European Leather Repair of Seattle, Washington presents how to restore and maintain Cruise Ship leather upholstery. Cruise lines have leather furniture worth 100’s of thousands, if not millions of dollars on their ships. Heat, suntan and body oil, and abuse all take their toll on leather furniture. Cleaning and maintenance will keep this expensive investment looking good, and last longer.
Men’s Leather Bags: More Than 1,000 Designs for Referencenickthames
In general, this book provides the basic knowledge of leather and leather crafting.
For advanced crafter, this book studies more than 30 luxury brands and gives you 5,000 quality photos of bags. It is about 400 MB of photos. There are all bag types: All-in-one Bag, Backpack, Briefcase, Cross Body Bag, Duffel Bag, Gym Bag, Hobo Bag, Holdall Bag, Laptop Bag, Luggage, Messenger Bag, Satchel, Shoulder Bag, and Tote Bag. And they are from brands like: Alexander McQueen, Balenciaga, Boss, Bottega Veneta, Brook Brothers, Burberry, Christian Dior, Coach, Dolce & Gabbana, DSquared2, Armani, Zegna, Fendi, Gucci, Hermes, John Varvatos, Longchamp, Louis Vuitton, Luca Chiara, M.R.K.T., Marc Jacobs, Michael Kors, Mulberry, Paul Smith, Pineider, Prada, Ralph Lauren, Salvatore Ferragamo, Tod's, Tom Ford, Valentino Garavani, and Yves Saint Laurent.
Tanning is the process of making leather from animal skins using tannin or other chemicals. It permanently alters the protein structure of skin so it does not decompose. Historically, tanning was an unpleasant process done on the outskirts of towns. Modern tanning involves four stages - preparation, tanning, retanning, and finishing. Preparation includes curing and liming hides to remove hair and fats. Chelsi Leather produces various leather goods from hides like cow, buffalo, goat, fish and snake for bags, shoes and more.
How to Start Leather Production, Processing & Tannery BusinessAjjay Kumar Gupta
Leather Industry has been one of the traditional industries operating at present. The hides and skins of animals are the source of leather and preserving hides and tanning them into leather has become an important industry. Leather-making is now a scientifically based industry, but still retains some of the charm and mystery of the original craft. Tanning is the final process in turning hides and skins into leather. Tanning involves a complex combination of mechanical and chemical processes.
See more
http://goo.gl/nfPBBP
http://goo.gl/qwZbf5
http://www.entrepreneurindia.co/
Tags
Book on Leather Technology, Booming Leather Industry, Business guidance on Leather Processing Industry, Business guidance on Leather Tanning Industry, Business Plan for a Startup Business, Business Plan of Leather Products, How to Start a Leather Business Startup Business, How to start a leather goods export business in India, How to start a leather manufacturing business, How to Start a Leather Production Business, How to Start a Leather tanning industry?, How to start a successful Leather business, How to start leather business in India, How to Start Leather Processing Industry in India, How to Start Leather Production, Processing & Tannery Business, Leather bag business plan, Leather Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Leather business Ideas, Leather Export Business Ideas, Leather Making Small Business Manufacturing, Leather manufacturing business plan, Leather Manufacturing Business, Leather processing and tanning technology with manufacturing, Leather processing business plan, Leather Processing Industry in India, Leather Processing Technology, Leather production business plan, Leather production processes, Leather production, Leather tannery business plan, Leather Tanning Based Profitable Projects, Leather Tanning Business, Leather Tanning Process Technical and processing, Leather technology books, Manufacture of antique leather, Manufacture of Box and Willow Sides, Manufacture of chamois leather, Manufacture of Chrome Picking Band and Lace Leather, Manufacture of Chrome Sole Leather, Manufacture of half tanned leather, Manufacture of harness, saddlery, belting and bag leather, Manufacture of japanned and enamelled leather, Manufacture of light and fancy leathers, Manufacture of upholstery leather, Manufacture of Vegetable Tanned Sole Leather, Most Profitable Leather Processing Business Ideas, New small scale ideas in Leather processing industry, Profitable Leather Business Ideas, Profitable Small Scale Leather Manufacturing, Setting up and opening your Leather Business, Setting up of Leather Processing Units, Small Scale Leather Processing Projects, Small scale Leather production line, Small Start-up Business Project, Start up India, Stand up India, Starting a Leather Processing Business, Start-up Business Plan for Leather tanning, Startup Project for Leather tanning Business, Tannery business plan
The document discusses various topics related to tanning and processing of animal skins. It covers the structure and composition of animal skin, the processes involved in tanning such as soaking, liming, unhairing, deliming, bating and pickling. It also discusses materials and methods used for tanning, including vegetable tanning, chrome tanning and aldehyde tanning. The document notes the pollution caused by tanneries and treatment methods for tannery effluents. It also covers classification and properties of textile fibers such as cotton and silk, as well as bleaching, dyeing and finishing processes for textiles.
