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Dance language of honey bees

Honey bees communicate the location of food sources through two types of dances: the round dance and the waggle dance. The round dance indicates proximity (within 50 meters) without direction, while the waggle dance conveys both distance and direction for farther sources (over 150 meters), using the sun's position as a reference. This unique dance language was notably studied by Karl von Frisch, who won a Nobel Prize for his research on the topic.

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Dance language of honey bees Name- Mamta Sahoo Class- +3 3rd year science Roll no-BS16-093
Contents: 1. Introduction 2. The round dance 3. The waggle dance 4. Conclusion
Introduction: ❖Dance language of honey bee is a type of social behaviour. ❖It is used by an individual worker to communicate at least two items of information to one or more other workers : the distance and the direction of the location (usually food source of patch of flower) ❖In 1973 the Austrian scientist Karl Von Frisch was awarded Nobel Prize for his research on the honey bee waggle dance. ❖There are two dances which are performed by the honey bees: 1. The round dance 2. The waggle dance
The round dance : ❖ When a food source is very close to the bee hive (i.e., less than 50 meters away), a forager performs a round dance. ❖ She does so by running around in narrow circles, suddenly reversing direction to her original course. ❖ She may repeat the dance several times at the same location or move to an other location to repeat the dance . ❖ After the round dance has ended, she often distributes food to the bees following her. ❖ A round dance communicates only the distance but no direction.
The waggle dance : ❖ The waggle dance or wag tail dance, is performed by bees foraging at food sources that are over 150 meters away from the hive. ❖ This dance communicates both distance and direction to the other worker bees. Distance : ❖ A bee that performs a waggle dance runs straight ahead for a short distance, returns in a semicircle to the starting point, runs again through the straight course, then makes a semicircle in the opposite direction to complete a full, figure eight circuit.
❖ While running the straight line course of dance, the bee’s body, especially the abdomen, wags vigorously sideways. ❖ This vibration gives the tail-wagging motion ❖ As the distance of the food source increases, the duration of the waggling portion of the dance also increases. ❖ Distance is indicated by the length of time it takes to make one circuit. ❖ For example, a bee may dance 8-9 circuits in 15 seconds for a food source 200 meters away, 4-5 circuits for 1000m and 3 for 2000
Direction: ❖ The orientation of the dancing bee during the straight portion of her waggle dance indicates the location of the food source relative to the sun. ❖ The angle that the bee adopts, relative to vertical, represents the angle to the flowers relative to the direction of the sun outside of the hive. ❖ A forager recruiting to a food source in the same direction as the sun , will perform a dance with the waggle run portion directly up on the comb.
❖ Conversely, if the food source were located directly away from the sun, the straight run would be directed vertically down. ❖ If the food source were 60 degrees to the left of the sun, the waggle run would be 60 degrees to the left of vertical. ❖ Because the direction information is relative to the sun’s position, a forager’s dance for a particular resource will change over time. ❖ This is because the sun’s position moves over the course of the day.
❖ Eg. • A food source located due east will have foragers dance approximately straight up in the morning (because the sun rises in the east),but will have foragers dance approximately straight down in the late afternoon(because the sun sets in the west)
Conclusion: The honey bees perform the two dances with the help of the sun, so they have a special property called as light vision property.
Thank you ……