SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 78
Seminar-Workshop
CRAFTING OBE
SYLLABUS
8:30 a.m.
February 13, 2024
Revisiting the:
A g e n d a
1. The Philippine Qualification Framework
2. Learning Outcome Development and Levels of Qualifications
At the end of the workshop, the Faculty Members should be able to:
1. Integrate QF in developing learning outcomes across Ced’s academic programs.
2. Utilizing Bloom’s Taxonomy, review and re-write Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) and Course
Learning Outcomes (CLOs) by aligning outcomes to NQF Level 6 (Bachelor), Level 7 (Master) and
Level 8 (Doctorate).
3. Finalize the syllabus/syllabi integrating the required contents.
Training Learning Outcome
Session 1
The Qualification Framework:
Niche of Program
Effectiveness
Philippine Qualification Framework
Learning outcome 1. Integrate UAE-National
Qualification Framework (NQF) in developing
learning outcomes across UOF’s academic.
Structure
1. 1. Number of Levels: 8 levels have been
adopted for the country 1. Number of Levels: 8
levels have been adopted for the country.
1. Number of Levels: 8 levels have been
adopted for the country Number of Levels: 8
levels have been adopted for the country
1. Number of levels – 8 levels have been develop
3. Learning Outcomes
Strands
1. Knowledge
2. Skill
3. Values
4. Application
Aspects of competence
5. Degree of Independence
Structure
3. Definition of Strands
He
The strands of learning outcomes reflect what is
expected to be achieved at the respective level, for
each qualification. A qualification is defined,
benchmarked and aligned to the requisite level.
These strands of learning outcomes reflect
what is expected to be achieved at the
respective level, for each qualification. A
qualification is defined, benchmarked and
aligned to the requisite level.
Structure
 There is an expectation that all programs will be designed and
delivered in a way that ensures that all strands in the Framework will
be addressed. The balance of emphasis between the strands will
vary between individual programs.
 For example, some will place a stronger emphasis on knowledge and
skills and less on competencies while others will have a greater focus
on competencies and a narrow knowledge base. It will be important
to demonstrate how significant each strand is to the program and be
able to reflect on why some strands have much less significance.
T r a i n i n g O u t c o m e
Grid of Level Descriptors
Strands at each Level
Strand Sub-strand Description
Knowledge
Breadth How broad is the learner's knowledge?
Type What characteristics and quality of knowing has the
learner engaged in?
Skill
Range What is the breadth of the physical, intellectual, social
and other skills acquired by the learner?
Selectivity
How does the learner select the skills learned to address
a range of problems? What is the nature of the
complexity of the problems and how does the learner
engage with them?
Competence
Application
How does the learner demonstrate the taking of
responsibility personally and in groups? How does the
learner deploy skills acquired in managing interactions
with others and working on their own?
To what extent can the learner operate in new
environments, acquire new knowledge and skills; and
assimilate these to their existing body of knowledge and
Program Level
T r a i n i n g O u t c o m e
Definition of Strands
• It is the cognitive representation of ideas, events or happenings.
• The QF descriptors refer to theoretical and/or factual aspects of
knowledge.
KNOWLEDGE
T r a i n i n g O u t c o m e
Definitions of Strands
• The QF descriptors refer to skills as cognitive (use of logical, intuitive, creative and
conceptual thinking) and practical (involving manual dexterity and the use of
methods, techniques, processes, materials, tools and instruments).
• Skill is the learned ability to perform a function that in some way responds to or
manipulates the physical, informational or social environment of the person.
• Incorporates the concept of ‘know-how’, which is the procedural knowledge
required to carry out a task.
• Know-how may be assessed directly or implied from performance; otherwise
skill can only be measured by performance.
SKILLS
 advanced skills required in research, analysis, evaluation and/or innovation of
complex ideas, information, concepts and or activities
 skills to develop new knowledge and procedures and to integrate knowledge
from different fields using highly developed cognitive and creative skills and
intellectual independence in the field of work or discipline
 advanced problem-solving skills to analyse highly complex issues with
incomplete data and develop innovative solutions and proposals relevant to an
academic/professional field of work or discipline
 planning skills to develop and execute a major project or comparable activities
(that includes a significant range of variables and complexity) with
appropriately selected research methodologies producing sound conclusions
 highly developed specialist communication and information technology skills to
present, explain and/or critique highly complex matters
Level 7 (Skills) Master Descriptor
Level 6 (Skills) Bachelor Descriptor
Implication of alignment?