How to buy leather goods & travel in style for founders / CEO/ Entrepreneurs ...Emmanuel Omikunle
I'm sure many of you have bought leather goods or what you thought was leather and just regretted it. If you don't buy quality goods the first time and that also last. . .you most likely end up throwing out many poor quality: watch bands, shoes, bags, couches, jackets, purses, car sits, etc. Identify Leather. The holidays are coming, birthdays, gift giving, weddings, a_ _-kissing, and many more events are going to be a part of your living life. And part of that life will involve making sure to buy quality-genuine leather and not be stuck with an inferior product that you regret ever buying. Pick up full eBook on sale today https://mblog.bjmannyst.com/2019/11/how-to-buy-leather-goods-travel-in.html
Sichuan Zhen Jing Corp. specializes in manufacturing leather products including furniture and automotive upholstery leather, as well as shoe upper leather. It has three production lines and major customers include automakers. The company purchases raw hides from a single source in Australia, allowing for traceability. It has invested in expanding production capacity and improving wastewater treatment to meet environmental standards.
The document summarizes the deer skin tanning process used by Simco Leather Corporation. It describes the various steps involved, from receiving the deer hides to finishing the leather. It also discusses the viability of developing a domestic exotic leather industry in the US and some of the challenges, including the need for a consistent supply of hides and niche markets for smaller producers.
Men’s Leather Bags: More Than 1,000 Designs for Referencenickthames
In general, this book provides the basic knowledge of leather and leather crafting.
For advanced crafter, this book studies more than 30 luxury brands and gives you 5,000 quality photos of bags. It is about 400 MB of photos. There are all bag types: All-in-one Bag, Backpack, Briefcase, Cross Body Bag, Duffel Bag, Gym Bag, Hobo Bag, Holdall Bag, Laptop Bag, Luggage, Messenger Bag, Satchel, Shoulder Bag, and Tote Bag. And they are from brands like: Alexander McQueen, Balenciaga, Boss, Bottega Veneta, Brook Brothers, Burberry, Christian Dior, Coach, Dolce & Gabbana, DSquared2, Armani, Zegna, Fendi, Gucci, Hermes, John Varvatos, Longchamp, Louis Vuitton, Luca Chiara, M.R.K.T., Marc Jacobs, Michael Kors, Mulberry, Paul Smith, Pineider, Prada, Ralph Lauren, Salvatore Ferragamo, Tod's, Tom Ford, Valentino Garavani, and Yves Saint Laurent.
Tanning is the process of making leather from animal skins using tannin or other chemicals. It permanently alters the protein structure of skin so it does not decompose. Historically, tanning was an unpleasant process done on the outskirts of towns. Modern tanning involves four stages - preparation, tanning, retanning, and finishing. Preparation includes curing and liming hides to remove hair and fats. Chelsi Leather produces various leather goods from hides like cow, buffalo, goat, fish and snake for bags, shoes and more.
How to Start Leather Production, Processing & Tannery BusinessAjjay Kumar Gupta
Leather Industry has been one of the traditional industries operating at present. The hides and skins of animals are the source of leather and preserving hides and tanning them into leather has become an important industry. Leather-making is now a scientifically based industry, but still retains some of the charm and mystery of the original craft. Tanning is the final process in turning hides and skins into leather. Tanning involves a complex combination of mechanical and chemical processes.
