Information communication technology has become integral to daily life and transformed how people communicate, socialize, and do activities online. However, increased internet usage has also led to rising cybercrimes. The document discusses definitions of cybercrimes and cyberspace, different types of cybercrimes like those against individuals, property, organizations, and society. It provides examples of cybercrimes and relevant laws. Proper implementation of laws like the Information Technology Act 2000 can help curb the growing threat of cybercrimes by making cyberspace more secure.

2. Information Communication technology has become an integral part of our day to day
life. It has just transformed the way we communicate; make friends, share updates,
play games, and do shopping and so on. The technology has impacted most aspect of
our day to day life.
Our new generation is getting exposure to cyber space at a very young age. More and
more people are investing time online to play games, makes friends, and use social
networking sites and so on. In fact with smart phones access to social networking,
online games, shopping etc. has increased significantly. The cyber space connects us
virtually with crores of online users from across the globe. With increasing use of
cyber space, cybercrimes are also increasing rapidly.

3. The term “cyberspace” was first used by the cyberpunk science fiction
author William Gibson.
Cyberspace is the electronic medium of computer networks, in which
online communication taken place and where individuals can interact,
exchange ideas, share information, provide social support, conduct
business, direct actions, create artistic media, play games, engage in
political discussion, and so on.

4. The first recorded cybercrime took place in the year 1820.
Cyber Crime may be said to be those species of which, genus is the
conventional crime, and where either the computer is an object or
subject of the constituting crime.
According to UNO Expert recommendations, the term of
“cybercrimes” covers any crime committed by using computer
system or networks, within their framework or against them.
US Department of Justice broadly refers to cyber crimes as “forms
of crimes that involve computers and networks”.

5. Professor S.T. Viswanathan has given three definitions in his book The Indian Cyber
Laws with Cyber Glossary is as follows -
“Any illegal action in which a computer is the tool or object of the crime i.e. any
crime, the means or purpose of which is to influence the function of a computer”.
“Any incident associated with computer technology in which a victim suffered or
could have suffered loss and a perpetrator, by intention, made or could have made
a gain”
“Computer abuse is considered as any illegal, unethical or unauthorized behavior
relating to the automatic processing and transmission of data.”
In simple words Cyber Crime means unlawful acts wherein the computer is
either a tool or a target or both.

6. 1. Cyber Crime against Individual
2. Cyber Crime against Property
3. Cyber Crime against Organization
4. Cyber Crime against Society at large

7.  Harassment via e-mail
 Cyber Stalking
 Dissemination of Obscene materials
 Defamation
 Unauthorise Access of computer system
 E-mail spoofing
 Cheating & Fraud

8.  Computer Vandalism
 Transmitting Virus
 Intellectual Property Crimes
 Internet time theft

9.  Unauthorise access over Computer System/Hacking
 Denial of Service
 Email bombing
 Salami Attack
 Logic bomb
 Trojan Horse
 Data Diddling

10.  Cyber Pornography
 Financial Crimes
 Cyber Terrorism
 Sale of illegal Articles
 Online Gambling
 Forgery

11.  Information Technology Act 2000
Sec. 65, Sec. 66, Sec. 66B, Sec. 65C, Sec. 66 D Sec. 66E
Sec. 66F Sec. 67 Sec. 67A Sec. 67B Sec. 67C Sec. 68 69
Sec. 69A Sec. 69B Sec. 70A Sec. 70B Sec. 71, Sec. 72, Sec.
72A, Sec. 73 , Sec. 74
 Indian Penal Code 1860
Sec. 503, Sec. 499, Sec. 463, Sec. 420, Sec. 463, Sec. 383,
Sec.500

12.  Online Defamation
SMC Pneumatics (India) Pvt ltd v Jogesh Kwata
Shreya Singhal v. UOI
 Data mining or corporate espionage
Abhinav Gupta v. State of Haryana
 Phishing
Shri Umashankar Sivasubramanian v. ICICI Bank
 Cyber stalking
Unknown v. Jawaharlal Nehru University
 Computer Forgery
Abdul Kareem Telgi scam
Parliament Attack case
 Hate Speech
Sandeep Varghese v. State of Kerala
 Piracy of music, films and other
copyrighted materials
Supercasette Industries v. My space inc

13.  1) Education
 2) Use a firewall
 3) Click with caution
 4) Practice safe surfing
 5) Practice safe shopping
 6) Use comprehensive security software and keep your system updated
 7) Secure your wireless network
 8) Use strong passwords
 9) Use common sense
 10) Be suspicious

14.  11) Block spyware attacks
 12) Be Social-Media Savvy
 13) Secure your Mobile Devices
 14) Protect your Data
 15) Protect your e-identity
 16) Avoid being scammed
 17) Call the right person for help
 18) National Cyber Crime Reporting Portal:
https://cybercrime.gov.in/

15. The Information Technology Act 2000 incorporates within
its understanding the various cyber offences that the world
is under the threat of in the contemporary era. Proper and
timely implementation of the Act may help to curb the
cyber menace and also make the cyber space a more
secure, safe and easy space for storage, transactions and
definitely sharing. Its proper interpretation and
implementation is what is the need of the hour.

16. “Be Safe, Brows Safe,
Be Cyber Smart,
Be Cyber Safe.”