value for with fewer resources. In the house of lean diagram - What is the lean
terminology described here? \"Continuous improvement, cross-functional training of
employees\" a. Leadership b. Operational Stability C. Kanban d. Kaizen What is the
definition of following description? \"All of the steps (both VA and NVA) required to bring a
product or service from conception through to the customer, and from design concept through
product launch\" Stream What is NOT included in one of 8 types of waste acronym? a. Defects
b. Overproduction c. Non utilized resource d. Lead time
Solution
8 types are....
Defects
Overproduction
Waiting
Not utilizing talent
Transportation
Inventory excess
Motion waste
Excess processing
hence in question no 5 ......leading time is not included hence option d is correct..
types of becterias and diseases that come from of wrong storing food.pdf
types of becterias and diseases that come from of wrong storing food?
Solution
Salmonella: There are found mainly the intestines,bowels and faeces of humans and other
animals. It is the salmonella bacteria themselves which can cause salmonella food poising.
2. Staphylococcus:
These bacteria are foun on the skin,in sore,infected eyes and in the nose,throat,saliva and bowel
of humans. There may be many of these bacteria in the yellow mucus which comes from the
nose or is coughed up when a person has a cold or a lung infection.
3.Clostridium:
Soil and intestine of animals,including cattle,poultry,fish and humans .These are very common
bacterias in the environment.
4.Campylobacter:
Found in many animals includung dogs,cats,cattle and poultry. The sources of infection from
these bacteria are usually contaminated food and water..
Two white mice mate. The male has both a white and black fur-colo.pdf
Two white mice mate. The male has both a white and black fur-color-gene. The females has
only white fur-color genes. The fur color of the offspring depends on the pairs of fur-color genes
that they recieve. Assume that neither the white nor black gene dominates. List the possible
Solution
Now all possible outcomes are:
(white , white) (black, white)
Prob = 0.75 for (white, white) and 0.25 for (black, white).
Two chains are available to hold up an object. A student arranges t.pdf
Two chains are available to hold up an object. A student arranges the object and either one or
two chains according to the diagrams shown here. Which arrangement generates the most tension
in one chain? B D C A
Solution
Answer is 2nd option : D
Remaining B and C objects arrange two chainsand
object A arrange single chain but this not the answer.
This is a modeling problem in Interger programming.We have a probl.pdf
This is a modeling problem in Interger programming.
We have a problem that dealt with different cities—some city that have factories that made an
item and others that didn’t have factories. There are specific capacities on each of the routes
between cities (“number of trains”). Each city had a demand of the items that had to be fulfilled.
Items could be shipped to cities that are not adjacent as well (with a connection through another
city/cities). We had to find a way fulfill these constraints that minimized the cost of
transportation.
Solution
In order to approach these problems with no data, there will be demand of different items
Let us suppose there are 3 items I1,I2,I3 and demands of which are D1,D2 and D3
Then the demands of all the three items must be fulfilled, items can be shipped from other cities
i.e. D1 can send an item through D3, if there exists a path from D1 to D3 by connecting over
other cities
Please provide the constraints.
There is a surge of mergers and acquisitions among television networ.pdf
There is a surge of mergers and acquisitions among television networks, entertainment, and
internet-related companies since 2010. Some have been completed, some have been stopped by
regulators, and others are still in progress. How are these different from the AOL-Time Warner
merger of the year 2000? Are the recent mergers and acquisitions likely to be successful? Why or
why not?
Solution
A decade ago, America Online merged with Time Warner in a deal valued at a stunning $350
billion. It was then, and is now, the largest merger in American business history.
After gaining Federal Trade Commission approval, the deal had its skeptics. AOL was the
majority shareholder, and for the financials to add up, AOL would have to continue making
bundles of money in advertising revenue. Before the ink was even dry on the deal, the dot-com
bubble had burst, Internet stocks plummeted, and the bottom fell out of the online advertising
market. To make matters worse, increased availability of high-speed Internet access cut deeply
into AOL\'s dial-up revenue
The merger proved poisonous for both companies and downright deadly for investors. About
$100 billion in stock value was wiped out . In 2009, Time Warner spun AOL off as its own
company. Today, the AOL-Time Warner marriage is the standard business school case study for
the worst merger ever.
It was an odd merger, where both companies retained their independence. In fact, Time Warner
appears to have retained more power than AOL, even though technically, AOL bought Time
Warner.
