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TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC SƯ PHẠM TP HCM                                 BỘ MÔN KĨ THUẬT DẠY HỌC
                         KHOA CÔNG NGHỆ THÔNG TIN
          280, An Dương Vương, Q5, Tp HCM ĐT: (08).8352020 - 8352021




                 CÔNG NGHỆ DẠY HỌC
                                                                             MÔN TIN HỌC
Lê Đức Long                                                                       CHUYÊN ĐỀ
Email: longld@hcmup.edu.vn; ldlongdhsp@gmail.com
Website: http://www.2learner.edu.vn
                                                                       Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011              1
Một số quy ước trên slide

                                Tắt màn hình máy tính


                                Được dùng máy tính


                                 Làm việc theo nhóm

                                 Ghi chép bằng văn bản


                                 TỰ NGHIÊN CỨU- ĐỌC THÊM
 Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2012                                2
- Mô hình nào sẽ được chọn lựa?
         - Phân tích tại sao?



Ngöõ caûnh daïy vaø hoïc ôû Vieät Nam –
vaø vaán ñeà öùng duïng coâng ngheä thoâng tin trong daïy hoïc ntn ?
                      - Điều kiện về con người?
                      - Điều kiện về cơ sở vật chất, điều kiện học tập?
                      - Điều kiện về chương trình, chuẩn mực, chính sách?
   Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2009                                                    3
Kết quả thống kê …




                                                          Theo Báo Dân Trí - Thứ Tư, 12/10/2011
                                                      http://dantri.com.vn/c36/s20-526702/cong-bo-dieu-tra-lon-nhat-
                                                      ve-dich-vu-dien-thoai-internet-va-nghe-nhin.htm


 Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011
                                 http://thongke2010.mic.gov.vn/Default.aspx?tabid=36                           4
Thực hiện Quyết định số 420/QĐ-TTg ngày 31/03/2010 của Thủ tướng Chính
phủ; Quyết định số 470/QĐ-BTTTT ngày 7/4/2010 của Bộ trưởng Bộ Thông tin
và Truyền thông. Từ 01/6/2010, trên phạm vi cả nước đã tiến hành điều tra
thống kê về hiện trạng phổ cập dịch vụ điện thoại, Internet và nghe nhìn




   Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011
                                   http://thongke2010.mic.gov.vn/Default.aspx?tabid=36   5
TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC SƯ PHẠM TP HCM                                 BỘ MÔN KĨ THUẬT DẠY HỌC
                         KHOA CÔNG NGHỆ THÔNG TIN
          280, An Dương Vương, Q5, Tp HCM ĐT: (08).8352020 - 8352021




       Teacher-designers: một mô hình
          ứng dụng thiết kế dạy học
Lê Đức Long
Email: longld@hcmup.edu.vn; ldlongdhsp@gmail.com
Website: http://www.2learner.edu.vn
                                                                       Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011              6
Các vấn đề quan tâm …




 Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011   7
Làm quen với khái niệm mới …

 e-Learning - 1 thuật ngữ thông dụng!
  e-Learning(*) is the use of information and computer
   technologies to create learning experiences. (Horton 2006)
  All computer and Internet-based activities that support
   teaching and learning - both on-campus and at a
   distance. (Bates 2009)

“e” should be interpreted to mean exciting, empirical , extra, energetic, enriching,
exceptional learning experience - and more in addition to “electronic” (Luskin 2010)

e-Learning can provide benefits for the organizations and individuals involves
     Improve performance (Means et al. 2009)
        Increased access (e.g. MIT OpenCourse Ware program)
        Convenience and flexibility to learners (WorldWideLearn 2010)
        To develop the skills and competencies needed in the 21st century, in particular to
       ensure that learners have the digital literacy skills required in their discipline, profession
       and career (Bates, 2009)

Horton, W. (2006) E-Learning by design, Pfeiffer-An Imprint of Wiley, USA
Luskin, B. J. (2010) Think “Exciting”: E-Learning and the Big “E”, EDUCAUSE Quarterly Magazine, EQ Vol. 33, No.1/2010
Bates, T. (2009) presented in Workshop Planning academic programmes using e-Learning
Means, B. et al. (2009) Evaluation of Evidence-Based Practices in Online Learning: A Meta-Analysis and Review of Online Learning Studies, Final Report
of US Department of Education
WorldWideLearn (2010), http://www.worldwidelearn.com/elearning-essentials/elearning-benefits.htm, retrieved Mar. 2010
    Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011                                                                                                                8
Các mức độ ứng dụng công nghệ …




