This document summarizes Cheryl Hung's presentation at Cloud Native London on January 8, 2019. The presentation discussed how Google does operations using the Borg system, the role of the Cloud Native Computing Foundation in fostering open source cloud native projects, and some of the challenges in 2019 for adopting cloud native technologies.

1. Crossing the chasm with
cloud native
Cheryl Hung, Director of Ecosystem
@oicheryl
Cloud Native London, 8 January 2019

2. © 2018 Cloud Native Computing Foundation2
Agenda
2
• How Google does ops
• The role of the CNCF with cloud native
• Looking forward to 2019

3. How Google does ops

4. © 2018 Cloud Native Computing Foundation4
2010: In the beginning
I joined Google to work on
Maps.
C++ engineer and Borg user.

5. © 2018 Cloud Native Computing Foundation5
Borg high-level architecture
Cell is typically 10K servers.
Cluster is one or more cells in a
single data center.

6. © 2018 Cloud Native Computing Foundation6
Borg high-level architecture
job hello = {
runtime = { cell = "ic" }
binary = '../hello_webserver'
args = { port = '%port%' }
requirements = {
RAM = 100M
disk = 100M
CPU = 0.1
}
replicas = 10000
}

7. © 2018 Cloud Native Computing Foundation7
Borg high-level architecture
Kubernetes, but maximise
utilization.
A key difference is priority,
quota and chargeback.

8. © 2018 Cloud Native Computing Foundation8
Developer experience
Microservices and testing culture is
amazing

9. © 2018 Cloud Native Computing Foundation9
Developer experience
Microservices and testing culture is
amazing
… but learning curve is steep

10. © 2018 Cloud Native Computing Foundation10
Developer experience
Microservices and testing culture is
amazing
… but learning curve is steep
… and it’s easy to start cargo culting!

11. © 2018 Cloud Native Computing Foundation11
A Google internal meme on Borg
“Borg Kubernetes makes it very hard to
run one of something, and very easy to
run 10,000 of something.”

12. © 2018 Cloud Native Computing Foundation12
2015: Culture shock!

13. © 2018 Cloud Native Computing Foundation13
2017: Community, storage
“Success, we moved
everything to Docker
containers!
*Except legacy
stateful apps”

14. © 2018 Cloud Native Computing Foundation14
2018: Joined CNCF
..so what does the
CNCF actually do?

15. The role of the CNCF

16. © 2018 Cloud Native Computing Foundation16
The CNCF’s mission
Mission: Make cloud native computing
ubiquitous
16

17. © 2018 Cloud Native Computing Foundation17
The CNCF’s mission
Mission: Make cloud native computing
ubiquitous
...by fostering and sustaining an ecosystem of
open source, vendor-neutral projects.
17

18. © 2018 Cloud Native Computing Foundation18
In practice
• Community
• Legal
• Marketing
• Events
Non-profit, supported by 350 members.

19. © 2018 Cloud Native Computing Foundation19
The CNCF structure
• Budget and
marketing
• Projects • Requirements
and best
practices
Governing Board
Technical Oversight
Committee
End User Community
8 full time staff and ~20 shared staff with Linux
Foundation

20. © 2018 Cloud Native Computing Foundation20
CNCF Projects
Incubating
(17)
Service Mesh StorageService Discovery
Distributed Tracing Software Update
Spec
Security
Graduated (3)
Package
Management
Orchestration
Networking API
Service Proxy
Logging Remote
Procedure Call
Distributed Tracing
API
Container Runtime Container Runtime
Messaging
Monitoring
RegistryStorage Key/Value
Store
Sandbox (12)

21. © 2018 Cloud Native Computing Foundation21
Crossing the chasm
INNOVATORS
LAGGARDS
LATE MAJORITY
EARLY
MAJORITY
EARLY
ADOPTERS

22. © 2018 Cloud Native Computing Foundation22
Crossing the chasm
INNOVATORS
LAGGARDS
“THE CHASM”
LATE MAJORITY
EARLY
MAJORITY
EARLY
ADOPTERS

23. © 2018 Cloud Native Computing Foundation23
CNCF Project Maturities
INNOVATORS
LAGGARDS
“THE CHASM”
LATE MAJORITY
EARLY
MAJORITY
EARLY
ADOPTERS
SANDBOX
GRADUATED
INCUBATING

24. © 2018 Cloud Native Computing Foundation24
Consider how you use projects
• Sandbox: lots of debugging, incomplete docs
• Incubation: understand the business value first
• Graduated: case studies and managed services

25. © 2018 Cloud Native Computing Foundation25
Challenges in 2019
• Increasing options => increasing complexity
• Storage, security, serverless
• Industry-specific best practices
• Best practices for open source programs
• Recruiting

26. Cloud Native Computing Foundation26
KubeCon + CloudNativeCon
• Europe 2019 (sponsorships and CFP open)
– Barcelona: May 20-23, 2019
• China 2019 (sponsorships open)
– Shanghai: June 24-26, 2019
• North America 2019 (sponsorships open)
– San Diego: November 18-21, 2019

27. Thanks!
oicheryl.com
@oicheryl