There was a great potential to a merger - just imagine having the largest ISP (dial-up) with
millions of internet accounts merging with one of the largest cable network providers with
millions of homes connected to coaxial and then fiber networks. Yet, they could not make it
work.
The rumor has it that the executives of both companies after the merger (yet, again - they were
never one company) went to negotiate their consumer offering, specifically, AOL over Time
Warner boradband network. Nobody wanted to give up any revenue. The outcome? If you want
AOL over broadband, you can pay the current price for Time Warner internet (around $45/mo
back then) plus the standard AOL fee (around $20/mo). Needless to say, it was not a popular
offer. AOL slowly died. Time Warner spun it off.
NOW A days mergers and acquistions are going smoothly
Here’s a list of examples of good mergers and acquisitions transactions:
Human factors almost always have a significant impact on both a deal’s success and the amount
of additional cost and effort required to recover when they were not sufficiently considered. The
five human factors below differentiate successful deals:
Managing human factors increases the likelihood of value being realized: people are
complicated, and building a team that has the capacity and inclination to attend to them is a
differentiator in an industry where many still focus on the technical elements of the deal..
The purpose of this C++ programming project is to allow the student .pdf
The purpose of this C++ programming project is to allow the student to perform parallel array
and multidimensional array processing. The logic for string and Cstring has already been
completed, so the assignment can be started before we actually cover string and Cstring in detail.
This program has the following three menu options:
Solution
/*
This program uses simple arrays, multidimensional arrays, cstrings, strings, and files.
It allows a payroll clerk to choose an option from a menu. The choices are:
A: List the Payroll Information by Employee Name
B: Search Payroll Information by Employee Name
X: Exit the Payroll Information Module
The following items for each employee are saved in the file p10.txt:
Employee ID (1000 - 9999)
Last Name (15 characters)
First Name (15 characters)
Rate (5.00 - 10.00)
Hours W1,W2,W3,W4 (0-60)
*/
#include // file processing
#include // cin and cout
#include // toupper
#include // setw
#include // cstring functions strlen, strcmp, strcpy stored in string.h
#include // string class
#define stricmp strcasecmp
#define strnicmp strncasecmp
using namespace std;
//Disable warning messages C4267 C4996.
//To see the warnings, comment out the following line.
//#pragma warning( disable : 4267 4996)
//Warning C4267: coversion from size_t to int, possible lost of data
//size_t is a data type defined in and is an unsigned integer.
//The function strlen returns a value of the type size_t, but in
//searchByName we assign the returned value to an int.
//We could also declare the variable as size_t instead of int.
// size_t stringLength;
//Warning C4996: strnicmp strcpy, stricmp was declared deprecated, means
//the compiler encountered a function that was marked with deprecated.
//The deprecated function may no longer be supported in a future release.
//Global Constants
//When using to declare arrays, must be defined with const modifier
const int ARRAY_SIZE = 20, HOURS_SIZE = 4, NAME_SIZE = 16;
//Declare arrays as global so we don\'t have to pass the arrays to each function.
//Normally we wouldn\'t declare variables that change values a global.
int employeeId[ARRAY_SIZE];
string firstName[ARRAY_SIZE];
char lastName[ARRAY_SIZE][NAME_SIZE];
double rate[ARRAY_SIZE];
int hours[ARRAY_SIZE][HOURS_SIZE];
int numberOfEmps; //count of how many employees were loaded into arrays
int sumHours[ARRAY_SIZE] = {0}; //initialize arrays to zero by providing a
double avgHours[ARRAY_SIZE] = {0}; //value for the first element in the array
//Function Prototypes
void loadArray( );
void sumAndComputeAvgHours( );
void listByName( );
void searchByName( );
void sortByName( );
void swapValues(int i, int minIndex);
void listEmployees( );
void listEmployeesHeadings( );
void listEmployeesDetails(int i);
void listEmployeesTotals( );
void displayContinuePrompt( );
//Program starts here
int main()
{
//Declare and initialize local main variables
char choice; //menu option
//Load the arrays with data
loadArray();
//Sum and compute the average hours
sumAndComputeAv.
the input to a frequency translation system has a bandwidth of 19 to.pdf
the input to a frequency translation system has a bandwidth of 19 to 20 Mhz and it is desired to
shift the spectrum to the range of 50 to 51 Mhz while reversing the spectral sense. determine the
required frequency in Mhz of the LO frequency.
please show with steps.
