The document explores the concept of culture, defining it as a complex whole that includes learned behaviors, beliefs, and norms shared by members of society. It discusses characteristics of culture, cultural change, socialization processes, and the roles of different agents of socialization, such as family, school, peer groups, religion, and mass media. Additionally, it highlights the importance of understanding cultural relativity and adaptation in the context of societal interactions.

1. CULTURE

2. Culture is that complex whole which
includes knowledge, belief, art, law,
morals, customs and other capabilities
and habits acquired by man as a
member of society.
- An eminent scholar Edward B. Taylor,
18th century Englishanthropologist
Culture

3. The configuration of learned behaviour,
and the result of behaviour, whose
component elements are shared and
transmitted by the members of a
particular society. - Linton
Culture

4. A collective term for patterns of
essential and normative assertions taken
from literature, language or drama or
sounds in music, or symbols in sculpture
and art, or movement in dance and
ballet. -Kasper
Culture

5. Man’s effort to live in harmony with his
environment.
Culture is the product of human
experience.
Culture

6. CHARACTERISTICS OFCULTURE:
1.Culture islearned.

7. CHARACTERISTICS OFCULTURE:
2.All people have variedculture.

8. CHARACTERISTICS OFCULTURE:
3. Culture is agroup product.

9. CHARACTERISTICS OFCULTURE:
4. Culture is transmitted from generation
to generation. Culture is cumulative and
enables man to improve what other generations
have accomplished

10. CHARACTERISTICS OFCULTURE:
5. Culture is adaptive. Culture is
continually changing – it is said that there
is nothing more certain than culture
change.

11. Folkways, the Mores andTaboos

12. Cultural Norms
A cultural
standard of
norm
what
is an established
a group expects in
terms of thought andconduct.

13. Ideal and RealCulture
Ideal culture consists of officially
approved behaviour patterns while real
culture consist of what people actually
do in their day to day practices without
due consideration to their officialstatus.

14. Sub-Culture
A sub-culture is a group smaller than a
society, it is related to the larger culture
in the sensethat it accepts many of its
norms but the sub-culture is also
some
distinguishable because it
has norms of its
own.

15. Cultural Relativity
It is impossible to understand behaviour
patterns of other groups if we analyze
them only in terms of our motives and
values. A trait which may be disruptive
in one society may be vital to the
stability of another.

16. Cultural Shock

17. Cultural Shock
It is a condition when an individual is
exposed to an alien cultural
environment and among people who do
not share his fundamentalbelief.

18. Cultural change occurs whenever new
traits and trait complexes like traditions,
values and customs emerge to replace
the old ones in contentand structure.
Cultural Change

19. Cultural Lag
It is when the non-material element of
culture like norms, values and beliefs
attempt to keep pace with changes in
the material element of culture like
technology.

20. Enculturation
This is a process by which people
become part of the nativeculture.

21. Acculturation
It is the context between one culture
and another to change the existing
traits.
A cultural diffusion where about two
societies sustain contact with one
another was one culture is subordinate
of another.

22. SOCIALIZATION

23. Socialization Education
continuous process of learning

24. Socialization can be described as the
process of adaptation by the individuals
to the conventional patterns of
behaviour. It thus occurs on account of
the individual’s interaction with others
and the expression of the culture which
operates through them.
Socialization

25. Socialization Levels
Social scientist have identified three
levels of life which a person undergoes
in the process of growth and
development.

26. 1.Thevegetative level
This characterized by preoccupation with
food. Its main thought is survival.
Although it possesses the potentials for
thinking and reasoning (the intellect) it
still hasno “self”.
Socialization Level

27. 2.Theanimal level
This is characterized by desires for sex
and reproduction.
Socialization Level

28. 3.Thehuman level
This stage implies the attainment of a
personality we refer to as a “human
being”. He becomes a “person” as
differentiated from the term“individual”.
Socialization Level

29. The survival
solidly on
of any society depends
the sufficient degree of
homogeneity amongst its members.
Agents ofSocialization

30. Agents ofSocialization

31. TheFamily
The family is one of the many small face-
to-face groups that are called primary
groups saddled with the responsibility of
giving the offspring a qualitative and
decent pattern of living.
The foundation of socialization
because that is the first contact of
the child

33. TheSchool
It
socialize
s
opportunity
the child,
gives to
manifest
potentialities, capabilities,
him the
his qualities,
instincts,
drives and motives and helps to develop
his personality. The teacher’s personality
and character provide a mode which he
strives to copy, thereby consciously
molding hispersonality.

35. ThePeerGroup
The peer group is the child’s own friends
and equals with similar drives, motives
and interests. It is a world in which the
child has equal and at times superior
status to others.

37. Religious Houses
Religion is therefore a whole way of life
and not just something that believer can
take up or put down as the fancy takes
them. People who share the same
religious beliefs will also hold the same
attitudes and opinions, and will behave
in the same religious
institutions help
way.
Thus,
in the
socialization
processof its members.

40. Mass Media
The mass media as an agent of
socialization have their own technical
characteristics. There are two major
types namely “Print andElectronic”.

41. The different media largely because of
technical characteristics are used in
different ways by children and hence
different types of messages are passed
through mass media. Children need to
be guided in the usage of their leisure
hours in the patronage and utilization of
mass media to discourage cultivation
and learning of negativeideas.
Mass Media