See more
http://goo.gl/nfPBBP
http://goo.gl/qwZbf5
http://www.entrepreneurindia.co/
Tags
Book on Leather Technology, Booming Leather Industry, Business guidance on Leather Processing Industry, Business guidance on Leather Tanning Industry, Business Plan for a Startup Business, Business Plan of Leather Products, How to Start a Leather Business Startup Business, How to start a leather goods export business in India, How to start a leather manufacturing business, How to Start a Leather Production Business, How to Start a Leather tanning industry?, How to start a successful Leather business, How to start leather business in India, How to Start Leather Processing Industry in India, How to Start Leather Production, Processing & Tannery Business, Leather bag business plan, Leather Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Leather business Ideas, Leather Export Business Ideas, Leather Making Small Business Manufacturing, Leather manufacturing business plan, Leather Manufacturing Business, Leather processing and tanning technology with manufacturing, Leather processing business plan, Leather Processing Industry in India, Leather Processing Technology, Leather production business plan, Leather production processes, Leather production, Leather tannery business plan, Leather Tanning Based Profitable Projects, Leather Tanning Business, Leather Tanning Process Technical and processing, Leather technology books, Manufacture of antique leather, Manufacture of Box and Willow Sides, Manufacture of chamois leather, Manufacture of Chrome Picking Band and Lace Leather, Manufacture of Chrome Sole Leather, Manufacture of half tanned leather, Manufacture of harness, saddlery, belting and bag leather, Manufacture of japanned and enamelled leather, Manufacture of light and fancy leathers, Manufacture of upholstery leather, Manufacture of Vegetable Tanned Sole Leather, Most Profitable Leather Processing Business Ideas, New small scale ideas in Leather processing industry, Profitable Leather Business Ideas, Profitable Small Scale Leather Manufacturing, Setting up and opening your Leather Business, Setting up of Leather Processing Units, Small Scale Leather Processing Projects, Small scale Leather production line, Small Start-up Business Project, Start up India, Stand up India, Starting a Leather Processing Business, Start-up Business Plan for Leather tanning, Startup Project for Leather tanning Business, Tannery business plan
The document discusses various topics related to tanning and processing of animal skins. It covers the structure and composition of animal skin, the processes involved in tanning such as soaking, liming, unhairing, deliming, bating and pickling. It also discusses materials and methods used for tanning, including vegetable tanning, chrome tanning and aldehyde tanning. The document notes the pollution caused by tanneries and treatment methods for tannery effluents. It also covers classification and properties of textile fibers such as cotton and silk, as well as bleaching, dyeing and finishing processes for textiles.
How to buy leather goods & travel in style for founders / CEO/ Entrepreneurs ...Emmanuel Omikunle
I'm sure many of you have bought leather goods or what you thought was leather and just regretted it. If you don't buy quality goods the first time and that also last. . .you most likely end up throwing out many poor quality: watch bands, shoes, bags, couches, jackets, purses, car sits, etc. Identify Leather. The holidays are coming, birthdays, gift giving, weddings, a_ _-kissing, and many more events are going to be a part of your living life. And part of that life will involve making sure to buy quality-genuine leather and not be stuck with an inferior product that you regret ever buying. Pick up full eBook on sale today https://mblog.bjmannyst.com/2019/11/how-to-buy-leather-goods-travel-in.html
Sichuan Zhen Jing Corp. specializes in manufacturing leather products including furniture and automotive upholstery leather, as well as shoe upper leather. It has three production lines and major customers include automakers. The company purchases raw hides from a single source in Australia, allowing for traceability. It has invested in expanding production capacity and improving wastewater treatment to meet environmental standards.
The document summarizes the deer skin tanning process used by Simco Leather Corporation. It describes the various steps involved, from receiving the deer hides to finishing the leather. It also discusses the viability of developing a domestic exotic leather industry in the US and some of the challenges, including the need for a consistent supply of hides and niche markets for smaller producers.
It gives you all about leather processing. Leather tanning is completely decribe in this slide. What is Leathe, its manufacturing process and all about leather tanning is decribe in this slide. It will help u a lot. It's process management. The Raw material we need in leather manufacturing process is used in it.
The document describes various leather care products available from Leathermagic.co.uk including leather cleaners, conditioners, stain and ink removers, dyes, repair kits, protection creams, and aroma creams. Leathermagic offers a wide range of products designed to clean, protect, repair, and restore leather surfaces. The products described include leather 3-in-1 cleaner and conditioner, ink and stain remover kits, leather dye cans, repair touch-up kits filled with dyes and tints, sealants, and fillers for heavy repairs.
Tannery industrial process, Waste generation, and Waste management.pptxUthaiya
The process of tanning leather involves five main steps: pre-tanning, tanning, selecting, dressing, and finishing. During tanning, chemicals are used to change the structure of leather fibers and make them more durable and resistant to bacteria and fungi. Common tanning methods include mineral tanning using chromium salts, vegetable tanning using plant materials, and oil tanning using fats. The tanning process generates significant solid and liquid waste, as up to 80% of the raw hide material is released as solid waste and processing one ton of hides produces 15,000-50,000 liters of wastewater.
The document provides information about the leather industry and the leather manufacturing process. It discusses the various stages of processing raw hides and skins into leather, including pre-tanning processes like soaking, liming, bating, pickling, and tanning methods like vegetable tanning and chrome tanning. It also describes different types of leather and their uses in products. The leather industry is an important sector for Pakistan's economy, contributing to its export growth.
The document provides information about various topics in cosmetic chemistry including the global market for skincare and color cosmetics, and discusses nail polish, nail polish remover, lipstick, and hair dyes. It describes the raw materials, manufacturing processes, and key chemical ingredients used in these cosmetic products.
L'Oreal and M.A.C are two leading cosmetic brands with global presence. L'Oreal is the largest cosmetic company in the world with a diverse product portfolio and extensive distribution network across countries. M.A.C started as a professional brand but also appeals to everyday consumers. Both companies price their products according to local market conditions, with developed markets having higher prices. They utilize a variety of distribution channels from department stores to online. L'Oreal's distribution is more widespread while M.A.C focuses on its own branded stores.
