Defibrillators are electrical devices that deliver a shock to the heart to counteract fibrillation and restore a normal heartbeat. Early defibrillation is critical for survival from sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) as the chances of successful resuscitation decrease by 7-10% per minute without CPR. For witnessed SCA, an automated external defibrillator (AED) should be used as soon as it is available, followed by CPR. For unwitnessed SCA, 5 cycles of CPR should be performed before attempting defibrillation. Modern defibrillators use biphasic waveforms which are as low as 200J and have equivalent or higher efficacy than monophasic waveforms. A
TED External Home Defibrillator for Home Consumer innovation Taly Weiss
Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA)-ventricular fibrillation (VF)- kills 350000 people in the US alone, each year, about 3 million worldwide, at the prime-time of their life, mostly witnessed and at home /office.
Defibrillation procedure must be performed as soon as possible: survival decreases by 10% for every minute of delay-therefore ambulance help at home-too late! At present, only very few of SCA victims at home survive and many- in coma, in nursing homes.
TED is a home consumer solution that is much more affordable and reliable.
The novelty in our defibrillator device is based on a computerized modification of the alternating current, from the mains , existing in every home, to the FDA-approved biphasic defibrillatory wave .
Inventors and patent holders:
Prof. A. Teddy Weiss & team at Hadassah Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
Contact: atweiss@hadassah.org.il
A brief overview of defibrillator,its physical principles, types, its indications & contraindications and maintenance policy.this powerpoint is primarily intended for anaesthesiologists and other health care providers working in critical care centres.
Advanced cardiac life support, or advanced cardiovascular life support, often referred to by its acronym, "ACLS", refers to a set of clinical algorithms for the urgent treatment of cardiac arrest, stroke, myocardial infarction (also known as a heart attack), and other life-threatening cardiovascular emergencies.
Diathermy
• Diathermy uses an electric current to cause localized heating,
permitting cutting of tissue and coagulation of blood.
• It may be unipolar or bipolar, the former having several settings
depending on which function is required.
Unipolar diathermy
Bipolar diathermy
• Advantages
• Allows surgery to proceed with better hemostatic control than using sharp
instruments.
• Different modes can be used to achieve different effects on different
tissues.
• Disadvantages
• High currents used in diathermy equipment cause induction in cables
used for other purposes. This results in interference in the ECG and other
monitors when diathermy is in use.
Safety
This is a brief description of how defibrillator work. It is especially talking about AED (automatic external defibrillator). It explains how it works and mechanism behind its easy but effective result.
TED External Home Defibrillator for Home Consumer innovation Taly Weiss
Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA)-ventricular fibrillation (VF)- kills 350000 people in the US alone, each year, about 3 million worldwide, at the prime-time of their life, mostly witnessed and at home /office.
Defibrillation procedure must be performed as soon as possible: survival decreases by 10% for every minute of delay-therefore ambulance help at home-too late! At present, only very few of SCA victims at home survive and many- in coma, in nursing homes.
TED is a home consumer solution that is much more affordable and reliable.
The novelty in our defibrillator device is based on a computerized modification of the alternating current, from the mains , existing in every home, to the FDA-approved biphasic defibrillatory wave .
Inventors and patent holders:
Prof. A. Teddy Weiss & team at Hadassah Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
Contact: atweiss@hadassah.org.il
A brief overview of defibrillator,its physical principles, types, its indications & contraindications and maintenance policy.this powerpoint is primarily intended for anaesthesiologists and other health care providers working in critical care centres.
Advanced cardiac life support, or advanced cardiovascular life support, often referred to by its acronym, "ACLS", refers to a set of clinical algorithms for the urgent treatment of cardiac arrest, stroke, myocardial infarction (also known as a heart attack), and other life-threatening cardiovascular emergencies.
Diathermy
• Diathermy uses an electric current to cause localized heating,
permitting cutting of tissue and coagulation of blood.
• It may be unipolar or bipolar, the former having several settings
depending on which function is required.
