Students explore the concept of destination.

1. Entry Task:
How was your Spring Break? Share about what you did
over break! Anything new and exciting?

2. Objective:
The students will be able to explain
the desalination process.

3. Assessment Question #9
Explain why some Middle Eastern countries,
such as the UAE use desalinization processes.
Be sure to fully explain and describe the
desalinization process. Discuss the benefits
and concerns of this process.

4. WATER!
 Why is water essential to human life?
Why it is not possible for humans to drink water from
the ocean?

5. How does fresh water differ from ocean
water?
Ocean water contains about 3.5% table salt (NaCl), while fresh
water has a much lower concentration of salt (about 0.05%). Since
the human body has a salt concentration of about 0.9%, drinking
ocean water actually dehydrates or removes water from the cells
of the body. Human body cells require water to complete a
number of different cellular processes. Drinking fresh water
provides these cells with water to carry out the necessary
functions of the cell

6. What percentage of the water on Earth is fresh
water?
Over 75% of planet Earth is covered by water. However,
about 97.5% of all of the water on Earth is ocean water, or
water with a salt concentration of about 3.5%. In fact, only
around 2.5% of Earth’s water is fresh water for direct
human consumption. While ocean water is highly
abundant, fresh drinking water sources are much scarcer
than sea water.

7. What percentage of Earth’s fresh water is
readily available in lakes, river, and streams?
Most of Earth’s fresh water is not readily available for
human consumption. About 70% of this water is locked up
in ice caps and would have to first be melted before yielding
drinking water. Other fresh water is in the atmosphere or
deep within the earth in locations not reachable with current
technologies. Only 1.3% of fresh water is located in regions
where relatively easy access to the water is available.

8. What are some common methods for purifying
ocean water?
 Although currently costly, ocean water can be purified or desalinated for human
drinking. A number of process can remove the salt from ocean water, including ion
exchanges, reverse osmosis, and boiling or freezing the ocean water. Some have
even suggested that icebergs could be lassoed, towed to dry regions, and melted to
supply drinking water. A more practical solution is to use small temperature
gradients between different depths of ocean water to power a desalination plant. All
of these methods have limitations and generally are much more expensive than
using existing fresh water supplies.

9. What is desalination?

10. Desalination Game!
Challenge the class to figure out the most effective way to
desalinate water and make it safe for drinking using an online
simulation.
Explain that the simulation is designed to be a very
challenging puzzle. They must work together to figure out
how to build a machine that will desalinate water for the
class. Tell students they will work in pairs for 5-10 minutes,
and then collaborate with other class members.

11. POSTED ON GOOGLE CLASSROOM:
https://educators.brainpop.com/bp-game/desalination/
Username = uasdubai
Password = uasd1234

12. Have students share their strategy with the pair they teamed
up with.
Did they click randomly and observe what happened, read
the blurbs and reason based on the information there,
experiment with various pipes, or use the help button?
 Invite the pairs to talk about what strategy seemed to have
been most effective.

13. Which pipes are needed for each connection? (Gas pipes are for
transporting gas, water pipes for water, etc.)
How do you know when/where a water pump is needed? (You need a
pump anytime you pull water out of a reservoir.)
 Make sure students understand they need to have a green "complete"
message for each of the tasks and can then press the "start" button to
test out their system. They can hit "reset depths" to experiment with
the optimal water flow.

14. Conclusion…
How is water desalinated and/or purified in
places where there is no easily accessible
clean drinking water?
 Research various methods that are being
used.