Yitzhak Ben-Zvi was a Zionist labor movement leader and historian who served as the second President of Israel. He was born in 1884 in the Russian Empire and was active in Jewish self-defense organizations in Ukraine during pogroms. After moving to Palestine, Ben-Zvi was a central figure in Hashomer and took great interest in Jewish history and communities in Israel. He authored twenty volumes on the history of Jewish settlement in Israel and established the Yad Yitzhak Ben-Zvi research institution after his death.