Unipolar diathermy
Bipolar diathermy
• Advantages
• Allows surgery to proceed with better hemostatic control than using sharp
instruments.
• Different modes can be used to achieve different effects on different
tissues.
• Disadvantages
• High currents used in diathermy equipment cause induction in cables
used for other purposes. This results in interference in the ECG and other
monitors when diathermy is in use.
Safety
This is a brief description of how defibrillator work. It is especially talking about AED (automatic external defibrillator). It explains how it works and mechanism behind its easy but effective result.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
CW RADAR, FMCW RADAR, FMCW ALTIMETER, AND THEIR PARAMETERSveerababupersonal22
It consists of cw radar and fmcw radar ,range measurement,if amplifier and fmcw altimeterThe CW radar operates using continuous wave transmission, while the FMCW radar employs frequency-modulated continuous wave technology. Range measurement is a crucial aspect of radar systems, providing information about the distance to a target. The IF amplifier plays a key role in signal processing, amplifying intermediate frequency signals for further analysis. The FMCW altimeter utilizes frequency-modulated continuous wave technology to accurately measure altitude above a reference point.
NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN CONDENSING HEAT EXCHANGERS...ssuser7dcef0
Power plants release a large amount of water vapor into the
atmosphere through the stack. The flue gas can be a potential
source for obtaining much needed cooling water for a power
plant. If a power plant could recover and reuse a portion of this
moisture, it could reduce its total cooling water intake
requirement. One of the most practical way to recover water
from flue gas is to use a condensing heat exchanger. The power
plant could also recover latent heat due to condensation as well
as sensible heat due to lowering the flue gas exit temperature.
Additionally, harmful acids released from the stack can be
reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation. reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation.
Condensation of vapors in flue gas is a complicated
phenomenon since heat and mass transfer of water vapor and
various acids simultaneously occur in the presence of noncondensable
gases such as nitrogen and oxygen. Design of a
condenser depends on the knowledge and understanding of the
heat and mass transfer processes. A computer program for
numerical simulations of water (H2O) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
condensation in a flue gas condensing heat exchanger was
developed using MATLAB. Governing equations based on
mass and energy balances for the system were derived to
predict variables such as flue gas exit temperature, cooling
water outlet temperature, mole fraction and condensation rates
of water and sulfuric acid vapors. The equations were solved
using an iterative solution technique with calculations of heat
and mass transfer coefficients and physical properties.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
2. Definition
An electrical device used to counteract
fibrillation of the heart muscle and restore
normal heartbeat by applying a brief electric
shock
3. Early defibrillation is
critical to survival
• VF -frequent rhythm witnessed in SCA
• Rx for VF is electrical defibrillation
• Probability of successful defibrillation diminishes
rapidly over time
• VF tends to deteriorate to asystole within a few
minutes
4. For every minute that passes between
collapse and defibrillation, survival rates
from witnessed VF SCA decrease 7% to 10%
if no CPR is provided
Ann Emerg Med. 1993;22:1652–1658
5. 3 actions that must occur
within the 1st moment of SCA
• Activation of the emergency medical services
(EMS) system
• Provision of CPR, and
• Operation of an AED
When 2 or more rescuers are present, activation
of EMS and initiation of CPR can occur
simultaneously
6. 2 critical questions about
CPR+ defibrillation
• ? CPR should be provided before
defibrillation is attempted
• Number of shocks to be delivered in a
sequence before the rescuer resumes CPR
7. Shock First Vs CPR First
• Out-of-hospital witnessed arrest
• If AED is immediately available
• Use the AED as soon as possible.