This document summarizes types of leather finishing processes. It discusses aniline finishing, which uses water-soluble dyes and is best for high quality leather with few blemishes. Semi-aniline finishing leaves the grain partially exposed with a thin protective layer. Pigmented finishing fully coats the leather with resin-based pigment to produce a uniform color and hide defects. Each type is suited to different applications - aniline is for soft items, semi-aniline for quality without maintenance, and pigmented is durable for everyday use and withstanding wear.
This document provides an overview of the chrome tanning process at Super Tannery Ltd. It begins with an introduction to the company and its commitment to quality and the environment. It then describes the key processes involved in chrome tanning, including beamhouse operations like liming, unhairing, and pickling, as well as the tanning operations using chromium salts. The summary highlights the company's emphasis on quality, environmental standards, and technical innovation in its chrome tanning operations.
The document discusses the leather processing and manufacturing industry. It describes the key stages in leather production including preparatory stages like soaking, degreasing and tanning. It also outlines the major leather products manufactured and exported from India like footwear, bags and accessories. The document notes that the industry has environmental impacts due to the chemicals used in tanning and addresses some government regulations and programs to support the sector.
The document promotes Israeli beauty and cosmetic companies exhibiting at a 2012 trade show. It provides information on 10 Israeli companies, including their product lines and reasons to visit their booths. The overall message is that the trade show provides an opportunity to find high quality beauty products and meet with Israeli companies.
This document provides information about chrome tanning training done at Super Tannery India Ltd. It discusses the company background and various leather products produced. It then describes the multi-step chrome tanning process, including soaking, liming, pickling, tanning, post-tanning operations, and finishing. Quality tests are presented to check physical and chemical properties of the finished leather. Wastewater generation and treatment during tanning are also summarized. Purity tests done to check chromium oxide content and treat effluent are mentioned at the end.
Harry Stahl began blending chemicals in his bath tub in 1914 to supply the growing leather tanning industry. He founded the Stahl Finish Company in 1930. After expanding globally following World War II, Stahl now has manufacturing sites and technical centers worldwide, employing over 1,250 staff to supply over 4,000 leather finishing products with annual sales over €300 million. Stahl invests in developing environmentally friendly products and processes to serve industries like automotive, fashion, footwear and furniture.
zhen jing SS2018 HIGH FAST SUEDE PRODUCT BRIEFDerek Chagnon
Zhen Jing Leather provides several types of high performance suede with various advantages:
- High Fast suede delivers unique physical properties, superior characteristics, and fashionable colors appealing to athletic brands and everyday lifestyle.
- Kidder Fast suede is specifically engineered for children's safety with industry certifications and testing for heavy metals and chemicals.
- Upsacle performance suede has a pure silky, soft satin hand feel and is made from best graded raw materials.
- Washed Out performance suede has a retro, vintage washed look appealing to teens while maintaining softness and nap after washing.
We are Manufacturers & exporters of Leather & Simulated Leather Products.
Introducing an Exclusive range of Leather & Simulated Leather Gifts for all occasions
Leather is a strong, flexible and durable material obtained from the tanning, or chemical treatment, of animal skins and hides to prevent decay. The most common leathers come from cattle, sheep, goats, equine animals, buffalo, pigs and hogs, and aquatic animals such as seals and alligators.
Leather can be used to make a variety of items, including clothing, footwear, handbags, furniture, decorations, belts, tools and sports equipment, and lasts for decades. Leather making has been practiced for more than 7,000 years and the leading producers of leather today are China and India,london and pakistan.
What is tanning? Overview of Leather Processing Process 2019lambraven18
Tanning is the process of treating animal skins to produce leather. It permanently alters the structure of collagen in the skin making it less biodegradable and more durable. Historically, tanning used tannins, compounds from oak bark, but the modern process often uses chromium sulfate. The tanning process involves several steps - skins are soaked, limed to remove hair and fats, pickled to lower the pH, and tanned using chromium salts which crosslink with collagen, producing a long-lasting material. Chrome tanning is now very common and produces leather suitable for bags and clothing in under a day.
The document discusses the importance of degreasing leather before tanning to remove natural greases that could interfere with processing or react with tanning agents, it describes common degreasing methods and defects caused by inadequate degreasing, and provides a comparative report on the degreasing efficiency of various SRC and competitor products based on testing of fat removal.
The document discusses the history and evolution of cosmetics and cosmeceuticals. It defines cosmetics according to Indian and EU regulations and describes how cosmeceuticals evolved from combining cosmetics with pharmaceuticals. The document also discusses the classification of cosmetic products and ingredients like surfactants, rheology modifiers, and preservatives.
