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Data Portability and Interoperability – NETHERLANDS – June 2021 OECD discussion

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OECD Directorate for Financial and Enterprise Affairs
OECD Directorate for Financial and Enterprise Affairs

This presentation by the Netherlands Authority for Consumers & Markets, was made during the discussion “Data portability, interoperability and competition” held at the 135th meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 9 June 2021. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/dpic.

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1 Big Techs in the payment system Michiel van Leuvensteijn OECD 9th June 2021
2 Study of Big Techs in payments • The ACM has conducted a market study on Big Techs in the Dutch payment system on instigation of Ministry of Finance. • Focus of ACM on 6 Big Techs and payment system only.
3 Policy options for enhancing interoperability: • Adjust PSD2 in such a way that payment service providers gain access, under fair, reasonable and non-discriminatory criteria, to the ‘facilitating technology’ of Big Techs, if they act as gatekeeper when offering payment services. • Ex-ante instrument: ACM supports the initiatives by the European Commission.
4 Big Techs • Apple, Google, Facebook, Amazon, Ant Group/ Alibaba and Tencent. • Limited position in Dutch payment market, but growing. • PSD2 no major reason for entry.
5 Activities of Big Techs on payment markets and reasons for entry
6 Potential risks for competition: • Foreclosure of competing payment services on Big Tech platforms. • Big Techs may leverage market power that they do have on adjacent markets to payment market.

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  • 1. 1 Big Techs in the payment system Michiel van Leuvensteijn OECD 9th June 2021
  • 2. 2 Study of Big Techs in payments • The ACM has conducted a market study on Big Techs in the Dutch payment system on instigation of Ministry of Finance. • Focus of ACM on 6 Big Techs and payment system only.
  • 3. 3 Policy options for enhancing interoperability: • Adjust PSD2 in such a way that payment service providers gain access, under fair, reasonable and non-discriminatory criteria, to the ‘facilitating technology’ of Big Techs, if they act as gatekeeper when offering payment services. • Ex-ante instrument: ACM supports the initiatives by the European Commission.
  • 4. 4 Big Techs • Apple, Google, Facebook, Amazon, Ant Group/ Alibaba and Tencent. • Limited position in Dutch payment market, but growing. • PSD2 no major reason for entry.
  • 5. 5 Activities of Big Techs on payment markets and reasons for entry
  • 6. 6 Potential risks for competition: • Foreclosure of competing payment services on Big Tech platforms. • Big Techs may leverage market power that they do have on adjacent markets to payment market.