The document discusses two disciplines - organizational leadership and health professions - and how they relate to the oil and gas industry. It focuses on how organizational leadership is important for ensuring work is done correctly and safely. Health professions help protect worker and environmental safety, which is heavily regulated in the industry, particularly around issues like silica dust exposure and hydraulic fracturing. The goal of companies is to conduct extraction in a way that does not harm workers, the environment, or wildlife.

1. Cesar Garcia
Discussion and Evaluating
INTS 3300
D5: Discussion and Evaluating
The two disciplines I have chosen are organizational leadership and health
professions, simply because these are the disciplines that I am going to be using daily in
my career. Also, because they make the most sense to me when it comes to understanding
the oil and gas industry. Organizational leadership in the oil and gas industry is about
taking charge of the situation, the required work, and doing the job right the first time.
Health professions will help me with the safety of the workers and the regulations set on
the environment. From my two interdisciplinary perspectives of organizational leadership
and health professions I will explore the costs and benefits of oil and natural gas
extraction fro communities and their families.
What I have learned about health professions from scholarly research and peer
views is that protecting the workers, environment, and the wild animals from silica is one
of the main aspects companies try to regulate most. Breathing in silica is bad for the
lungs, which can cause lung cancer later on in a person’s life. Additionally, breathing
crystalline silica dust, which is normally found when working around hydraulic fracturing
stimulation, can cause silicosis. Companies try to regulate the harm that hydraulic
fracturing can cause on the environment, because sink holes and spoiling the water bed
would not only be bad for the environment and the wild animals, but also for near by
communities. This is the reason why hydraulic fracturing is regulated so much in the oil
and gas industry. Companies want to try and keep the environment harmless as much as
possible, because they do not want to get fined or sued. Also, they want to keep their

2. Cesar Garcia
Discussion and Evaluating
INTS 3300
workers safe from any possible harm they can get into. A company’s goal is to keep the
job safe without harming anyone, the environment, and the wild animals.
Discipline Most
Relevant to the
Problem
Perspective on Problem Stated in
General Terms
Phenomena
Biology Breathing crystalline silica dust,
which is normally found when
working around hydraulic fracturing
stimulation, can cause silicosis
Workers safety concerns
for the field of hydraulic
fracturing
Chemistry Fracture network engineering (FNE)
involves the design, analysis,
modeling, and monitoring of infield
activities aimed at enhancing or
minimizing rock mass disturbance
Improves interpretation
via direct observation of
the micromechanics
within the distinct element
models used
Earth Sciences The Energy Policy Act also
broadened Clean Water Act (CWA)
exclusions that already existed for
oil and gas drilling and production
activities to include storm water
discharge from oil and gas
construction activities
There are not specific
limitations that apply to
public owned treatment
works or centralized waste
facilities.
Economics The U.S. has shifted from a
declining producer of natural gas to
a growing producer. The Energy
Information Administration predicts
that by 2035 nearly half of U.S.
natural gas will come from shale gas
Shale gas productions are
highly controversial
because of environmental
concerns, like fear of
drinking water
contaminations
Engineering A concise market synopsis, a roster
of the key technology providers,
case studies of the fieldwork, and
exclusive analysis of industry trends
relative to the specific technology
The phenomenon was that
researchers actually
experienced advancement
in the new technology
they created

3. Cesar Garcia
Discussion and Evaluating
INTS 3300
Discipline or
School of
Thought
Theory Insight of
Theory
Strength of
Theory
Limitation of
Theory
Biology Encroachment
Theory
Workers safety
concerns for the
field of
hydraulic
fracturing
It helps the
employees and
the
environment
The regulations
on the
environment are
not as strong as
the employee
safety concerns
Chemistry Overexploitation
Theory
Developing
new
technologies to
be used in the
field
Makes
hydraulic
fracturing
more efficient
in time cost
It takes a lot of
time and money
for a new tool to
actually meet
the
requirements
Modernism Concise
information of
hydraulic
fracturing and
the uprising
technologies on
the oil and gas
industry
Employees
actually know
what to do
when they are
finally sent out
in the field
Employees
don’t get
actually hand-
on experience
until they get
into the field
Infiltration
Theory
Improves
interpretation
via direct
observation of
the
micromechanics
within the
distinct element
models used
Enhancing or
minimizing
rock mass
disturbance
The new
technology is
not fully stable
Earth Sciences Overexploitation
Theory
Rules have been
set to help well
sitting,
There are not
specific
limitations that

4. Cesar Garcia
Discussion and Evaluating
INTS 3300
completion, and
abandonment in
hydraulic
fracturing
apply to public
owned
treatment works
or centralized
waste facilities
Modernism Concise
information of
hydraulic
fracturing and
the uprising
technologies on
the oil and gas
industry
Each handbook
covers
everything
from market
overview, new
technologies,
to specific
technology
Employees
don’t get
actually hand-
on experience
until they get
into the field
Infiltration
Theory
Enhancing or
minimizing
rock mass
disturbance
Improves
interpretation
via direct
observation of
the
micromechanic
s within the
distinct
element
models used
The technology
is still a work in
progress
Economics Overexploitation
Theory
Produce natural
gas from
unconventional
shale gas
reservoirs made
possible from
horizontal
drilling and
hydraulic
fracturing
The ability to
economically
produce
natural gas
from
unconventional
shale gas
reservoirs has
been made
possible
recently
through the
application of
Shale gas
productions are
highly
controversial
because of
environmental
concerns, like
fear of drinking
water
contaminations

5. Cesar Garcia
Discussion and Evaluating
INTS 3300
horizontal
drilling and
hydraulic
fracturing
Engineering Modernism Each handbook
covers
everything from
market
overview, new
technologies, to
specific
technology
Concise
information of
hydraulic
fracturing and
the uprising
technologies
on the oil and
gas industry
It takes a lot of
time and money
for a new tool to
actually meet
the
requirements
References:
1. Montgomery, C. T., Smith, M. B., & Nsi, T. (2010). Hydraulic fracturing:-
History of an enduring technology. Journal Of Petroleum Technology (pp. 26-28,
30-32). Tulsa, OK.
2. Hydraulic Fracturing Techbook. (2012). E&P (pp. 1-92). Tulsa, OK.
3. Pettitt, W., Pierce, M., Damjanac, B., Hazzard, J., Lorig, L., Fairhurst, C., &
Itasca Consulting, G. (2011). Fracture Network Engineering For Hydraulic
Network. The Leading Edge.
4. Rahm, D. (2011). Regulating hydraulic fracturing in shale gas plays: The case of
Texas. Energy Policy (pp. 2981).
5. Mustek, T. (2014). 'Fracking' and worker safety. Safety & Health.
6. Hertzler, P. (2014). Regulation of hydraulic fracturing operations at the federal
and state levels. American Water Works Association (pp. 58-65).