The document discusses Japanese adjectives called "i-adjectives" or "dv" that modify nouns and verbs. These adjectives always end in い. They can be conjugated by dropping the い and adding other suffixes like く, くない, or かった to change the tense or add negation. The document also discusses "na-adjectives" or "dn" that can modify nouns by adding な or modify verbs by adding に. It provides examples of common i-adjectives and na-adjectives with their kanji, hiragana, romaji, and English meanings.