  Bates, T. (2009) presented in Workshop Planning academic programmes using e-Learning
  Means, B. et al. (2009) Evaluation of Evidence-Based Practices in Online Learning: A Meta-Analysis and Review of Online Learning

 Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011                                                                                                  9
Một khảo sát thực tế …
                          Current proportion of different types of e-learning
                                     in North America + Europe




  Bates, T. (2009), presented in Workshop Planning academic programmes using e-Learning

 Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011                                                            10
Các dạng ứng dụng e-Learning
            Standalone courses – ‘tự học’
            Virtual-classroom courses – ‘lớp học ảo’
            Learning games and simulations
            Embeded e-learning – ‘nhúng’
            Blended learning – ‘pha trộn’
            Mobile learning – ‘di động’
            Knowledge management (Horton 2006)
Hiện nay, người ta thường nhắc đến 3 dạng “khóa học” - course:
     Online distance-learning courses (fully e-Learning)
    Traditional courses supplement with technology (classroom aids)
     Hybrid courses (face-to-face + e-Learning)
                                                 (Arabasz et al. 2003)

Horton, W. (2006) E-Learning by design, Pfeiffer-An Imprint of Wiley, USA
Arabasz, P. et al. (2003) Supporting e-Learning in Higher Education, Research study from the EDUCAUSE Center
for Applied Research

  Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011                                                                                11
Một cách tiếp cận…
                                 Design quickly and reliably
 Step 1                          Step 2                          Step 3




  Horton, W. (2006) E-Learning by design, Pfeiffer-An Imprint of Wiley, USA

 Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011                                                12
Thiết kế tất cả các thành phần
                                                                Curriculum       Bachelor’s of Computer Science
                                                                    Course            “Programming with C”
                                                                    Lesson            “Branching statements”
                                                                     Topic        “Branching: if – else statement”
                                                                                “Using a flowchart to explain if – else
                                                                                  statement and a simple program
                                                                   Activities
                                                                                  Solving_quadratic_equation for
                                                                                            illustration”




                                                                                  “Any entity, digital or non-digital,
                                                                                  which can be used, re-used and
                                                                                  referenced during technology-
                                                                                  supported learning” (IEEE 2002)




The middle three units (course, lesson, and topic) may all be designed as self-
contained learning objects (LO’s).
   Horton, W. (2006) E-Learning by design, Pfeiffer-An Imprint of Wiley, USA

  Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011                                                                                           13
Và có thể thấy rằng …
                                                  Online distance-learning courses
                                                  Traditional courses supplement with technology
                                                   Hybrid courses (face-to-face + e-Learning)

                                                                                              E-Learning courses
 Traditional courses




    face-to-face learning                                                        BLACKCT
                                                               MOODLE
                                                                                            Online learning
 Online learning is more effective than face-to-face learning;
 Online learning combined with some face-to-face learning (blended/hybrid learning)
  is the most effective;
 Face-to-face learning alone is the least effective method among the three types
  studied.
  Means, B. et al. (2009) Evaluation of Evidence-Based Practices in Online Learning: A Meta-Analysis and Review of Online
  Learning Studies, Final Report of US Department of Education
  Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011                                                                                      14
Moät moâ hình ID thích hôïp cho giaùo vieân phoå thoâng ñeå
tích hôïp coâng ngheä                      Patricia L. Rogers (2002) – Bemidji State University (MnSCU), USA




                                              Phải được thực hiện bởi các chuyên gia sư phạm
                                              (Pedagogical Experts)  Instructional Designers

                                  Your work:
                                   finding out what your students already know when they walk into the first day of
                                  class and
                                   determining what knowledge you hope they will gain by the end of the course

                                           Preparing – Designing – Teaching – Testing

                                                          You often do not have any background in instructional
                                                          design theory or practices and have only just mastered
                                                          the skills for using the delivery medium. These are the
                                                          people I call “teacher-designers.”

  Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011                                                                                 15
Moät moâ hình ID cho „teacher-designers‟




                                           Patricia L. Rogers (2002)
 Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011                               16
Focus on Curriculum Requirements (1)
                                  „teacher-designers‟ model
                                                    được giả định rằng:
                                      Giáo viên đã
                                      Có một chương trình đào tạo cụ thể;
                                       Có một hệ thống tài liệu tiêu chuẩn;
                                       Được phân công giảng dạy cụ thể.
                                    Giáo viên Đ.Long dạy môn Tin học lớp 11,
                                    năm học 2011-2012, với kế hoạch dạy học
                                    và tài liệu giảng dạy được quy định bởi Bộ
                                    Giáo dục và Đào tạo.