Solution
The mixer frequency(Fm) have two frequency componenets that iare Fi+FL and Fi-FL, where Fi
is in put frequency and FlL is local oscilator frquency
Fm=51 Mhz
Fi=20Mhz
FL=Fm-Fi=51-20 Mhz
so required local osc frequency is 31 mhz.
The First genetic maps used genes as markers becauseplease answer.pdf
The First genetic maps used genes as markers because:
please answer both questions with correct answer! thank you! The First genetic maps used genes
as markers because: Select one: a. The locations of genes on chromosomes could be observed by
stining the DNA with dyes. X b. Phenotypes specified by genes could be visually identified and
their inheritance patterns studied. c. Individual genes specifying easily identifiable phenotypic
traits were easily cloned. d. Singel nucleotide polymorphisms were used to identify point
mutations that resulted in clearly observable phenotypic differences. Eukaryotic Genomes are
mapped using DNA markers in addition to genes because: Select one: a. DNA markers do not
require the presence of two or more alleles for mapping b. Gene maps may not cover large
regions of the genome c. Most genes contain multiple alleles that can be easily mapped X d.
DNA markers are less variable than genetic markers
Solution
1. Option D is correct. The First genetic maps used genes as markers because single nucleodite
plymorphism were used to identify any changes in gene.
2. Opttion A is correct.
the consistent joining of two specific bases in nucleotides within DN.pdf
the consistent joining of two specific bases in nucleotides within DNAS is called DNA
replication base doubling complementary base pairing base transcription The nucleotide
sequence AUGGUC could be part of a single strand of DNA could be part of an mRNA
contains three codons contains one anticodon Which process requires the participating of all
three types of RNA? translation transcription RNA processing replication. The A site on a
ribosome function is rtecei8ving a new RNA with the correct amino acid. Holding a
polypeptide as amino acids are added. Attacking the small subunits to the large subunits.
releasing the compound polypeptide. DNA is a polymer of Deoxyribnucleotides Amino acid
None of the above.
Solution
7. Ans: C
In the DNA, joining of two bases by hydrogen bonds is known as complementary base pairing.
In DNA, complementary base of guanine is cytosine and complementary base of adenine is
thymine.
8. Ans: B
Given nucleotide sequence AUGGUC could be a part of mRNA because sequence contain U
(Uracil) base which is found only in RNA not in DNA. In the DNA in place of Uracil thymine is
found.
Codon is a sequence of three bases.
9. Ans:B
In translation is a process of protein synthesis, in which all three types of RNA participate to
complete the task of protein synthesis. mRNA encodes amino acid sequence of polypeptide.
tRNA brings amoino acids to ribosomes during translation. rRNA with ribosomal proteins makes
up the ribosome, organelles that translate the mRNA.
10. Ans: A
A site of ribosome occupied by amino acyl- tRNA which act as a acceptor for the growing
protein chain during peptide bond formation. P site of ribosome occupied by peptidyl- tRNA
which carry the growing peptide chain.P site is also known as puromycin (antibiotic) sensitive
site. E site, ribosomal site harboring decylated tRNA on transit out from the ribosome.
11. Ans: B
DNA is a polymer of deoxyribonucleotides, carries genetic information for the growth,
development, functioning and reproduction of all living cells..
Technology is advancing at an alarming rate. We now have more method.pdf
Technology is advancing at an alarming rate. We now have more methods of interaction than
ever before: phone, text, instant messenger, GPS, Skype, etc. Businesses today must be
connected at multiple levels via multiple media in order to be competitive. Ponder and develop a
strategy for future forensic applications in an increasingly digitalized and connected world.
Discuss the challenges that these new media and technologies present to the forensic analyst and
begin to frame some solutions.
Solution
Computer forensics is the practice of collecting, analysing and reporting on digital data in a way
that is legally admissible. It can be used in the detection and prevention of crime and in any
dispute where evidence is stored digitally. Computer forensics follows a similar process to other
forensic disciplines, and faces similar issues.
The phrase “digital forensics” invokes an image of law enforcement officers conducting criminal
investigations. The breadth of digital forensics practices goes far beyond this narrow definition.
Civil cases use forensic analysis. Large corporations and organizations use their own forensics
groups to investigate internal issues, compliance, and insider threats that are rarely publicly
released. Governments have forensic resources that are applied in many areas, such as military
intelligence.
