Sistem bahan api bertujuan untuk membekalkan campuran udara dan bahan api ke enjin pada nisbah yang sesuai dengan keadaan kendalian. Ia terdiri daripada komponen seperti tangki bahan api, pam bahan api, penapis, saluran, penunjuk paras bahan api, penapis udara dan karburetor. Karburetor memainkan peranan penting untuk mendapatkan nisbah campuran yang sesuai dengan keadaan enjin.
Sistem bahan api bertujuan untuk membekalkan campuran udara dan bahan api ke enjin pada nisbah yang sesuai dengan keadaan kendalian. Ia terdiri daripada komponen seperti tangki bahan api, pam bahan api, penapis, saluran, penunjuk paras bahan api, penapis udara dan karburetor. Karburetor memainkan peranan penting untuk mendapatkan nisbah campuran yang sesuai dengan keadaan enjin.
Gears are components that transmit rotational motion from one shaft to another. There are several types of gears according to the position of their axes, including parallel gears like spur and helical gears, intersecting gears like bevel gears, and non-parallel, non-intersecting gears like worm gears. Gear trains involve two or more gears meshing together to reduce speed and increase torque. Common gear train types are simple, compound, and planetary gear trains. Planetary gear trains are popular for automatic transmissions due to their high gear ratios.
This document provides information on propeller shafts. It discusses:
1) There are three types of propeller shafts used on 4WD vehicles, differing by their joint configurations and whether they include a slip yoke.
2) Universal joints are used to allow the propeller shaft to operate at different angles and are not repairable if damaged.
3) Vibration can be caused by an unbalanced propeller shaft, worn or misaligned universal joints, or other vehicle component issues like loose engine mounts. Diagnosis procedures include measuring runout and clamping sections to isolate the source.
This document provides information on piston, rings, and connecting rod components and their purpose and function. It discusses piston and rod construction, inspection procedures, piston ring installation and operation, and connecting rod reconditioning. Key terms related to these components are also defined.
This document provides an overview of automotive axles, wheels, tires, and steering systems. It defines different types of front and rear axles such as dead axles, live axles, stub axles, and floating axles. It also discusses wheel and tire components as well as steering geometry concepts like camber, caster, toe-in, Ackerman steering and slip angles. Finally, it covers various steering linkages and gear types used in automobiles.
Motor diésel y motor Otto son diferentes por su tamaño, por su potencia, por su encendido, por el tipo de combustible es importante conocer por dentro y por fuera para realizar las pruebas, su mantenimiento y su reparación.
The document discusses the requirements and components of a clutch mechanism. It provides details on:
1. The key requirements of a clutch include transmitting maximum engine torque without slippage, dissipating large amounts of heat generated, engaging gradually without jerks, being dynamically balanced, damping vibrations, having minimum inertia when disengaged, and requiring minimal force to disengage.
2. The main components of a clutch are the clutch plate, friction facings, pressure plate, springs, throwout bearing, and release levers. The clutch plate transfers torque via friction facings attached to its steel plate. The pressure plate applies pressure to the clutch plate via springs.
3. Different types of clutches include single
El documento describe las características generales del motor y el sistema de inyección electrónica del Hyundai Accent. Explica que el motor está equipado con un sistema MPFI que permite a los estudiantes aplicar conocimientos adquiridos. Describe los componentes del sistema de inyección como el ECM, sensores, bomba de combustible y filtro. Resalta las ventajas del sistema MPFI como consumo reducido, mayor potencia y menor contaminación.
Lesson plan ini membincangkan tentang cas bateri kenderaan. Pelajar akan belajar bagaimana untuk menyambung bateri dengan bateri charger, melakukan cas bateri secara perlahan dan cepat, serta cas bateri secara sambungan siri dan selari. Pelajar juga akan melakukan aktiviti praktikal untuk mencas bateri.
The document discusses the design and validation process for a crankshaft. It begins with an overview of crankshafts and their function in converting linear piston motion to rotational motion in engines. It then outlines the 5 main steps in the design and validation process: 1) conceptual design, 2) process analysis and selection, 3) testing, 4) production, and 5) quality improvement. Key aspects of each step like dimensions, stresses, fatigue testing, and hardening processes are covered. The goal is to take an initial design concept and improve it using analysis, testing, manufacturing, and standards to validate the design.
The camshaft and crankshaft are key components that convert reciprocating to rotational motion in automobile engines. The camshaft uses lobes to push the valves open and closed according to the rotation of the crankshaft. Crankshafts are typically made of forged steel or cast iron and experience high static and dynamic stresses that require high rigidity. Surface hardening through carburizing or nitriding increases the hardness of these components. New microalloyed steels and treatments like plasma ion nitriding further enhance strength.
Gears are components that transmit rotational motion from one shaft to another. There are several types of gears according to the position of their axes, including parallel gears like spur and helical gears, intersecting gears like bevel gears, and non-parallel, non-intersecting gears like worm gears. Gear trains involve two or more gears meshing together to reduce speed and increase torque. Common gear train types are simple, compound, and planetary gear trains. Planetary gear trains are popular for automatic transmissions due to their high gear ratios.
This document provides information on propeller shafts. It discusses:
1) There are three types of propeller shafts used on 4WD vehicles, differing by their joint configurations and whether they include a slip yoke.
2) Universal joints are used to allow the propeller shaft to operate at different angles and are not repairable if damaged.