                                        Xem xét cẩn thận về:
                                         Phần cứng, phần mềm hiện có;
                                         Khả năng truy cập tài nguyên;
                                         Đặc tả về trường học của bạn.

                                  “Do not design for the ideal situation, design for
                                  the reality of your situation” – Rogers, 2002

  Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011                                                           17
Focus on Goals and Learner needs (2)



Goals of learning



 What kinds of learning
outcomes are necessary
for success in this course?
 Who are the learners and what do they already
know?
                                                  Learner Needs
 What do they need to know by the end of the
course?


   Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011                                  18
Principles of Instructional Design, 4th Edition
                                (Gagné, Briggs, & Wager, 1992)




Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011
19
Learner Needs? – xem lại PPDH2


Explantion
           “ educare? ”           - sự giải thích đầy đủ và cặn kẽ

 Doing-detail - sự trình bày một cách rõ ràng và chi tiết
  Using the skill - thực hành và vận dụng kĩ năng đã học
     Check and correct
                                                    - khả năng kiểm tra lại và chỉnh sửa cho đúng
                                 Aide-memoire - bản ghi chép tóm tắt
                                    Review or revision- sự nhớ lại hay ôn tập
                                       Evaluation- việc đánh giá kết quả học tập
                                          ? - cơ hội được đặt câu hỏi
 Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011                                                                         20
Focus on Assessments (3)

 How will students demonstrate their new knowledge?
Xem xét việc đánh giá trên các
thành phần liên quan để xác
định tính hiệu quả của việc dạy
học – thỏa mãn mục tiêu (goals)
và đạt các yêu cầu chương trình
(outcomes) – với các phương
pháp đánh giá truyền thống




                                    Trong khóa học có sử dụng công nghệ, thường phải
                                    có những yêu cầu đòi hỏi „đạt‟ những kĩ năng về công
                                    nghệ, bên cạnh nội dung kiến thức  sử dụng thêm
                                    các công cụ đánh giá dựa trên công nghệ – như
                                    Rubric (bảng đánh giá)
                                  (Campbell, Melenyzer, Nettles, & Wyman, 1999)
  Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011                                                             21
Focus on Teaching Strategies
          and Instructional Media (4)

 How do teachers match instructional media to teaching
 methods? Gồm cái gì, tổ chức ra sao, lưu trữ ntn, phân phối ở đâu?
     Select instructional media that has necessary
    characteristics to support the learning goals you have
    identified


 Select teaching strategies
that facilitate learning through
the use of the media.


 Hoạt động thầy, trò?


  Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011                                               22
Focus on Teaching (5)

Daïy hoïc duøng lôøi „hieäu quaû‟ vaø „haáp daãn‟




  Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011              23
Ví dụ minh họa …
  Bài 4 – Chương 1 – Sách Tin học lớp 10 – BÀI TOÁN VÀ THUẬT TOÁN
  Tiết 3 - Ví dụ 1: Bài toán sắp xếp

 Hãy thử suy nghĩ xem dự kiến những trải nghiệm học tập như sau để xây dựng
 kịch bản dạy học:
 1. Lecture – giảng giải và trình bày thuật toán
 2. Demonstration – minh họa thuật toán
 3. Some easy class exercises – cho vài ví dụ, đặt câu hỏi và trả lời
 4. Notes given out – ghi chép những điều cần ghi nhớ, những lưu ý quan trọng
 5. A home practical – bài tập ứng dụng về nhà

                                                            Mục tiêu bài dạy, chuẩn kiến thức
                                                            Trọng tâm bài dạy, điểm khó
Teaching scenario                                           Kiến thức liên quan, đã biết

           1.   Mở đầu bài dạy
           2.   Hoạt động 1 – đặt vấn đề, pb vđề, gq vđề, vận dụng, củng cố
           3.   Hoạt động 2 – ….
           4.   Hoạt động ….
           5.   Tóm tắt bài dạy, dặn dò bài mới, …

  Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011                                                                        24
Focus on Evaluating Student Gain (6)

 Did they attain the goals you had in mind? Did students
 go beyond the course goals? Or did students get lost in
 learning technology skills?