 Its not just a paper exercise.
 Implies changes to our curriculum design as well as approaches to
teaching, learning, and assessment practices.
What we are really aligning?
 We talk about aligning the qualification to QF – BUT are we really
aligning the student outcomes?
How?
 No magic formula!
 But there are effective approaches which can be developed and built upon.
Remember our Goal!
 Actual student outcomes align with QF.
 Alignment of actual student outcomes requires planning, effort and coherent practice in
learning, teaching and assessment as well as curriculum design.
 Alignment of course learning outcomes to program outcomes is as important as aligning the
program to QF.
 Remember that students need to achieve the SET of program outcomes at the correct level
that comprise the qualification descriptor in QF.
Verification of Achievements
 To achieve a particular qualification a student must show
achievement of all program outcomes at the relevant level.
 Achievement of the set of outcomes across the strands =
achievement of level descriptor, and = entitlement to
qualification or degree.
Bad Practice and… very bad practice!
 Bad practice – where the LO’s align to the QF
 BUT that is where it ends!
 Very bad practice is where even the LO’s do not align. .
Effective Practice that Supports Good Alignment
 Knowledge is no longer “KING” – look at the strands.
 Shift of focus to what our students will learn, know and be able to do – NOT what we
teach them.
 Assessment covers a range of methods to enable students to demonstrate achievement
of the LOs.
Learning Outcome Development and Levels of Qualificaitons
Session Learning Outcome Development and
Levels of Qualifications
Learning Outcome 2: Utilizing Bloom’s Taxonomy, review and re-write
Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) and Course Learning Outcomes
(CLOs) by aligning outcomes to NQF Level 6 (Bachelor), Level 7 (Master)
and Level 8 (Doctorate).
Difference between Objectives and Learning Outcome
 These are the specific steps that take us
from where we are now toward our
goals.
 Usually formulated as teaching
objectives (what the teacher does to
promote students’ learning)
 They are more specific statements of
what you will present to the
participants
 Focus – TEACHER
 What students will know and be able to do
as a result of engaging in the learning
process
 They represent statements of achievement
expressed from the LEARNERS PERSPECTIVE
..at the end of the program students will
know or be able to do…
 They must translate the teachers objectives
into specific, tangible, attainable learning
achievements for students
 Focus -STUDENTS
Objectives Learning Outcomes
Difference between Objectives and Learning Outcome
Example of an Objective Example of a Learning Outcome
 Students will be taught the
basic principles of database
searching.
 Students will be able to apply
the principles of database
searching in a review of
literature.
Learning Outcome
Well known and used definition of learning outcomes
 “learning outcomes are descriptions of what the learner is
expected to learn in the period of learning defined and
alongside this imply the standard of learning expected”
(Gosling and Moon 2001)
Learning Outcome
 The levels are distinguished by
the nature of the learning
outcomes.
 NQF Table
T r a i n i n g O u t c o m e
Grid of Level Descriptors
Distance Travelled
Level 5 (year 1 undergraduate)
• Analysis: can analyse with
guidance using given
classifications /principles.
Level 7 (final year undergraduate)
• Analysis: can analyse new
and/or abstract data and
situations with little guidance,
using a range of techniques
appropriate to the subject.
Level 5 Descriptor: It demonstrates
cognitive knowledge (in terms of
analysis) that is comprehensive and
specialized with a field of work or
discipline.
Level 7 Descriptor: It demonstrates
cognitive knowledge and critical
understanding (in terms of analysis)
of the well-established principles
and practice in a field of work or
discipline.
Tea Exercise and Discussion 1
This is an opportunity to practice writing a
programme learning outcome for a skill.
 the skill of analysis - and to practice
pitching it at postgraduate level building on
lower undergraduate level outcomes.
 Working with the person next to you look
at the following slide and write a
programme outcome for level 9 (Masters)
for analysis.
Team Exercise and Discussion 1
Team Exercise and Discussion 1
Level 5 (year 1 undergraduate)
 Analysis: can analyze with guidance using
given classifications /principles;
Level 6 (final year undergraduate)
 Analysis: can analyze new and/or abstract data
and situations with little guidance, using a
range of techniques appropriate to the subject.