3) Vibration can be caused by an unbalanced propeller shaft, worn or misaligned universal joints, or other vehicle component issues like loose engine mounts. Diagnosis procedures include measuring runout and clamping sections to isolate the source.
This document provides information on piston, rings, and connecting rod components and their purpose and function. It discusses piston and rod construction, inspection procedures, piston ring installation and operation, and connecting rod reconditioning. Key terms related to these components are also defined.
This document provides an overview of automotive axles, wheels, tires, and steering systems. It defines different types of front and rear axles such as dead axles, live axles, stub axles, and floating axles. It also discusses wheel and tire components as well as steering geometry concepts like camber, caster, toe-in, Ackerman steering and slip angles. Finally, it covers various steering linkages and gear types used in automobiles.
Motor diésel y motor Otto son diferentes por su tamaño, por su potencia, por su encendido, por el tipo de combustible es importante conocer por dentro y por fuera para realizar las pruebas, su mantenimiento y su reparación.
The document discusses the requirements and components of a clutch mechanism. It provides details on:
1. The key requirements of a clutch include transmitting maximum engine torque without slippage, dissipating large amounts of heat generated, engaging gradually without jerks, being dynamically balanced, damping vibrations, having minimum inertia when disengaged, and requiring minimal force to disengage.
2. The main components of a clutch are the clutch plate, friction facings, pressure plate, springs, throwout bearing, and release levers. The clutch plate transfers torque via friction facings attached to its steel plate. The pressure plate applies pressure to the clutch plate via springs.
3. Different types of clutches include single
El documento describe las características generales del motor y el sistema de inyección electrónica del Hyundai Accent. Explica que el motor está equipado con un sistema MPFI que permite a los estudiantes aplicar conocimientos adquiridos. Describe los componentes del sistema de inyección como el ECM, sensores, bomba de combustible y filtro. Resalta las ventajas del sistema MPFI como consumo reducido, mayor potencia y menor contaminación.
Lesson plan ini membincangkan tentang cas bateri kenderaan. Pelajar akan belajar bagaimana untuk menyambung bateri dengan bateri charger, melakukan cas bateri secara perlahan dan cepat, serta cas bateri secara sambungan siri dan selari. Pelajar juga akan melakukan aktiviti praktikal untuk mencas bateri.
The document discusses the design and validation process for a crankshaft. It begins with an overview of crankshafts and their function in converting linear piston motion to rotational motion in engines. It then outlines the 5 main steps in the design and validation process: 1) conceptual design, 2) process analysis and selection, 3) testing, 4) production, and 5) quality improvement. Key aspects of each step like dimensions, stresses, fatigue testing, and hardening processes are covered. The goal is to take an initial design concept and improve it using analysis, testing, manufacturing, and standards to validate the design.
The camshaft and crankshaft are key components that convert reciprocating to rotational motion in automobile engines. The camshaft uses lobes to push the valves open and closed according to the rotation of the crankshaft. Crankshafts are typically made of forged steel or cast iron and experience high static and dynamic stresses that require high rigidity. Surface hardening through carburizing or nitriding increases the hardness of these components. New microalloyed steels and treatments like plasma ion nitriding further enhance strength.
The document discusses the components and functions of a crankshaft. It lists the group members and defines a crankshaft as a shaft that transmits power from the engine and converts the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotational motion. It describes the main parts of the crankshaft including the throws, journals, webs, counterweights, big end bearings and main bearings. It explains that counterweights are needed to balance the crankshaft and prevent vibrations from damaging the engine.
This document is a thesis submitted by Pravardhan S. Shenoy to the University of Toledo in partial fulfillment of a Master of Science degree in Mechanical Engineering. The thesis, advised by Dr. Ali Fatemi, involves dynamic load analysis and optimization of a connecting rod. The study performs load analysis on the connecting rod to determine dynamic loads over time. Finite element analysis is conducted under quasi-dynamic and static loads. The connecting rod is then optimized for weight and cost subject to constraints like fatigue life.
Group 3's presentation discusses the manufacturing of connecting rods. It compares the forging and casting processes, outlining the advantages of forging such as higher dimensional accuracy, lower costs for high production volumes, and smoother engine running. The presentation then details the specific forging and machining steps used to manufacture connecting rods, including heating, piercing, trimming, shot peening, fracturing, assembly, and inspection. Limitations discussed include the need for an environmentally friendly process and cost-effective finished product with limited mass deviation. Forging is considered more economical than casting for production volumes above 20,000 pieces.
Design and Construction of a Connecting rodFaisal Niloy
The document describes the design and construction of a connecting rod. It begins with the objectives of studying the connecting rod, understanding its function, designing it using CAD, and constructing a physical model. It then provides an introduction to connecting rods, explaining that they connect the piston to the crankshaft and transmit reciprocating motion to rotational motion. The document discusses different manufacturing processes for connecting rods and compares technologies. It presents the design process for the connecting rod, showing calculations for dimensions. Finally, it includes the CAD model and photos of the constructed physical connecting rod.
2. FUNGSI CRANKSHAFT
Crankshaft dipasang pada blok mesin dan
dilapis oleh main bearing.
Berfungsi untuk merubah gerak naik turun
piston untuk menjadi satu pergerakkan
enjin.
Cranksaft menerima beban yang berat
semasa beroperasi.
3. CARA MENGUKUR CRANKSHAFT
Ada 2 cara kaedah pengukuran:
Mengukur kehausan crankshaft
Mengukur kelurusan crankshaft