This document discusses how to critically appraise research studies. It is important to critically appraise research to determine how valid and useful the results are, as research quality can vary. When appraising a study, one should examine aspects like methodology, potential for publication bias, clarity of results presentation, and statistical significance of findings. Tools like CASP questionnaires can help guide the critical appraisal process by evaluating a study's validity, results, and relevance.
This presentation provides guidelines for find credible sources. It focuses selection of sources according to up-to-date information, author, research-based information, and authoritative information. It also focuses on dealing with ambiguity when sources could be credible but do not provide data that can be cited and referenced.
This presentation provides guidelines for find credible sources. It focuses selection of sources according to up-to-date information, author, research-based information, and authoritative information. It also focuses on dealing with ambiguity when sources could be credible but do not provide data that can be cited and referenced.
Open Access Publishing, Self archiving, Predatory publishing issues, and Jour...Venkitachalam Sriram
Lecture on Open Access Publishing, Self archiving, Predatory publishing issues, and Journal selection tools by V. Sriram. Research and Publication Ethics Course, PhD Programme, Centre for Development Studies, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. 25th August 2021.
Are you looking for some good journals to publish your data? Then this is the correct time to read my article. I am writing this with the hope of inhibiting you from publishing your data in predatory and fake journals.
These are the following criteria you should know before submitting your manuscript to a journal:
John Rolfe - Editor Case Study: Implementing a Journal Data PolicyWiley
The Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics encourages authors of a submitted paper to submit major datasets and code used to conduct the data analysis in their paper, as a mechanism to increase citations and integrity of published material. For accepted papers the material can then be made available on the journal website to allow other researchers to replicate the study findings. The rationale for the data availability policy and the challenges in implementation will be discussed.
John Rolfe
Editor, Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics
Presented at the 2015 Wiley Publishing Seminar, 5 November, Melbourne, Australia.
Most clinicians neither have enough time nor are trained to pick the best information from the enormous literature available. By practicing Evidence Based Medicine, they can give better patient care. EBM is the integration of the best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values to make clinical decisions
Literature monitoring for pharmacovigilance – outsourcing or in house solutionJulio dos Anjos
• A brief introduction about relevance of literature screening for P V.
• Challenges of literature screening in general.
• Benefits and risks of completely outsourcing literature screening for PV.
• Business case elements that need to take into consideration when deciding on outsourcing or in-sourcing PV literature screening.
Open Access Publishing, Self archiving, Predatory publishing issues, and Jour...Venkitachalam Sriram
Lecture on Open Access Publishing, Self archiving, Predatory publishing issues, and Journal selection tools by V. Sriram. Research and Publication Ethics Course, PhD Programme, Centre for Development Studies, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. 25th August 2021.
Are you looking for some good journals to publish your data? Then this is the correct time to read my article. I am writing this with the hope of inhibiting you from publishing your data in predatory and fake journals.
These are the following criteria you should know before submitting your manuscript to a journal:
John Rolfe - Editor Case Study: Implementing a Journal Data PolicyWiley
The Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics encourages authors of a submitted paper to submit major datasets and code used to conduct the data analysis in their paper, as a mechanism to increase citations and integrity of published material. For accepted papers the material can then be made available on the journal website to allow other researchers to replicate the study findings. The rationale for the data availability policy and the challenges in implementation will be discussed.
John Rolfe
Editor, Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics
Presented at the 2015 Wiley Publishing Seminar, 5 November, Melbourne, Australia.
Most clinicians neither have enough time nor are trained to pick the best information from the enormous literature available. By practicing Evidence Based Medicine, they can give better patient care. EBM is the integration of the best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values to make clinical decisions
Literature monitoring for pharmacovigilance – outsourcing or in house solutionJulio dos Anjos
• A brief introduction about relevance of literature screening for P V.
• Challenges of literature screening in general.
• Benefits and risks of completely outsourcing literature screening for PV.
• Business case elements that need to take into consideration when deciding on outsourcing or in-sourcing PV literature screening.