 Focus on Evaluating Teaching and
 the entire course (7)

  Evaluating student learning very
  quickly spills over into an
  evaluation of your own teaching,
  the scope and sequence of your
  course     design,     strategies
  selected, and supporting media


  Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011                            25
Và cuối cùng là …

              Revise, revise, revise
   Even when using formal design models, the necessity of revising and
   refining the materials and course design is critical to useful and effective
   teaching. You are never completely finished with a course,
   particularly courses designed for technology-enhanced learning. It
   isn‟t only that the technology changes and more capabilities are added,
   it is also a matter of changing with the needs of your learners and the
   gains in new knowledge in your field.


 Caùc baïn phaûi nhôù raèng – chæ coù caûi tieán , caûi tieán, vaø caûi
 tieán – thì baøi giaûng cuûa caùc baïn môùi thaät söï hieäu quaû vaø
 haáp daãn !!!

  Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011                                                   26
Recall and note …
Essential Conditions for Technology Integration
                A shared vision for Tech Integration
                                            Cách nhìn chia sẻ của các cấp

                                 Empowered LeadersLãnh đạo với quyền hạn cho phép


                                    Standards and curriculum supports
                                                                         Chuẩn đào tạo – chương trình hỗ trợ

                                     Required Policies Qui định-chính sách cho việc sử dụng


                                   Skilled personel and opportunities for pro. development
                                                         Kĩ năng con người và cơ hội phát triển nghề nghiệp

                          Access to different resources for sustainable Integration
                                                     Khả năng truy cập những nguồn tài nguyên khác nhau
 Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011                                                                              27
Baøn veà vaán ñeà tieâu cöïc cuûa coâng ngheä …

Nhận xét từ tính tích cực và tiêu cực của
công nghệ đối với dạy học, và đặc biệt đối
với thanh thiếu niên Việt Nam hiện nay.
Ở góc nhìn sư phạm, bạn có suy nghĩ gì
trong vai trò giáo viên Tin học của mình ở
trường Phổ Thông?
-Nên hay không nên triển khai việc sử dụng và khai thác Internet trong học
sinh PT?
-Nên hay không nên quảng bá cho việc sử dụng Internet và các dịch vụ:
Weblog, Social Network, Game online, …?
-Nên hay không nên ủng hộ việc ứng dụng CNTT trong dạy học (chi phí, điều
kiện CSVC, chương trình-SGK, kinh nghiệm GV-HS, cách đánh giá), …?

 Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011                                                       28
TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC SƯ PHẠM TP HCM                     BỘ MÔN KĨ THUẬT DẠY HỌC
                         KHOA CÔNG NGHỆ THÔNG TIN
          280, An Dương Vương, Q5, Tp HCM ĐT: (08).8352020 - 8352021




  Cám ơn đã theo dõi …

Lê Đức Long
Email: longld@hcmup.edu.vn; ldlongdhsp@gmail.com
Website: http://www.2learner.edu.vn
                                                                                                      29