Level 7 (Master’s level)
 Analysis: ?? NQF
Level 7
Team Exercise and Discussion 1
Feedback
 Level 7 (Masters level)
 Analysis: can analyze new and /or abstract
data (including incomplete data)and
situations using a range of advanced
techniques relevant to the subject and
demonstrate self-direction and originality in
explaining and interpreting outcomes.
 Look at skill at Level 9 in NQF. Does this match?
 Does yours match?
Level 9 Descriptor: It
demonstrates self-
directed comprehensive
highly specialized
knowledge and practiced
learning.
Feedback
Judging the Level of Learning Outcome
 Myths say the level of LOs is based largely
on the verb used, e.g.
 ‘describe’ is level 4
 ‘analyze’ is level 5
 ‘critically analyze’ is level 6
 Scope and quality of guidance are more
important.
Judging the Level of Learning Outcome
Judging the Level of Learning Outcome
Level 5 (year 1 undergraduate)
 Analysis: can analyze with guidance using given
classification/principles.
Level 6 (final year undergraduate)
 Analysis: can analyze new and/or abstract data and situations with
little guidance, using a range of techniques appropriate to the
subject.
Level 7 (Masters level)
 Analysis: can analyze new and /or abstract data (including
incomplete data)and situations using a range of advanced
techniques relevant to the subject and demonstrate self-direction
and originality in explaining and interpreting outcomes.
Judging the Level of Learning Outcome
E l e m e n t s o f L e a r n i n g O u t c o m e
Action Word
(performance)
Learning Statement
(the learning)
Criterion or Standard
(the conditions of the performance demonstration)
Apply a range of relevant principles and
theoretical knowledge
to develop strategies and solutions
to current business problems.
Apply relevant principles and theories to develop strategies for the
organization.
Demonstrat
e
a knowledge of mathematics and
statistics and their application
to business context.
Demonstrat
e
how financial and market information drive business strategy making.
Analyze problems, their risks and solutions in order to develop effective
business strategy.
Upon completion of the program, the students will be able to:
E l e m e n t s o f L e a r n i n g O u t c o m e
S t r u c t u r e o f L e a r n i n g O u t c o m e
Action Word
(performance)
Learning Statement
(the learning)
Criterion or Standard
(the conditions of the performance demonstration)
Demonstrate fundamental concepts and principles of
research
as applied to education.
Develop a research title and statement of the
problem
using the fundamental approaches in
designing a research problem.
Design a research framework, based from the
approved title and statement of the
problems,
showing the variables of the study and their
relationships.
Develop a research methodology, based from the
approved title, statement of the problem and
research framework,
integrating research design, population and
sampling scheme, respondents of the study;
data gathering instruments; procedures in
gathering data, and statistical treatment of
data.
Upon completion of the course, the students will be able to:
E l e m e n t s o f L e a r n i n g O u t c o m e
B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y
Bloom’s taxonomy is a classification system used to define and distinguish
different levels of human cognition—i.e., thinking, learning, and
understanding. Educators have typically used Bloom’s taxonomy to inform
or guide the development of assessments(tests and other evaluations of
student learning), curriculum (units, lessons, projects, and other learning
activities), and instructional methods such as questioning strategies.
Original Taxonomy
Bloom’s taxonomy was originally published in 1956 by a team of cognitive
psychologists at the University of Chicago. It is named after the
committee’s chairman, Benjamin Bloom (1913–1999). The original
taxonomy was organized into three domains: Cognitive, Affective, and
Psychomotor. Educators have primarily focused on the Cognitive model,
which includes six different classification levels: Knowledge,
Comprehension, Application, Analysis, Synthesis, and Evaluation.
B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y
B l o o m ’ s B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y D o m a i n
T a x o n o m y D o m a i n
The cognitive domain aims to develop the mental skills and the acquisition of knowledge of
the individual. The cognitive domain encompasses of six categories which include
knowledge; comprehension; application; analysis; synthesis; and evaluation.
The affective domain includes the feelings, emotions and attitudes of the individual. The
categories of affective domain include receiving phenomena; responding to phenomena;
valuing; organization; and characterization (Anderson et al, 2011).
The psychomotor domain includes utilizing motor skills and the ability to coordinate them.