This document provides information about Israeli companies exhibiting at Cosmoprof Bologna 2014. It profiles 14 companies showcasing products like cosmetics, skincare, haircare, medical aesthetics equipment, and more. The companies offer natural, organic, and Dead Sea ingredient based formulations for both mass and premium markets. Private label manufacturing services are also provided. The document encourages visiting the Israel pavilion to explore why these Israeli cosmetics and toiletries are featured in chains around the world. It concludes with contact information for the pavilion manager.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
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It gives you all about leather processing. Leather tanning is completely decribe in this slide. What is Leathe, its manufacturing process and all about leather tanning is decribe in this slide. It will help u a lot. It's process management. The Raw material we need in leather manufacturing process is used in it.
The document describes various leather care products available from Leathermagic.co.uk including leather cleaners, conditioners, stain and ink removers, dyes, repair kits, protection creams, and aroma creams. Leathermagic offers a wide range of products designed to clean, protect, repair, and restore leather surfaces. The products described include leather 3-in-1 cleaner and conditioner, ink and stain remover kits, leather dye cans, repair touch-up kits filled with dyes and tints, sealants, and fillers for heavy repairs.
Tannery industrial process, Waste generation, and Waste management.pptxUthaiya
The process of tanning leather involves five main steps: pre-tanning, tanning, selecting, dressing, and finishing. During tanning, chemicals are used to change the structure of leather fibers and make them more durable and resistant to bacteria and fungi. Common tanning methods include mineral tanning using chromium salts, vegetable tanning using plant materials, and oil tanning using fats. The tanning process generates significant solid and liquid waste, as up to 80% of the raw hide material is released as solid waste and processing one ton of hides produces 15,000-50,000 liters of wastewater.
The document provides information about the leather industry and the leather manufacturing process. It discusses the various stages of processing raw hides and skins into leather, including pre-tanning processes like soaking, liming, bating, pickling, and tanning methods like vegetable tanning and chrome tanning. It also describes different types of leather and their uses in products. The leather industry is an important sector for Pakistan's economy, contributing to its export growth.
The document provides information about various topics in cosmetic chemistry including the global market for skincare and color cosmetics, and discusses nail polish, nail polish remover, lipstick, and hair dyes. It describes the raw materials, manufacturing processes, and key chemical ingredients used in these cosmetic products.
L'Oreal and M.A.C are two leading cosmetic brands with global presence. L'Oreal is the largest cosmetic company in the world with a diverse product portfolio and extensive distribution network across countries. M.A.C started as a professional brand but also appeals to everyday consumers. Both companies price their products according to local market conditions, with developed markets having higher prices. They utilize a variety of distribution channels from department stores to online. L'Oreal's distribution is more widespread while M.A.C focuses on its own branded stores.
This document summarizes types of leather finishing processes. It discusses aniline finishing, which uses water-soluble dyes and is best for high quality leather with few blemishes. Semi-aniline finishing leaves the grain partially exposed with a thin protective layer. Pigmented finishing fully coats the leather with resin-based pigment to produce a uniform color and hide defects. Each type is suited to different applications - aniline is for soft items, semi-aniline for quality without maintenance, and pigmented is durable for everyday use and withstanding wear.
This document provides an overview of the chrome tanning process at Super Tannery Ltd. It begins with an introduction to the company and its commitment to quality and the environment. It then describes the key processes involved in chrome tanning, including beamhouse operations like liming, unhairing, and pickling, as well as the tanning operations using chromium salts. The summary highlights the company's emphasis on quality, environmental standards, and technical innovation in its chrome tanning operations.
The document discusses the leather processing and manufacturing industry. It describes the key stages in leather production including preparatory stages like soaking, degreasing and tanning. It also outlines the major leather products manufactured and exported from India like footwear, bags and accessories. The document notes that the industry has environmental impacts due to the chemicals used in tanning and addresses some government regulations and programs to support the sector.
The document promotes Israeli beauty and cosmetic companies exhibiting at a 2012 trade show. It provides information on 10 Israeli companies, including their product lines and reasons to visit their booths. The overall message is that the trade show provides an opportunity to find high quality beauty products and meet with Israeli companies.
This document provides information about chrome tanning training done at Super Tannery India Ltd. It discusses the company background and various leather products produced. It then describes the multi-step chrome tanning process, including soaking, liming, pickling, tanning, post-tanning operations, and finishing. Quality tests are presented to check physical and chemical properties of the finished leather. Wastewater generation and treatment during tanning are also summarized. Purity tests done to check chromium oxide content and treat effluent are mentioned at the end.