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Day04

  • 1. TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC SƯ PHẠM TP HCM BỘ MÔN KĨ THUẬT DẠY HỌC KHOA CÔNG NGHỆ THÔNG TIN 280, An Dương Vương, Q5, Tp HCM ĐT: (08).8352020 - 8352021 CÔNG NGHỆ DẠY HỌC MÔN TIN HỌC Lê Đức Long CHUYÊN ĐỀ Email: longld@hcmup.edu.vn; ldlongdhsp@gmail.com Website: http://www.2learner.edu.vn Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011 1
  • 2. Một số quy ước trên slide  Tắt màn hình máy tính  Được dùng máy tính  Làm việc theo nhóm  Ghi chép bằng văn bản TỰ NGHIÊN CỨU- ĐỌC THÊM Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2012 2
  • 3. - Mô hình nào sẽ được chọn lựa? - Phân tích tại sao? Ngöõ caûnh daïy vaø hoïc ôû Vieät Nam – vaø vaán ñeà öùng duïng coâng ngheä thoâng tin trong daïy hoïc ntn ? - Điều kiện về con người? - Điều kiện về cơ sở vật chất, điều kiện học tập? - Điều kiện về chương trình, chuẩn mực, chính sách? Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2009 3
  • 4. Kết quả thống kê … Theo Báo Dân Trí - Thứ Tư, 12/10/2011 http://dantri.com.vn/c36/s20-526702/cong-bo-dieu-tra-lon-nhat- ve-dich-vu-dien-thoai-internet-va-nghe-nhin.htm Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011 http://thongke2010.mic.gov.vn/Default.aspx?tabid=36 4
  • 5. Thực hiện Quyết định số 420/QĐ-TTg ngày 31/03/2010 của Thủ tướng Chính phủ; Quyết định số 470/QĐ-BTTTT ngày 7/4/2010 của Bộ trưởng Bộ Thông tin và Truyền thông. Từ 01/6/2010, trên phạm vi cả nước đã tiến hành điều tra thống kê về hiện trạng phổ cập dịch vụ điện thoại, Internet và nghe nhìn Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011 http://thongke2010.mic.gov.vn/Default.aspx?tabid=36 5
  • 6. TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC SƯ PHẠM TP HCM BỘ MÔN KĨ THUẬT DẠY HỌC KHOA CÔNG NGHỆ THÔNG TIN 280, An Dương Vương, Q5, Tp HCM ĐT: (08).8352020 - 8352021 Teacher-designers: một mô hình ứng dụng thiết kế dạy học Lê Đức Long Email: longld@hcmup.edu.vn; ldlongdhsp@gmail.com Website: http://www.2learner.edu.vn Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011 6
  • 7. Các vấn đề quan tâm … Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011 7
  • 8. Làm quen với khái niệm mới … e-Learning - 1 thuật ngữ thông dụng!  e-Learning(*) is the use of information and computer technologies to create learning experiences. (Horton 2006)  All computer and Internet-based activities that support teaching and learning - both on-campus and at a distance. (Bates 2009) “e” should be interpreted to mean exciting, empirical , extra, energetic, enriching, exceptional learning experience - and more in addition to “electronic” (Luskin 2010) e-Learning can provide benefits for the organizations and individuals involves  Improve performance (Means et al. 2009)  Increased access (e.g. MIT OpenCourse Ware program)  Convenience and flexibility to learners (WorldWideLearn 2010)  To develop the skills and competencies needed in the 21st century, in particular to ensure that learners have the digital literacy skills required in their discipline, profession and career (Bates, 2009) Horton, W. (2006) E-Learning by design, Pfeiffer-An Imprint of Wiley, USA Luskin, B. J. (2010) Think “Exciting”: E-Learning and the Big “E”, EDUCAUSE Quarterly Magazine, EQ Vol. 33, No.1/2010 Bates, T. (2009) presented in Workshop Planning academic programmes using e-Learning Means, B. et al. (2009) Evaluation of Evidence-Based Practices in Online Learning: A Meta-Analysis and Review of Online Learning Studies, Final Report of US Department of Education WorldWideLearn (2010), http://www.worldwidelearn.com/elearning-essentials/elearning-benefits.htm, retrieved Mar. 2010 Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011 8
  • 9. Các mức độ ứng dụng công nghệ … Bates, T. (2009) presented in Workshop Planning academic programmes using e-Learning Means, B. et al. (2009) Evaluation of Evidence-Based Practices in Online Learning: A Meta-Analysis and Review of Online Learning Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011 9
  • 10. Một khảo sát thực tế … Current proportion of different types of e-learning in North America + Europe Bates, T. (2009), presented in Workshop Planning academic programmes using e-Learning Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011 10