Forensic Applications of New Analytical Technologies
Multiply hyphenated techniques, such as gas chromatography/mass spectrometry with retention
time locking (GC/MS/RTL), liquid chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry
(LC/MS/TOF), microfluidic-based capillary electrophoretic analysis of mitochondrial DNA
(mtDNA), and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA/ICP/MS), are
able to uncover forensically germane information by providing unprecedented levels of
analytical selectivity and sensitivity, extracting genetic signatures from previously overlooked
biological sources, and sequentially microdeconstructing samples so as to map the spatial
variation and concentration of elemental constituents. These new ranges of information and rich
data sets can contribute facts crucial to the reconstruction of events and thereby increase the
probability of an accurate finding in the matters under investigation..
Suppose a mutant fruit fly with blue eyes was recently discovered. I.pdf
The document discusses genetic terminology used to describe alleles. It notes that a newly discovered mutant fruit fly has blue eyes, which is recessive to the wild-type red eyes. The most common way to represent the alleles would be: Mutant: bl, bl and Wild-type: Bl+, bl+ - with the capital B representing the dominant allele for red eyes and the lowercase b representing the recessive allele for blue eyes.
Students should research and identify an article on the subject of s.pdf
Students should research and identify an article on the subject of stakeholder mapping and its
role as a critical tool for leaders. The article should discuss the purpose of stakeholder mapping
and explain how it is used. Articles must come from a reputable source (no Twitter, Facebook or
Wikipedia), be submitted a copy of or link to the article must be included in the submission.
Students should write a paragraph on their thoughts about stakeholder mapping.
Solution
Stakeholders are individuals or organizations that will be affected in some significant way by the
outcome of the evaluation process or that are affected by the performance of the intervention, or
both.
Not all stakeholders have the same stake in the interventions and it is important to recognize the
level of influence each stakeholder has on the project and its evaluation.
This information will guide the data-collection process and allow you to identify the stakeholders
who will serve as the main sources of data for the evaluation.
Stakeholder mapping in 4 steps
When initally mapping stakeholders it is important to consider these questions:.
Questions1. Research the Master Boot Record. Write a long paragra.pdf
Questions:
1. Research the Master Boot Record. Write a long paragraph and answer the following:
a). How does this file play into the BIOS and its attempt to load the operating system?
b). Can you think of a situation in which this knowledge would help diagnose a failure to boot?
c).Why is it that the installation of Linux in a dual-boot configuration can cause problems for the
Windows OS?
2. The use of solid state memory in lieu of a hard drive is starting to receive some attention.
a). What benefits or drawbacks could crop up for this new type of secondary storage?
b). In what way is solid state memory subject to the same failure as a hard drive?
Solution
A master boot record is a special sector of data at the very start of the device which is marked as
bootable. It can reside on a hard disk partition, a CD / DVD, a pen drive or any other form of
storage. The MBR is a small piece of executable code (usually micro instructions) that is
executed at the startup by the system.
The address of the MBR is fixed and during system startup, this location is accessed and read. If
the MBR is found in this location, it is executed by the system, else error is thrown.
The MBR primarily contains 2 things:
Ans 1.
Some BIOS use a different location like Compaq, which uses 0x07C0:0x0000. Although this
resolves to the same memory location in read mode, it should be avoided.
The Initial Program Loader (IPL) of the BIOS starts executing the MBR by passing control to
this location. Prior to execution, it is setup with the following CPU registers:
Ans 2..
Problem Find the z-transform, in closed form, of the number sequence .pdf
Problem Find the z-transform, in closed form, of the number sequence generated by sampling,
every T seconds the function f(t) whose Laplace transform is given by F(s) = 2(1 - e^-5s)/s(s =
2), T = 1 s
Solution
F(s)=2(1-e^-5)/(s(s+2))
=(1-e^-5)(1/s-1/(s+2))
As we know: z=e^(sT)=e^s
Henc . e^-5=z^-5
Z transform of 1/s=z/(z-1)
Z transfrom of 1/(s+2)=z/(z-e^-2)
F(z)=(1-z^-5)[z/(z-1)-z/(z-e^-2)]
F(z)=(1-z^-5)z(1-e^-2)/[(z-1)(z-e^-2)].
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The First genetic maps used genes as markers becauseplease answer.pdf
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the consistent joining of two specific bases in nucleotides within DN.pdf
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Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
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2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
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Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
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The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
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significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
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