Harry Stahl began blending chemicals in his bath tub in 1914 to supply the growing leather tanning industry. He founded the Stahl Finish Company in 1930. After expanding globally following World War II, Stahl now has manufacturing sites and technical centers worldwide, employing over 1,250 staff to supply over 4,000 leather finishing products with annual sales over €300 million. Stahl invests in developing environmentally friendly products and processes to serve industries like automotive, fashion, footwear and furniture.
zhen jing SS2018 HIGH FAST SUEDE PRODUCT BRIEFDerek Chagnon
Zhen Jing Leather provides several types of high performance suede with various advantages:
- High Fast suede delivers unique physical properties, superior characteristics, and fashionable colors appealing to athletic brands and everyday lifestyle.
- Kidder Fast suede is specifically engineered for children's safety with industry certifications and testing for heavy metals and chemicals.
- Upsacle performance suede has a pure silky, soft satin hand feel and is made from best graded raw materials.
- Washed Out performance suede has a retro, vintage washed look appealing to teens while maintaining softness and nap after washing.
We are Manufacturers & exporters of Leather & Simulated Leather Products.
Introducing an Exclusive range of Leather & Simulated Leather Gifts for all occasions
Leather is a strong, flexible and durable material obtained from the tanning, or chemical treatment, of animal skins and hides to prevent decay. The most common leathers come from cattle, sheep, goats, equine animals, buffalo, pigs and hogs, and aquatic animals such as seals and alligators.
Leather can be used to make a variety of items, including clothing, footwear, handbags, furniture, decorations, belts, tools and sports equipment, and lasts for decades. Leather making has been practiced for more than 7,000 years and the leading producers of leather today are China and India,london and pakistan.
What is tanning? Overview of Leather Processing Process 2019lambraven18
Tanning is the process of treating animal skins to produce leather. It permanently alters the structure of collagen in the skin making it less biodegradable and more durable. Historically, tanning used tannins, compounds from oak bark, but the modern process often uses chromium sulfate. The tanning process involves several steps - skins are soaked, limed to remove hair and fats, pickled to lower the pH, and tanned using chromium salts which crosslink with collagen, producing a long-lasting material. Chrome tanning is now very common and produces leather suitable for bags and clothing in under a day.
The document discusses the importance of degreasing leather before tanning to remove natural greases that could interfere with processing or react with tanning agents, it describes common degreasing methods and defects caused by inadequate degreasing, and provides a comparative report on the degreasing efficiency of various SRC and competitor products based on testing of fat removal.
The document discusses the history and evolution of cosmetics and cosmeceuticals. It defines cosmetics according to Indian and EU regulations and describes how cosmeceuticals evolved from combining cosmetics with pharmaceuticals. The document also discusses the classification of cosmetic products and ingredients like surfactants, rheology modifiers, and preservatives.
This document provides information about Israeli companies exhibiting at Cosmoprof Bologna 2014. It profiles 14 companies showcasing products like cosmetics, skincare, haircare, medical aesthetics equipment, and more. The companies offer natural, organic, and Dead Sea ingredient based formulations for both mass and premium markets. Private label manufacturing services are also provided. The document encourages visiting the Israel pavilion to explore why these Israeli cosmetics and toiletries are featured in chains around the world. It concludes with contact information for the pavilion manager.
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How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
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This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
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This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
2. CRUISE LINES HAVE LEATHER FURNITURE WORTH 100’S OF
THOUSANDS, IF NOT MILLIONS OF DOLLARS ON THEIR SHIPS.
Heat, suntan and body oil, and abuse all take their toll on leather
furniture. Cleaning and maintenance will keep this expensive investment
looking good, and last longer.
European
Leather
Repair.com
•Refinishing
•Repairing
•Restoring
Fast
Safe
Reliable
Long
Lasting
European Leather Repair "The Cruise Industry's Leather Expert" •
425-486-3605
3. STAGES OF USE/WEAR OF LEATHER FURNITURE 1
Some surface damage: Ground in soil and scratches/stains.
This damage usually begins to be visible after about 2 years
of use but is not very noticeable to the casual observer.
European
Leather
Repair.com
•Refinishing
•Repairing
•Restoring
Fast
Safe
Reliable
Long
Lasting
European Leather Repair "The Cruise Industry's Leather Expert" •
425-486-3605
4. STAGES OF USE/WEAR OF LEATHER FURNITURE 2
Finish cracking: The first line of defense for the leather has
begun to fail. The cracking of the finish will allow moisture and
air to pass through the cracks, and then the leather fibers will
begin to dry out.
European
Leather
Repair.com
•Refinishing
•Repairing
•Restoring
Fast
Safe
Reliable
Long
Lasting
European Leather Repair "The Cruise Industry's Leather Expert" •
425-486-3605
5. The finish on this
leather is worn and
cracked, but it can
be recolored
without replacing
or reupholstering.