  • 11. Các dạng ứng dụng e-Learning  Standalone courses – ‘tự học’  Virtual-classroom courses – ‘lớp học ảo’  Learning games and simulations  Embeded e-learning – ‘nhúng’  Blended learning – ‘pha trộn’  Mobile learning – ‘di động’  Knowledge management (Horton 2006) Hiện nay, người ta thường nhắc đến 3 dạng “khóa học” - course:  Online distance-learning courses (fully e-Learning) Traditional courses supplement with technology (classroom aids)  Hybrid courses (face-to-face + e-Learning) (Arabasz et al. 2003) Horton, W. (2006) E-Learning by design, Pfeiffer-An Imprint of Wiley, USA Arabasz, P. et al. (2003) Supporting e-Learning in Higher Education, Research study from the EDUCAUSE Center for Applied Research Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011 11
  • 12. Một cách tiếp cận… Design quickly and reliably Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Horton, W. (2006) E-Learning by design, Pfeiffer-An Imprint of Wiley, USA Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011 12
  • 13. Thiết kế tất cả các thành phần Curriculum Bachelor’s of Computer Science Course “Programming with C” Lesson “Branching statements” Topic “Branching: if – else statement” “Using a flowchart to explain if – else statement and a simple program Activities Solving_quadratic_equation for illustration” “Any entity, digital or non-digital, which can be used, re-used and referenced during technology- supported learning” (IEEE 2002) The middle three units (course, lesson, and topic) may all be designed as self- contained learning objects (LO’s). Horton, W. (2006) E-Learning by design, Pfeiffer-An Imprint of Wiley, USA Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011 13
  • 14. Và có thể thấy rằng … Online distance-learning courses Traditional courses supplement with technology  Hybrid courses (face-to-face + e-Learning) E-Learning courses Traditional courses face-to-face learning BLACKCT MOODLE Online learning  Online learning is more effective than face-to-face learning;  Online learning combined with some face-to-face learning (blended/hybrid learning) is the most effective;  Face-to-face learning alone is the least effective method among the three types studied. Means, B. et al. (2009) Evaluation of Evidence-Based Practices in Online Learning: A Meta-Analysis and Review of Online Learning Studies, Final Report of US Department of Education Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011 14
  • 15. Moät moâ hình ID thích hôïp cho giaùo vieân phoå thoâng ñeå tích hôïp coâng ngheä Patricia L. Rogers (2002) – Bemidji State University (MnSCU), USA Phải được thực hiện bởi các chuyên gia sư phạm (Pedagogical Experts)  Instructional Designers Your work:  finding out what your students already know when they walk into the first day of class and  determining what knowledge you hope they will gain by the end of the course Preparing – Designing – Teaching – Testing You often do not have any background in instructional design theory or practices and have only just mastered the skills for using the delivery medium. These are the people I call “teacher-designers.” Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011 15
  • 16. Moät moâ hình ID cho „teacher-designers‟ Patricia L. Rogers (2002) Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011 16
  • 17. Focus on Curriculum Requirements (1) „teacher-designers‟ model được giả định rằng: Giáo viên đã Có một chương trình đào tạo cụ thể;  Có một hệ thống tài liệu tiêu chuẩn;  Được phân công giảng dạy cụ thể. Giáo viên Đ.Long dạy môn Tin học lớp 11, năm học 2011-2012, với kế hoạch dạy học và tài liệu giảng dạy được quy định bởi Bộ Giáo dục và Đào tạo. Xem xét cẩn thận về:  Phần cứng, phần mềm hiện có;  Khả năng truy cập tài nguyên;  Đặc tả về trường học của bạn. “Do not design for the ideal situation, design for the reality of your situation” – Rogers, 2002 Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011 17
  • 18. Focus on Goals and Learner needs (2) Goals of learning  What kinds of learning outcomes are necessary for success in this course?  Who are the learners and what do they already know? Learner Needs  What do they need to know by the end of the course? Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011 18
  • 19. Principles of Instructional Design, 4th Edition (Gagné, Briggs, & Wager, 1992) Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011 19
  • 20. Learner Needs? – xem lại PPDH2 Explantion “ educare? ” - sự giải thích đầy đủ và cặn kẽ Doing-detail - sự trình bày một cách rõ ràng và chi tiết Using the skill - thực hành và vận dụng kĩ năng đã học Check and correct - khả năng kiểm tra lại và chỉnh sửa cho đúng Aide-memoire - bản ghi chép tóm tắt Review or revision- sự nhớ lại hay ôn tập Evaluation- việc đánh giá kết quả học tập ? - cơ hội được đặt câu hỏi Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011 20
