Ravana performed intense penance for Brahma, chopping off his head 10 times as a sacrifice. Each time, a new head grew back, allowing him to continue. Pleased, Brahma granted Ravana 10 heads and knowledge of the six Shastras and four Vedas. Alternatively, the 10 heads represent 10 negative forms of love like ego, lust, anger, and greed. Ravana was a great scholar and king, but it was his ego that ultimately led to his downfall in battle with Rama.