The sub domains of psychomotor include perception; set; guided response; mechanism;
complex overt response; adaptation; and origination
Cognitive Processes
B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y D o m a i n
B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y D o m a i n
Factual - The basic elements students must know to be acquainted with
a discipline or solve problems
Conceptual – The interrelationships among the basic elements within a
larger structure that enable them to function together
Procedural - How to do something, methods of inquiry, and criteria for
using skills, algorithms, techniques, and methods
Metacognitive – Knowledge of cognition in general, as well as
awareness and knowledge of one’s own cognition
Levels of Knowledge
B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y D o m a i n
B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y D o m a i n
The Cognitive Dimension
The Knowledge
Dimension
Remember Understand Apply Analyze Evaluate Create
Factual
Conceptual
Procedurial
Metacognitive
Cognitive Processes and levels of Knowledge Matrix
B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y D o m a i n
B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y D o m a i n
The Cognitive Dimension
The Knowledge
Dimension
Remember Understand Apply Analyze Evaluate Create
Factual
Conceptual
Procedurial
Metacognitive
Cognitive Processes and levels of Knowledge Matrix
B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y D o m a i n
R e v i s e d B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y
R e v i s e d B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y
R e v i s e d B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y
Bloom’s Revised Taxonomy
Remembering
Retrieving, recognizing, and recalling relevant knowledge from long-term
memory
Understanding
Constructing meaning from oral, written, and graphic messages through
interpreting, exemplifying, classifying, summarizing, inferring,
comparing, and explaining
Applying Carrying out or using a procedure through executing or implementing
Analyzing
Breaking material into constituent parts, determining how the parts
relate to one another and to an overall structure or purpose through
differentiating, organizing, and attributing
Evaluating
Marking judgments based on criteria and standards through checking
and critiquing
Creating
Putting elements together to form a coherent or functional whole;
reorganizing elements into a new pattern or structure through
generating, planning, or producing
Source: Anderson & Krathwohl as cited in Forehand, 2008
http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/index.php?title=Bloom%27s_Taxonomy
R e v i s e d B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y
R e v i s e d B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y
T e a m E x e r c i s e a n T e a m E x e r c i s e a n d
D i s c u s s i o n 2
d D i s c u s s i o n 2
Working in your Team:
• Use the PLOs and CLOs given to you, evaluate the structure and
underline the elements in terms of:
1. Stem
2. Action word
3. Learning statement
4. Criterion or standard
T e a m E x e r c i s e a n d D i s c u s s i o n 2
T e a m E x e r c i s e a n d D i s c u s s i o n 2
STRUCTURE OF STRUCTURE SRRRE OF LEARNING
OUTCSTRUCTURE OF LEARNING OUTCOME
sTRUOME
STRUCTURE OF LEARNING OUTCOME
LEARNING OUTCOME
Learning Outcome Structure 1
Stem Action Word Learning Statement Criterion/Standard
Students will be
able to
formulate innovative
management
strategies
using a triple-
bottom-line
approach.
Learning Outcome Structure 2
Stem Action Word Criterion/Standard Learning Statement
Students will be
able to
use a triple-bottom-
line approach
in formulating
innovative
management
strategies.
STRUCTURE OF LEARNING OUTCOME
STRUCTURE OF LEARNING OUTCOME
Learning Outcome Structure 1
Stem Action Word Learning Statement Criterion/Standard
Students will be
able to
formulate innovative management
strategies
using a triple-bottom-
line approach
Learning Outcome Structure 2
Stem Action Word Criterion/Standard Learning Statement
Students will be
able to
use a triple-bottom-line approach in formulating
innovative management
strategies
Alternative Structure
STRUCTURE OF LEARNING OUTCOME
T e a m E x e r c i s e a n d D i s c u s s i o n 3
Working in your Team:
1. Review the structures of the learning outcomes of your syllabus to enhance
your existing competency in designing an outcome.
2. Rewrite the outcomes into the structure 2 approach. You may substitute the
verbs to have a complete thought of your learning statements and
criterion/standards.
T e a m E x e r c i s e a n d D i s c u s s i o n 3
T e a m E x e r c i s e a n d D i s c u s s i o n 3
T e a m E x e r c i s e a n d D i s c u s s i o n 4
Working in your Team :
1. Use any program or course learning outcome at
hand, determine the structure of the learning
outcomes by underlining elements: stem,
action word, a learning statement, and
criterion or standard.
