The Scientific Revolution of the 16th-17th centuries transformed society's understanding of the natural world through advancements in various scientific disciplines led by figures such as Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler, and Newton. Key contributions included the heliocentric model proposed by Copernicus, Galileo's support for heliocentrism despite personal repercussions, and Kepler's laws of planetary motion which influenced Newton's work on gravity. This period marked a significant shift in scientific thought, replacing traditional beliefs with a focus on empirical evidence and abstract reasoning.

1. The Scientific
Revolution

2. >The Scientific Revolution, a series of
events in early modern science,
revolutionized society's understanding of
nature through advancements in
mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology,
and chemistry.
>The Europe Scientific Revolution, spanning
16th-17th centuries, marked a significant
shift in scientific thought, replacing the
Greek view of nature, emphasizing abstract
reasoning, quantitative thinking,
understanding nature as a machine.

3. Famous astronomers,
physicist and
mathematician who
have ground
contribution to the
scientific revolution.

4. Nicolaus
Copernicus
Galileo
Galilei
Isaac
Newton
Johannes
Kepler

5. NICOLAUS COPERNICUS
1473-1543
Nicolaus Copernicus was a Polish astronomer
who put forth the theory that the Sun is at
rest near the center of the Universe, and that
the Earth, spinning on its axis once daily,
revolves annually around the Sun. This is
called the heliocentric, or Sun-centered,
system.

6. GALILEO GALILEI
1564-1642
Galileo was a natural philosopher, astronomer, and
mathematician who made fundamental
contributions to the sciences of motion, astronomy,
and strength of materials and to the development of
the scientific method.

7. JOHANNES KEPLER
1571-1630
Kepler contributed to the Scientific Revolution in two
major ways. The first major way was his discoveries:
Kepler discovered the three laws of planetary motion and
gave major support to the idea of heliocentrism. The
second way was who he influenced with his discoveries.
His discoveries on how planets travel in space helped
inspire Sir Isaac Newton, the man who helped discover
gravity and Newton's Laws of Motion.

8. ISAAC NEWTON
1643-1727
One of the most influential scientists
in history, Sir Isaac Newton’s
contributions to the fields of physics,
mathematics, astronomy and
chemistry helped usher in the
Scientific Revolution.

9. Three significant
intellectual revolutions
THE COPERNICAN REVOLUTION
THE DARWINIAN
REVOLUTION
THE FREUDIAN REVOLUTION

10. THE COPERNICAN REVOLUTION
NICOLAUS COPERNICUS (1473-1543)
THE IDEA THAT THE
EARTH REVOLVES
AROUND THE SUN,
NOT THE OTHER
WAY AROUND,
CHALLENGING THE
GEOCENTRIC
MODEL PREVALENT
IN ANCIENT AND
MEDIEVAL TIMES.

12. COPERNICUS’ REVOLUTIONARY HELIOCENTRIC MODEL,
FIRST PRESENTED IN HIS SEMINAL WORK "ON THE
REVOLUTIONS OF THE CELESTIAL SPHERES" (DE
REVOLUTIONIBUS ORBIUM COELESTIUM) ON 1543, LAID
THE FOUNDATION FOR MODERN ASTRONOMY AND
COSMOLOGY.
IT CONTAINED THE MATHEMATICAL AND
ASTRONOMICAL DATA THAT FORM THE BASIS OF THE
COPERNICAN SYSTEM. CENTRAL TO HIS MODEL IS HIS
PROPOSAL THAT THE EARTH HAS THREE DISTINCT
MOTIONS: A DAILY AXIAL ROTATION, AN ANNUAL
ROTATION ABOUT THE SUN, AND A THIRD MOTION
RELATED TO PRECESSION.

13. 1) THERE IS NO ONE CENTER IN THE UNIVERSE.
2) THE EARTH’S CENTER IS NOT THE CENTER OF THE
UNIVERSE.
3) THE CENTER OF THE UNIVERSE IS NEAR THE SUN
4) THE DISTANCE FROM THE EARTH TO THE SUN IS
IMPERCEPTIBLE COMPARED WITH THE DISTANCE TO
THE STARS.
5) THE ROTATION OF THE EARTH ACCOUNTS FOR THE APPARENT
DAILY ROTATION OF THE STARS.
6) THE APPARENT ANNUAL CYCLE OF MOVEMENTS OF
THE SUN IS CAUSED BY THE EARTH REVOLVING
AROUND IT, AND,
7) THE APPARENT RETROGRADE MOTION OF THE
PLANETS IS CAUSED BY
THE MOTION OF THE EARTH FROM WHICH ONE
OBSERVES.

14. HIS WRITINGS CHALLENGED RELIGIOUS DOGMA
AND CHALLENGED MANY BELIEFS. GALILEO
GALILEI SUFFERED FOR SUPPORTING HIS BELIEFS,
GALILEO GALILEI FORCED TO RENOUNCE BELIEF
IN THE HELIOCENTRIC SYSTEM. BY 1700, MOST
SCIENTISTS EMBRACED COPERNICUS' IDEAS, AND
HIS THEORY CHANGED MAN'S VIEW OF THE
UNIVERSE AND HIS ROLE IN IT.