The document discusses NIED's efforts to develop a disaster information sharing system in Japan. (1) Most prefectures now have their own systems, but wide-area sharing is difficult. NIED has developed a system using open-source software that allows different agencies to exchange map information. (2) For large disasters affecting multiple regions, NIED aims to implement a "distributed operation" where each organization cooperates by operating their own systems and sharing information, rather than having one entity manage all data. (3) Pilot projects are underway in Kyushu prefectures to test wide-area information sharing using NIED's system. Standardization of data formats and access controls is still needed

1. NIEDBOSAI-DRIP
NationalResearchInstituteforEarthScienceandDisasterResilience,DisasterRiskInformationProject
1
Tadashi ISE
Principal Research Fellow, Disaster Risk Unit,
NIED, (National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience ), Japan
2018/10/02 IDRiM 2018 in Sydney 防災科研

2. NIEDBOSAI-DRIP
NationalResearchInstituteforEarthScienceandDisasterResilience,DisasterRiskInformationProject Current status of disaster information sharing system (1)
 The Great Hanshin-Awaji earthquake (1995) was the first huge
urban disaster in Japan after the War.
 In the response for this earthquake, disaster information
(information about damage and response) was not shared smoothly.
 From these experiences, we strongly recognized that we need
a system for smooth information sharing.
 Since this disaster, many disaster information sharing systems
have been researched, developed, and implemented.
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3. NIEDBOSAI-DRIP
NationalResearchInstituteforEarthScienceandDisasterResilience,DisasterRiskInformationProject
 Questionnaire survey on 47 prefectures nationwide
» Tadashi ISE, et al., “Use Situation of System Concerning Sharing
Disaster Information on Municipality”, Technical Note of NIED No.401,
2015.
77%
2%
13%
0%
8%
0%
都道府県
33%
0%
19%
48%
0% 0%
政令市
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■Status of disaster information sharing system
 More than 90% of prefectures have already implemented some kind of
disaster information sharing system using ICT.
 About 80% of prefectures responded that “prefectures and their
municipalities use the same disaster information system and share
disaster information".
Prefecture and all municipalities use the same disaster
information system and share disaster information
Prefecture and part of municipalities use the same disaster
information system and share disaster information
Prefecture and municipalities independently develop and use
disaster information systems
we do not own or use a disaster information system
Current status of disaster information sharing system (2)
3 years ago

4. NIEDBOSAI-DRIP
NationalResearchInstituteforEarthScienceandDisasterResilience,DisasterRiskInformationProject
 Structure of Japanese Government
» Central government (Ministries) – 47 Prefectures - 1741 Municipalities
» Prefectures and municipalities are called “Jichi-tai”
» “Jichi-tai” set out their own disaster prevention plans according to
local characteristics.
» But on the other hand, cooperation is difficult.
» Furthermore, the Ministry of Disaster does not exist independently in
the central government. .
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Country
(Ministries)
47 Prefectures
1741 Municipalities自治体
Jichi - tai
Autonomy
Self-government body
Current status of disaster information sharing system (3)

5. NIEDBOSAI-DRIP
NationalResearchInstituteforEarthScienceandDisasterResilience,DisasterRiskInformationProject Case of Actual Disaster Response
 At the time of a disaster, NIED rushes to the disaster site,
organizes various disaster information, and creates maps.
 From 2018 the activity became official as ISUT (Information
Support Team for Disaster Response).
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WebGIS

6. NIEDBOSAI-DRIP
NationalResearchInstituteforEarthScienceandDisasterResilience,DisasterRiskInformationProject
 2016 Kumamoto earthquakes: 50 people died
 We organized handwritten data on WebGIS.
 There was a large port in Oita prefecture (right side of the screen), and
relieves were brought to Kumamoto prefecture through Oita prefecture.
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Oita Pref.
Kumamoto Pref.
Case of Actual Disaster Response 2016 Kumamoto earthquakes

7. NIEDBOSAI-DRIP
NationalResearchInstituteforEarthScienceandDisasterResilience,DisasterRiskInformationProject Case of Actual Disaster Response 2018 West-Japan heavy rain
 In July 2018, heavy rain in west Japan, 227 people died.
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Yamaguchi Pref.
Hiroshima Pref.
Okayama Pref.
Ehime Pref.
Kochi Pref.