2. Look at Level 7 in NQF. Does this match?
3. If some of the elements are missing, rewrite
the learning outcomes by applying the
elements involved.
T e a m E x e r c i s e a n d D i s c u s s i o n 4
T e a m E x e r c i s e a n d D i s c u s s i o n 4
T e a m E x e r c T e a m E x e r c i s e a n d
D i s c u s s i o n 5
i s e a n d D i s c u s s i o n 5
• Work with the faculty–team-member by area
• Use the BSEd/BEED….. learning outcomes
• Agree, if you think it appropriate to Level descriptor 7 in the QF.
• If not, re-write it and map it to the level descriptor 7 appropriate for
the bachelor’s level.
T e a m E x e r c i s e a n d D i s c u s s i o n 5
T e a m E x e r c i s e a n d D i s c u s s i o n 5
S e s s i o n 3
Session
Linking
Learning
Outcomes,
Teaching and
Assessment
Learning Outcome:
Apply appropriate pedagogical approaches (teaching and
learning activities) for each learning target and appropriate
assessment for each learning outcome to ensure lifelong
learning.
 It is necessary to have some form of assessment tool or
technique in order to determine the extent to which the
learning outcomes have been achieved.
 Example of direct assessment techniques: written
examinations, project work, portfolios, grading system with
rubrics, theses, reflective journals and performance
assessment
“all learning outcomes should be assessable; in other words,
they should be written in terms that enable testing of
whether or not the student has achieved the outcome.
(Moon, 2002 p. 75)
Linking Learning Outcome, Teaching Strategies
and Assessment
Linking Learning Outcome, Teaching Strategies and Assessment
 Lack of clarity in this area is almost associated with negative
evaluations, learning difficulties, and poor student performance
 “the evidence collected from student course evaluations shows
that clear expectations on the part of students of what is
required of them are vitally important part of students effective
learning (Ramsden, 2003).
Linking Learning Outcome, Teaching Strategies and
Assessment
Linking Learning Outcome, Teaching Strategies and Assessment
 The best way to help students understand how they must
achieve learning outcomes is by clearly setting out the
assessment techniques and the assessment criteria.
Teaching for
Understanding
Achievement
Aims
Assessment tools
Rubrics
Objectives
Accountability
Standards
Assessment for Learning
Teaching for
understanding
Learning
Outcomes and
Assessment
Linking Learning Outcome, Teaching Strategies
and Assessment
Linking Learning Outcome, Teaching Strategies and Assessment
 It is important that the assessment tasks mirror the
learning outcomes since, as far as the student are
concerned, the assessment is the curriculum: “From out
students’ point of view, assessment always defines the
actual curriculum” (Ramsden 2003).
 This situation is represented in Figure 1.
Linking Learning Outcome, Teaching
Strategies and Assessment
Linking Learning Outcome, Teaching Strategies and Assessment
Teacher
Perspectives
Objectives DLO’s* Teaching Activities Assessment
Student
Perspectives
Assessment Learning Activities Outcomes
*Desired Learning
Outcomes (DLOs)
Fig 1. Different representations of teacher and student
perspectives (Biggs, 2003)
Linking Learning Outcome, Teaching
Strategies and Assessment
Linking Learning Outcome, Teaching Strategies and Assessment
If necessary modify module/course content and assessment in light of
feedback
Design assessment method to test if learning outcomes have been achieved
Develop a teaching and learning strategies to enable students to achieve
learning outcomes
Write learning outcomes using standard guidelines
Identify aims and objectives of module/course
Figure 2. Steps involved in the development and refining of
learning outcomes and their assessments (Biggs 2003)
Linking Learning Outcome, Teaching Strategies
and Assessment
Example development and refining of learning outcomes and their assessments
Instructional
objective
Outcome
(results)
Methods
(activities)
Measures
(data
collection)
Criterion
(standard
performance)
To enhance student
communication
skills
Students will be
able to speak in an
engaging, logical
and well
articulated way
Students will give
an oral
presentation on a
relevant topic of
their choice
Faculty will grade
the presentation
using a 3-point
rubric of language,
comprehension of
material; logic of
arguments; use of
eye contact; and
effectiveness in
answering
question
80% of students
will achieve at
least a grade of C
or better.