  • 21. Focus on Assessments (3) How will students demonstrate their new knowledge? Xem xét việc đánh giá trên các thành phần liên quan để xác định tính hiệu quả của việc dạy học – thỏa mãn mục tiêu (goals) và đạt các yêu cầu chương trình (outcomes) – với các phương pháp đánh giá truyền thống Trong khóa học có sử dụng công nghệ, thường phải có những yêu cầu đòi hỏi „đạt‟ những kĩ năng về công nghệ, bên cạnh nội dung kiến thức  sử dụng thêm các công cụ đánh giá dựa trên công nghệ – như Rubric (bảng đánh giá) (Campbell, Melenyzer, Nettles, & Wyman, 1999) Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011 21
  • 22. Focus on Teaching Strategies and Instructional Media (4) How do teachers match instructional media to teaching methods? Gồm cái gì, tổ chức ra sao, lưu trữ ntn, phân phối ở đâu?  Select instructional media that has necessary characteristics to support the learning goals you have identified  Select teaching strategies that facilitate learning through the use of the media. Hoạt động thầy, trò? Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011 22
  • 23. Focus on Teaching (5) Daïy hoïc duøng lôøi „hieäu quaû‟ vaø „haáp daãn‟ Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011 23
  • 24. Ví dụ minh họa … Bài 4 – Chương 1 – Sách Tin học lớp 10 – BÀI TOÁN VÀ THUẬT TOÁN Tiết 3 - Ví dụ 1: Bài toán sắp xếp Hãy thử suy nghĩ xem dự kiến những trải nghiệm học tập như sau để xây dựng kịch bản dạy học: 1. Lecture – giảng giải và trình bày thuật toán 2. Demonstration – minh họa thuật toán 3. Some easy class exercises – cho vài ví dụ, đặt câu hỏi và trả lời 4. Notes given out – ghi chép những điều cần ghi nhớ, những lưu ý quan trọng 5. A home practical – bài tập ứng dụng về nhà Mục tiêu bài dạy, chuẩn kiến thức Trọng tâm bài dạy, điểm khó Teaching scenario Kiến thức liên quan, đã biết 1. Mở đầu bài dạy 2. Hoạt động 1 – đặt vấn đề, pb vđề, gq vđề, vận dụng, củng cố 3. Hoạt động 2 – …. 4. Hoạt động …. 5. Tóm tắt bài dạy, dặn dò bài mới, … Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011 24
  • 25. Focus on Evaluating Student Gain (6) Did they attain the goals you had in mind? Did students go beyond the course goals? Or did students get lost in learning technology skills? Focus on Evaluating Teaching and the entire course (7) Evaluating student learning very quickly spills over into an evaluation of your own teaching, the scope and sequence of your course design, strategies selected, and supporting media Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011 25
  • 26. Và cuối cùng là … Revise, revise, revise Even when using formal design models, the necessity of revising and refining the materials and course design is critical to useful and effective teaching. You are never completely finished with a course, particularly courses designed for technology-enhanced learning. It isn‟t only that the technology changes and more capabilities are added, it is also a matter of changing with the needs of your learners and the gains in new knowledge in your field. Caùc baïn phaûi nhôù raèng – chæ coù caûi tieán , caûi tieán, vaø caûi tieán – thì baøi giaûng cuûa caùc baïn môùi thaät söï hieäu quaû vaø haáp daãn !!! Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011 26
  • 27. Recall and note … Essential Conditions for Technology Integration A shared vision for Tech Integration Cách nhìn chia sẻ của các cấp Empowered LeadersLãnh đạo với quyền hạn cho phép Standards and curriculum supports Chuẩn đào tạo – chương trình hỗ trợ Required Policies Qui định-chính sách cho việc sử dụng Skilled personel and opportunities for pro. development Kĩ năng con người và cơ hội phát triển nghề nghiệp Access to different resources for sustainable Integration Khả năng truy cập những nguồn tài nguyên khác nhau Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011 27
  • 28. Baøn veà vaán ñeà tieâu cöïc cuûa coâng ngheä … Nhận xét từ tính tích cực và tiêu cực của công nghệ đối với dạy học, và đặc biệt đối với thanh thiếu niên Việt Nam hiện nay. Ở góc nhìn sư phạm, bạn có suy nghĩ gì trong vai trò giáo viên Tin học của mình ở trường Phổ Thông? -Nên hay không nên triển khai việc sử dụng và khai thác Internet trong học sinh PT? -Nên hay không nên quảng bá cho việc sử dụng Internet và các dịch vụ: Weblog, Social Network, Game online, …? -Nên hay không nên ủng hộ việc ứng dụng CNTT trong dạy học (chi phí, điều kiện CSVC, chương trình-SGK, kinh nghiệm GV-HS, cách đánh giá), …? Edited by Duc-Long, Le - 2011 28
  • 29. TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC SƯ PHẠM TP HCM BỘ MÔN KĨ THUẬT DẠY HỌC KHOA CÔNG NGHỆ THÔNG TIN 280, An Dương Vương, Q5, Tp HCM ĐT: (08).8352020 - 8352021 Cám ơn đã theo dõi … Lê Đức Long Email: longld@hcmup.edu.vn; ldlongdhsp@gmail.com Website: http://www.2learner.edu.vn 29