10. • One cycle of CPR consists of 30
compressions and 2 breaths
• When compressions are delivered at a rate
of about 100 per minute, 5 cycles of CPR
should take roughly 2 minutes
11. This recommendation regarding CPR prior to
attempted defibrillation is supported by 2
clinical studies
JAMA. 2003;289:1389 –1395
JAMA. 1999;281:1182–1188
12. 1-shock Vs 3-shock sequence
• No published human studies
• Animal studies- 1 shock f/b CPR
• VF/ Pulseless VT- 1 shock f/b 5 # CPR
• Non shockable rhythm- CPR first
• 1st shock efficacy of Monophasic is lower than
biphasic shock
13. Defibrillation waveforms
and energy levels
• The energy settings are designed to provide the
lowest effective energy needed to terminate VF
• Shock success -Termination of VF for at least 5
sec following the shock
• VF frequently recurs after successful shocks, but
this recurrence should not be equated with shock
failure
14. • Modern defibrillators are classified as
Monophasic
Biphasic
• Energy levels vary by type of device
• No specific waveform is associated with a higher
rate of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC)
or rates of survival to hospital discharge after
cardiac arrest
15. Monophasic waveform
Defibrillators
• Deliver current of one polarity
• 2 types
• The monophasic damped sinusoidal waveform
(MDS) returns to zero gradually
• Monophasic truncated exponential waveform
(MTE) current is abruptly returned to baseline
(truncated) to zero current flow
16. Biphasic waveform
Defibrillators
• The optimal energy for termination rate for
VF has not been determined
• 200 J is safe and has equivalent or higher
efficacy for termination of VF than
monophasic waveform shocks of
equivalent or higher energy (Class IIa)
17. Automated external
Defibrillators
• AEDs are sophisticated, reliable devices
• Use voice and visual prompts to guide lay
rescuers and healthcare providers to safely
defibrillate VF SCA
18. Lay Rescuer AED programs
• 1995 AHA recommended lay rescuer AED
programs to improve survival rates from out-of-
hospital SCA
• Studies of lay rescuer AED programs in airports,
& casinos have shown a survival rate of 41-74%
from out-of-hospital witnessed VF SCA when
immediate bystander CPR is provided and
defibrillation occurs within about 3 to 5 minutes
of collapse
19. Electrode placement
• Right pad – Right Infraclavicular
• Left pad – Inf-lateral left chest, lateral to
the left breast
• Position the pad at least 1 inch (2.5 cm)
away from the implantable medical device
20. • Do not place pads directly on top of a
transdermal medication patch
• If the victim’s chest is covered with water
or the victim is extremely diaphoretic, wipe
the chest before attaching pads
• AEDs can be used when the victim is lying
on snow or ice
• If the victim has a hairy chest, remove
some hair
21. Manual Defibrillation
• Both low-energy and high-energy biphasic
waveform shocks are effective
• Both escalating & non-escalating energy
defibrillators are available
• Insufficient data to recommend one over another
• Use device specific dose
22. • Biphasic- 150-200 J
• Monophasic- 360 J
• Although operator selects the shock
energy (in joules), it is the current flow (in
amperes) that actually depolarizes the
myocardium
23. Transthoracic Impedance
• Human impedance is 70 to 80 Ω
• To reduce use conductive materials
• In O2 rich areas such as CCU’s arcing has
been known to cause fires
24. Electrode size
• Min of 50 cm2
• 8-12 cm diameter
• Small electrode mat cause myocardial
necrosis
25. Fire hazard
• In oxygen rich environment
• Self-adhesive minimize the risk of sparks
• Do not use medical gels or pastes with
poor electrical conductivity, such as
ultrasound gel
26. Synchronized cardioversion
• Shock delivery that is timed (synchronized) with
the QRS complex
• Avoids shock delivery during the relative
refractory portion of the cardiac cycle, when a
shock could produce VF
• Energy (shock dose) used for a synchronized
shock is lower than that used for unsynchronized
shocks (defibrillation)
27. • Synchronized cardioversion is recommended
to treat
• Unstable SVT
– d/t reentry
– atrial fibrillation
– atrial flutter
28. SVT
• Monophasic energy for A Fib = 100-200 J
• A Flutter = 50-100 J
• If initial shock fails then increase dose in step
wise manner
• Optimal dose for biphasic waveforms not
established
• Success of terminating A fib with initial
dose = 85%