If the furniture is
not restored, it
leads to the next
stage.
European Leather Repair "The Cruise Industry's Leather Expert" •
European
Leather
Repair.com
•Refinishing
•Repairing
•Restoring
Fast
Safe
Reliable
Long
Lasting
425-486-3605
6. STAGES OF USE/WEAR OF LEATHER FURNITURE 3
Leather cracking & splitting:
The interlocking fibers of the leather are
lubricated by oils.
Once the finish has cracked and begun to open up,
the oil will evaporate and the leather fiber will
become stiff and start to crack.
Soon the leather will reach the point of no return
and need to be replaced.
European Leather Repair "The Cruise Industry's Leather Expert" •
425-486-3605
European
Leather
Repair.com
•Refinishing
•Repairing
•Restoring
Fast
Safe
Reliable
Long
Lasting
7. STAGES OF USE/WEAR OF LEATHER FURNITURE 3
European
Leather
Repair.com
•Refinishing
•Repairing
•Restoring
Fast
Safe
Reliable
Long
Lasting
European Leather Repair "The Cruise Industry's Leather Expert" •
425-486-3605
8. IN MANY CASES, THE FURNITURE CAN BE SAVED —
AND YOU SAVE MONEY!
European
Leather
Repair.com
•Refinishing
•Repairing
•Restoring
Fast
Safe
Reliable
Long
Lasting
BEFORE: New purchase price $2100.00
- Now worn, soiled & stained
AFTER: Looks good as new!
European Leather Repair "The Cruise Industry's Leather Expert" •
425-486-3605
9. IN DRY DOCK OR IN SERVICE, EUROPEAN LEATHER
REPAIR TECHNICIANS WILL RETURN YOUR FURNITURE
TO A LIKE NEW
APPEARANCE.
European
Leather
Repair.com
•Refinishing
•Repairing
•Restoring
Fast
Safe
Reliable
Long
Lasting
European Leather Repair "The Cruise Industry's Leather Expert" •
425-486-3605
10. RESTORATION SAVES NEW PURCHASE AND
RE-UPHOLSTERY COSTS
European
Leather
Repair.com
•Refinishing
•Repairing
•Restoring
Fast
Safe
Reliable
Long
Lasting
Before
After
European Leather Repair "The Cruise Industry's Leather Expert" •
425-486-3605
11. FURTHER EXAMPLES - SIDE BY SIDES
European
Leather
Repair.com
•Refinishing
•Repairing
•Restoring
BEFORE / AFTER
Fast
Safe
BEFORE / AFTER
European Leather Repair "The Cruise Industry's Leather Expert" •
425-486-3605
Reliable
Long
Lasting
12. HOW TO CARE FOR LEATHER FURNITURE
Test the leather: Wipe the leather with a damp rag. If the
leather turns dark-it is a very sensitive, absorbent leather
and you must be very careful with it. Clean only with a
small amount of leather cleaner on a damp rag. Always
clean from panel seam to panel seam.
European
Leather
Repair.com
•Refinishing
•Repairing
•Restoring
Fast
Safe
If the leather does not turn dark, it is a finished leather
and should be fairly easy to clean. Use a leather cleaner
with a damp rag and medium pressure—not hard!
European Leather Repair "The Cruise Industry's Leather Expert" •
425-486-3605
Reliable
Long
Lasting
13. HOW TO CARE FOR LEATHER FURNITURE
For hard to clean finished leather: Apply leather cleaner to
surface and allow to sit for 5-10 minutes allowing the cleaner
to loosen the dirt. Then clean again.
Avoid cleaners that advertise “protection” for the leather. The
polymers and silicones contained in these products never
“bind” with the leather. Instead, they actually attract and
trap dirt!
European Leather Repair "The Cruise Industry's Leather Expert" •
425-486-3605
European
Leather
Repair.com
•Refinishing
•Repairing
•Restoring
Fast
Safe
Reliable
Long
Lasting
14. HOW TO CARE FOR LEATHER FURNITURE
While there are many leather care products on the market, it’s
best to stick with a basic leather cleaner & conditioner. Avoid
products with additives.
European
Leather
Repair.com
•Refinishing
•Repairing
•Restoring
European Leather Restorer is just such
Fast
a product. It is an easy-to-use, one-step
Safe
Reliable
cleaner & conditioner delivered in
Long
Lasting
1 gal. containers, minimum 4 gal.
order size.
European Leather Repair "The Cruise Industry's Leather Expert" •
425-486-3605
15. HOW LEATHER IS MADE
TYPES OF LEATHER AND PRODUCTION STEPS:
Tanning
is the process whereby a natural, degradable material—
an animal hide—is chemically changed into a non-degradable
material—leather. This is done using primarily chrome tanning
salts and is a process that can take several days.
