Depletion of resources
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1. Predictions from 1972 about depletion times for various metals like gold, silver, and nickel by the year 1992 turned out to be inaccurate as depletion times were later found to be longer. 2. Proven reserves of resources like bauxite, iron, tin, nickel, zinc, lead, and copper have increased significantly between 1950 and 1990 as new discoveries were made. 3. In a famous bet in the 1970s, economist Julian Simon argued against biologist Paul Ehrlich's prediction that resource depletion would cause mass starvation, and Simon won the bet as commodity prices decreased over the following decade.
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Between 1850-1900, new technologies like railroads, steamships, and telegraph cables facilitated the growth of global trade and connections between economies. Industrialization also led to rapid urbanization in Europe and urban environments changed with technologies for transportation, infrastructure, and public services. During this period, ideas like socialism and labor movements developed in response to capitalism and industrial working conditions, seeking better treatment of workers. Nationalism also emerged and helped unify previously divided regions like Germany and Italy into nation states.
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Depletion of resources
- 1. Michal Till
- 6. Simon-Erlich wager Author: Loren Cobb. Data source: US Geological Survey Data Series 140. Data URL: http://minerals.usgs.gov/ds/2005/140 The ecologist lost. (Maybe it’s because he is an entomologist and his specialization are butterflies )
- 7. Gas Canadian government educational comics, 1970’s
- 8. Oil : prices
- 9. Oil: proven reserves d
- 10. Remaining oil breakdown Source: OPEC 2005 Annual Statistical Bulletin , http://www.opec.org/library/Annual%20Statistical%20Bulletin/pdf/ASB2005.pdf
- 11. Probability & types of reserves http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs-0028-01/fs-0028-01.htm
- 12. Prices of resources relatative to 1990 US wage
- 13. Energy usage vs. GDP (Japan) http://www.stat.go.jp/english/data/chouki/index.htm