This document discusses the proper use of the articles "a", "an", and "the" in English grammar. It provides rules for when to use "a/an", which is used with singular nouns, and "the", which is used to refer to specific or known nouns. Key points include using "a" with consonant sounds and "an" with vowel sounds, as well as using "the" to refer to things in a specific context or when mentioning the same thing again. Exercises are provided to help practice applying these article rules.

1. WHAT IS THIS?
WHAT ARE THESE?

2. IT IS A DOG

3. THEY ARE CATS

4. IT IS AN UMBRELLA

5. THEY ARE APPLES

6. WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THESE SENTENCES?
WHEN DO YOU USE A / AN?
A B
1. It is a dog 1. They are cats
2. It is an umbrella 2. They are apples
THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THESE YOU USE A / AN WHEN THE
SENTENCES IS THE FOLLOWING: SENTENCES ARE IN SINGULAR.
IN GROUP “A” THERE ARE SINGULAR YOU USE THE ARTICLE A WHEN THE
SENTENCES AND IN GROUP “B” THERE WORDS START WITH A CONSONTANT
ARE PLURAL SENTENCES AND YOU USE THE ARTICLE AN WHEN
THE WORDS START WITH A VOWEL.

7. OTHER GRAMMATICAL RULES:
1. WE USE A/AN TO REFER SOMEONE 4. YOU USE AN WHEN THE WORDS
OR SOMETHING THAT IS MENTIONED START WITH THE CONSONANT “ H”
FOR THE FIRST TIME. BECAUSE IT IS NOT PRONOUNCED.
2. WE ALWAYS USE A/AN BEFORE
THE NAMES OF PROFFESSIONS. EXAMPLE:
I NEED JUST AN HOUR MORE.
EXAMPLE:
MARIO IS A TEACHER 5. YOU USE A WHEN THE WORDS
DAVID IS AN ACTOR START WITH A VOWEL BUT IT IS
PRONOUNCED AS A CONSONTANT.
NEVER: DAVID IS ACTOR
EXAMPLE:
3. WHEN THE SENTENCES ARE IN A UNIVERSITY (YOU PRONOUNCE IT
PLURAL YOU NEVER USE A / AN. LIKE THIS: /A/ /YUNIVERSITY/ )
YOU CAN USE SOME. A HORSE (YOU PRONOUNCE IT LIKE
THIS: / A / /JORS/
EXAMPLE:
I HAVE SOME ENGLISH BOOKS

8. EXERCISES
1. WRITE A OR AN.
An
1. _____old book An
6. _____ umbrella
A An
7. _____organisation
2. _____Window
A
3. _____horse A
8. _____university
An
4. _____airport An
9. _____hour
5. _____new airport
A An
10. _____economic problem

9. DEFINITE ARTICLE: THE
WHEN DO WE USE THE ARTICLE “THE”?
WE USE “THE” WHEN WE REFER TO WHEN WE USE THE PHRASE “THE
SOMEONE OR SOMETHING IN SAME” :
PARTICULAR.
EXAMPLE: EXAMPLE:
-WHAT IS THE NAME OF THIS STREET?
(THIS STREET HAS ONLY ONE NAME) - WE LIVE IN THE SAME STREET.
- WHO IS THE BEST PLAYER IN YOUR - ARE THESE TWO BOOKS DIFFERENT?
TEAM? ..NO, THEY ARE THE SAME
- CAN YOU TELL ME THE TIME PLEASE?
( THE TIME NOW) WE SAY:
- MY OFFICE IS ON THE FIRST FLOOR. (THE
FIRST FLOOR OF THE BUILDING) THE SUN, THE MOON, THE
DON’T FORGET: WORLD, THE SKY, THE SEA, THE
DO YOU LIVE NEAR THE CITY CENTRE? COUNTRY , THE POLICE OF PERU, THE
EXCUSE ME, WHERE IS THE NEAREST FIRE BRIDGE OF A COUNTRY, THE
BANK? ARMY OF A COUNTRY(THEY ARE
SPECIFIC THINGS).

10. WE USE THE WITH THE WE DON’T USE “THE” WITH:
FOLLOWING PHRASES:
- BREAKFAST
- THE TOP - LUNCH
- THE END - DINNER
- THE MIDDLE - NEXT
- THE LEFT - LAST, NEXT WEEK/ MONTH/ YEAR/
- THE RIGHT SUMMER/ MONDAY
WE USE THE WITH THE
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS:
- THE PIANO
- THE GUITAR
- THE TRUMPET
AND WITH “THE RADIO”

11. EXERCISES
1. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH THE ARTICLE “THE” ONLY IT’S
NECESSARY.
THE
1. WHAT IS _____ NAME OF THE STREET.
-
2. WE HAD _____ DINNER AT THE RESTAURANT LAST NIGHT.
THE
3. MY HOUSE IS AT _____ THE MIDDLE OF THE STREET.
THE
4. TOKIO IS _____ CAPITAL OF JAPAN.
-
5. WHAT DID YOU HAVE FOR _____ LUNCH? A SALAD.
THE
6. WE LIVE IN _____ SAME STREET.
-
7. _____BREAKFAST IS READY!
-
8. HE IS WATCHING _____ TELEVISION.
THE
9. THEY ARE LISTENING TO _____ RADIO.
THE
10. PAULA IS LEARNING TO PLAY _____ PIANO.

12. WRITE 5 SENTENCES IN YOUR
NOTEBOOK BY USING THE ARTICLES
“THE”, “A/AN”