After
the hide has been tanned, it is a grey/blue color—this is
where the term “wet-blue” comes from. It is now ready for the
coloring steps.
First,
a hide is put into a coloring vat, where dyes can soak into
the leather. It can be left there for from fifteen minutes to an
hour.
European Leather Repair "The Cruise Industry's Leather Expert" •
425-486-3605
European
Leather
Repair.com
•Refinishing
•Repairing
•Restoring
Fast
Safe
Reliable
Long
Lasting
16. HOW LEATHER IS MADE
TYPES OF LEATHER AND PRODUCTION STEPS:
Then,
the “flawless” hides—those with no barbed wire
scratches, brand marks or other skin damage, are separated and
classified as “aniline” leather. Nothing more is done to these
except perhaps a light color or clear coat. These hides are
considered of the highest quality and are the most expensive.
The
rest of the hides—the majority actually—then receive a
pigmented finish coating. (The industry term is “paint”. But not
house paint! It is an expensive, high quality paint developed to
match the specific physical characteristics of leather.) Lastly, a
clear, tough Top Coat is applied which protects the leather from
stains, scuffs, etc.
European Leather Repair "The Cruise Industry's Leather Expert" •
425-486-3605
European
Leather
Repair.com
•Refinishing
•Repairing
•Restoring
Fast
Safe
Reliable
Long
Lasting
17. HOW LEATHER IS MADE
TYPES OF LEATHER AND PRODUCTION STEPS:
So
European
Leather
Repair.com
Aniline:
•Refinishing
•Repairing
•Restoring
now we have two types of leather which are identified by
the ways they have been colored:
Vat dyed only—maybe a light color or clear coat is
also applied, but the most obvious thing about aniline dyed
leather is that it is very soft and the dyed leather grain can be
seen.
While
this is visually the most attractive of all leathers, it is
sensitive to stains, sun fading and can be difficult to clean. It
is not suitable for use in high-traffic public areas.
European Leather Repair "The Cruise Industry's Leather Expert" •
425-486-3605
Fast
Safe
Reliable
Long
Lasting
18. HOW LEATHER IS MADE
TYPES OF LEATHER AND PRODUCTION STEPS:
Pigmented
finish: Vat dyed, then color and Top Coat are
sprayed onto the surface. These leathers can also be very
attractive (and expensive!) but are not as soft as aniline
leathers. On the other hand, they stand up well to heavy
use, do not fade in the sunlight and are easy to clean.
Anything
we did not cover? Give us a call and we’ll help
you with those “special” issues.
European Leather Repair "The Cruise Industry's Leather Expert" •
425-486-3605
European
Leather
Repair.com
•Refinishing
•Repairing
•Restoring
Fast
Safe
Reliable
Long
Lasting
19. 30 YEARS ON TWO CONTINENTS
European Leather Repair is owned and operated by
Marc Allan who began restoring leather in 1980. In 1981
he started a leather restoration business in Munich, Germany.
There he developed techniques and working together with
BASF, Clariant, Sandoz and other chemical companies,
successfully developed a line of leather restoration products.
European
Leather
Repair.com
•Refinishing
•Repairing
•Restoring
Fast
Marc Allan, Owner
Master Craftsman
Returning to the U.S. in 1989, he formed European Leather
Repair, Inc. in Seattle, Washington. The company quickly
established itself as the premier leather repair company in
Washington State, and earned a national reputation for quality
workmanship and products.
European Leather Repair "The Cruise Industry's Leather Expert" •
425-486-3605
Safe
Reliable
Long
Lasting
20. 30 YEARS ON TWO CONTINENTS
Since 2002, European Leather Repair has
serviced the cruise industry, having restored
leather furniture for Carnival, Celebrity, Crystal,
Holland America, Norwegian, Princess
and Royal Caribbean cruise lines.
European
Leather
Repair.com
•Refinishing
•Repairing
•Restoring
Fast
Safe
Reliable
Long
Lasting
European Leather Repair "The Cruise Industry's Leather Expert" •
425-486-3605
21. CONTACT INFORMATION
European Leather Repair, Inc.
European
Leather
Repair.com
Shop & Shipping:
2100 196th St.SW #125
Lynnwood, Wa. 98036
•Refinishing
•Repairing
•Restoring
Mailing address:
2020 Maltby Rd. SE
Unit 7, #134
Bothell, Wa. 98012
Fast
Safe
Ph. 425.486.3605 :: Fax 425.486.3633
Reliable
Contact: Marc S. Allan
Cell 206.963.6988
mallan@europeanleatherrepair.com
Long
Lasting
European Leather Repair "The Cruise Industry's Leather Expert" •
425-486-3605