Mobilizing informational resources for rare diseasesMaria Shkrob
Providing comprehensive disease-specific summaries remains a serious challenge as information is scattered across multiple resources. Elsevier is collaborating with a rare disease charity Findacure to create an informational portal for patients, researchers, and doctors to help finding new treatments, increase awareness, streamline information exchange and education. Using an integrative approach of automated and manual curation of literature, we constructed a knowledgebase containing an overview of the disease mechanisms, targets, drugs, key opinion leaders, and institutions. To demonstrate the utility of this approach, congenital hyperinsulinism will be discussed.
Accuscript Pharmacovigilance Service - Literature Monitoring & Social Media D...Ajay Francis Christopher
- Global (via Embase & PubMed), Local journal & Social Media Literature Search
- Social Media Data mining (sentiment analysis of drugs)
- Review of literature search hits relevant for AE reporting/safety information
- Developing ready-to-use ICSR narratives
- QC of ICSRs.
Safti net overview ahrq stakeholders mtg oct 2011Marion Sills
SAFTINet: Scalable Architecture for Federated Translational Inquiries Network
An overview presented by Marion R. Sills, MD to the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality's Effective Health Care Stakeholders Group, October 2011
eahil cpd pilot program. Webinar 50 shades of reviewmaria gp
Dr. Andrew Booth share his expertise in this webinar to help medical librarians better support their users when facing the task of literature review.
This webinar is part of a CPD pilot program for the EAHIL.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
2. Why critically appraise?
• Important element of evidence based
medicine
• To weigh up how valid and useful the
research will be
• Research is of variable quality
• Only an estimated 1% is judged
clinically relevant
RDF
InformationLiteracy
http://www.library.qmul.ac.uk/
3. What to look for in an RCT
RDF
InformationLiteracy
http://www.library.qmul.ac.uk/
Is the methodology sound?
4. Publication bias in systematic
reviews
RDF
InformationLiteracy
http://www.library.qmul.ac.uk/
Papers with more “interesting” results are
more likely to be:
• Submitted and accepted for publication
• Published in a major journal
• Published in English
• Quoted by authors
• Quoted in newspapers
Have the authors addressed this in their
review?
5. How are the results presented?
RDF
InformationLiteracy
http://www.library.qmul.ac.uk/
• Number needed to treat (NNT)
The number of patients that need to
be treated with en intervention in
order to get one additional positive
outcome. E.g. if the NNT is 4, four
people would need to treated with the
intervention in order for one to gain
benefit.
6. How are the results presented?
RDF
InformationLiteracy
http://www.library.qmul.ac.uk/
• Number needed to treat (NNT)
• Odds Ratio
• Relative risk
8. How are the results presented?
RDF
InformationLiteracy
http://www.library.qmul.ac.uk/
• Number needed to treat (NNT)
• Odds Ratio
• Relative risk
• Mean difference
This one is fairly self explanatory. It’s
the difference between the mean
values in the treatment group and the
control group.
9. How are the results presented?
RDF
InformationLiteracy
http://www.library.qmul.ac.uk/
• Number needed to treat (NNT)
• Odds Ratio
• Relative risk
• Mean difference
Clarity of the results is key. Are the
results presented clearly?
11. Forest plots
RDF
InformationLiteracy
http://www.library.qmul.ac.uk/
more than 1less than 1 1
Line of no effect
Anything to the right of the line
of no effect indicates more of
the effect, anything to the left
is less.
If the outcome is positive you
want to see more of the results
on the right of the graph to
show that the intervention is
effective.
13. Forest plots
RDF
InformationLiteracy
http://www.library.qmul.ac.uk/
more than 1less than 1 1
Line of no effect
Best estimate
Confidence interval
Confidence intervals show
the range in which the true
effect of the treatment
could lie.
If the confidence interval
crosses the line of no effect
the result of the treatment
is not statistically significant.
16. How critical appraisal works
RDF
InformationLiteracy
http://www.library.qmul.ac.uk/
• Involves answering a short
questionnaire
• We use the CASP questionnaires at
http://www.casp-uk.net/
• Questionnaires available for different
types of research