8. NIEDBOSAI-DRIP
NationalResearchInstituteforEarthScienceandDisasterResilience,DisasterRiskInformationProject Point of Issues of Disaster Information System
 Point of Issues
» In Japan, most of prefectures have disaster information sharing system
as a unique system.
» For this reason, it is difficult to share information across prefectural
borders.
 Current status of response
» In the event of disaster, ISUT organizes
information comprehensively and creates maps.
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ISUT can not cover the whole area in wide and sever disaster
like Nankai-Trough Earthquake.
In the Tokyo inland earthquake, ISUT itself may be damaged.
But !!
It is necessary to have a mechanism
• that information of each prefecture is shared smoothly,
• and common opelational picture (COP) is shared.

9. NIEDBOSAI-DRIP
NationalResearchInstituteforEarthScienceandDisasterResilience,DisasterRiskInformationProject Efforts for Wide Area Information Sharing (1)
 NIED Disaster Information Sharing System
» Internet System based on WebGIS
» Easy customization of information design (required information items,
operation procedures, etc.)
» Information can be exchanged with other systems via “Clearing-house"
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(2) Display procedures
of each operation with
menu buttons
(1) Tab format to classify
operations of emergency
disaster correspondence

10. NIEDBOSAI-DRIP
NationalResearchInstituteforEarthScienceandDisasterResilience,DisasterRiskInformationProject
10
What is Clearing house?
System for capturing map information provided by other organizations
Clearing house
Step 3
Get meta data of map info.
Step 1
Register meta data (name,
format, location etc.) of the
map info. to be provided
Step 2
Search map info.
Step 4
Request map info.
Step 5
Acquire map info.
Efforts for Wide Area Information Sharing (2)
Provider Receiver
DB

11. NIEDBOSAI-DRIP
NationalResearchInstituteforEarthScienceandDisasterResilience,DisasterRiskInformationProject
Virtual DB
CH
CH CH
CH
CH
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How to share with multiple organizations?
 Basically, each prefecture constructs CH and connects each.
 NIED will provide specification of CH for disaster info.
Prefecture A
DB
Fire Department
DB
Prefecture B
DB
Self Defensive Force
DB
Efforts for Wide Area Information Sharing (3)
CH: Clearing house
Distributed Operation

12. NIEDBOSAI-DRIP
NationalResearchInstituteforEarthScienceandDisasterResilience,DisasterRiskInformationProject For Implementation - Southwest Rescue (1)
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Efforts of 2018: Southwest Rescue
• “Southwest Rescue” is disaster prevention drills in 8 prefectures in the Kyushu region
organized by JGSDF (Japan Ground Self Defense Force).
• In Southwest Rescue, we confirmed the merits of wide-area disaster information
sharing using NIED disaster information sharing system.
Oita Pref.
Fukuoka Pref.
Nagasaki Pref.
Saga Pref.
Kumamoto Pref.
Miyazaki Pref.

13. NIEDBOSAI-DRIP
NationalResearchInstituteforEarthScienceandDisasterResilience,DisasterRiskInformationProject
 3 Pref. have begun to work towards wide-area sharing
» Basic design is going this fiscal year, with NIED system.
» But more standardization is necessary.
• Unification of pictograms
• Unification of data-format etc.
• Restrict of access
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NIED coordinates these issues.
NIED aims to build standard provisions to smoothly
share disaster information.
For Implementation - Southwest Rescue (2)
Not yet
Damaged
Opened
Closed

14. NIEDBOSAI-DRIP
NationalResearchInstituteforEarthScienceandDisasterResilience,DisasterRiskInformationProject Summary:
NIED's efforts for disaster information wide area sharing
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 In the event of wide area disasters like the Nankai Trough
Earthquake, information sharing among many agencies is
necessary.
 In Japan, the disaster information system is introduced in
most prefectures, but since it was built as a unique system,
wide area sharing is difficult.
 NIED has developed a disaster information system in which
different organizations can exchange map information, and has
published it as “open source program”.
 NIED aims to implement “Distributed Operation" that each
institution operates cooperatively, rather than someone
managing all the information.
 In the Kyushu area, implementations for sharing wide area
information have begun.

15. NIEDBOSAI-DRIP
NationalResearchInstituteforEarthScienceandDisasterResilience,DisasterRiskInformationProject
15
I’d like to thank you for your attention.