- DALY (disability-adjusted life year) is a measure that quantifies overall disease burden, expressed as years lost due to ill-health, disability or early death. It is calculated as the sum of years of life lost due to premature mortality (YLL) and years lost due to disability (YLD) for a particular disease or health condition. DALY was developed by the World Health Organization and World Bank to help set priorities for health research and interventions. India's leading causes of DALY are ischemic heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and diarrheal diseases.

1. DALY

2. contents
• Why to study DALY?
• What is DALY& its principles?
• How it came into existence?
• How to calculate DALY?
• The components of DALY
• DALY -INDIA &World
• Latest update
• Extended points

3. Why it is necessary ?
• Denotes social weighing
• Social weighing-society”s interest in
productivity &receiving a return on its
investment in upbringing a child
• Reveals facts regarding population health
• Ex.1990 who report- 5out of 10 leading cause
of disability is psychiatric illness.
• Years lived as a young adult is valued more.

4. What is DALY?
• Measure of overall disease burden
• Expressed in terms of years
• 1 DALY = 1 lost year of healthy life
• DALY = YLL + YLD
• Yll-years of life lost d/t dying early

6. • YLD- years lived with disabilities
• Prevalence of disorder*loss of health
associated with that ds.
• Or, prevalence * disability weight
• (prevalence- old+new cases)
• Disability weight-how much a medical
condition affects a person.(severity of
disability)

8. History
• Developed by Harward university
• In year 1990 for world bank
• WHO adopted it in 1996 for health R&D
• 1st used by Murray & Lopez For WHO & world
bank
• To study global burden of ds

14. 2.Discounting
• What will you choose if i have offer to give you
a healthy life immediately and or a year later
• Almost all chooses immediately
• The value of healthy gain today is Valued more
than in future

16. DALY & INDIA
• (lancet by elsvier 2016 & Niti aayog)
• Daly D/T NCD & INJURIES>
CMNND(communicable, maternal, neonatal &
nutritional)
• Age strandardised Daly rate dropped by
36.2%(1990 to 2016)
• Major R/F for NCD- increased bp, cholesterol,
bmi.

17. Daly and India (2)
• 6 leading cause of Daly – IHD, COPD,
DIARRHOEAL DS, LRTI, Cerebrovascular ds,RTA
• 5 leading R/F for DALY- child & maternal
malnutrition, air pollution, Diet,incresed bp &
glucose fasting(N 100mg/dl)

18. DALY & World
• 5 leading cause of daly-
• CVS Ds
• Diarrhoea , meningitis
• Neuro psychiatric disorder
• Neoplasm
• Musculo skeletal disorder
• (Ref- national institue of mental
health,Bethesda, U.S 2016)

19. Latest updates
• Life expectancy-avg no of years at particular
age a person is expected to live
• In India it is 69.09yrs
• India ranks 165 while 1st is
monaco(89.37yrs),2-japan(85.52yrs),3-
singapore(85.47yrs) &last rank 228 is south
africa(50.64yrs)
•

20. Extended points
• QALY- no of years of life would be added by
intervention.
• Used to accessing value of money of med
intervention.

22. THANK YOU