Example
Development and refining of learning outcomes and their
assessments
Assessment
Assessment is often described in terms of:
 Formative Assessment
 Summative Assessment
Assessment
AssesAsment Task
Assessment Method Mostly likely kind of learning assessed
Extended prose, essay type
Essay exam
Open book
Assignment , take-home
Rote, question spotting, speed structuring
As for exam, but less memory, coverage
Read widely, interrelate, organize and apply
Objective test
Multiple Choice
Ordered outcome
Recognition, strategy, comprehension
Hierarchies of understanding
Performance assessment
Practicum
Seminar, presentation
Posters
Interviewing
Critical incidents
Skills needed in real life
Communication skills
Concentrating on relevance , application
Responding interactively
Reflection, application, sense of relevance
Table 2. Assessment task and the different kinds of learning assessed, adapted from Biggs (2003a)
Development and refining of learning outcomes and their
assessments
Assessment Tasks
Assessment Method Mostly likely kind of learning assessed
Rapid assessments
(large group)
Concept maps
Venn diagrams
One minute/three-minute paper
Short answer
Letter to a friend
Cloze
Coverage, relationship
Relationship
Level of understanding, sense of
relevance
Recall units of information, coverage
Holistic understanding, application
reflection
Comprehension of main ideas
Table 2. Assessment task… continuation
Assessment Tasks
Assessment
Table 2. Linking learning outcomes, teaching and
learning activities and assessment
Learning Outcome Teaching and Learning
Activities
Assessment
Cognitive
Affective
Lectures
Tutorials
Discussions
Laboratory work
Clinical work
Group work
Seminar
Peer group
End of module exam
Multiple choice tests
Essay
Practical assessment
Fieldwork
Demonstrate
Remember
 Understand
 Apply
 Analyze
 Evaluate
 Create
• Integration of beliefs, ideas
and attitudes
• Acquisition of physical skills
Assessment
Assessment
Table 3. Linking learning outcomes, teaching and
learning activities and assessment for module ED2100
in BSc(Ed) program
Learning Outcome Teaching and Learning
Methodologies
Assessment
Cognitive
• Recognize and apply the basic
principles of classroom
management and discipline
• Identify the key characteristics of
high quality science teaching
• Develop a comprehensive portfolio
of lesson plans
Lectures (12)
Tutorials (6)
Observation of classes (6)
of experienced science
teacher (mentor)
End of module exam
Portfolio of lesson
plans
(100 marks)
Affective
• Display a willingness to co-operate
Participation in
mentoring feedback
Report from school
mentor
Assessment
Assessment
Table 3. Linking learning outcomes, teaching and learning activities and assessment for Training and Development
Learning Outcome Teaching and Learning Methodologies Assessment
Cognitive
1. Demonstrate
critical
understanding of the
theoretical concepts
of training and
development and
their impact to
human resource
development
(Knowledge)
Topic: Training in Organization
Lecture and discussion
Problem-Based Learning (PBL)
 Training in Action 1.1: Team Building
Sizzles, then Fizzles,
 Training in Action 1.2: Field Partners with
Growers
Debriefing and Recapping
Assignment 1:
Case Study 1
Cognitive
2. Prepare Training
Needs Analysis
Topic: Need Analysis and Criterion Development:
Framework for Conducting TNA
Lecture and discussion
Project 1.
Conduct
Training Needs
Assessment
Assessment
Table 3. Linking learning outcomes, teaching and learning activities and assessment for Training and Development
Learning Outcome Teaching and Learning Methodologies Assessment
Cognitive
3. Integrate the
systematic instructional
models in designing,
developing, and
implementing training
programs.
(Competence:
Autonomy and
Responsibility)
Topic: Training Design Training Objectives, the Heart
of Training
Lecture and class discussion
Peer grouping and brainstorming
Workshop on how to write training
objective/outcome
Modelling and showing example of a skill or
strategy in Training Design
Problem-Based Learning (PBL)
• Training in Action 5.1: Analysis of Bill’s
Motivation
• Case Presentation: The Real World of
Training…What is Wrong Here?
• Training in Action 5.2: Using Symbolic
Rehearsal to Facilitate Retention
Debriefing and Recapping
Project 2. Designing
of Training
Objective/Outcome
(due on seventh
week)
Assessment
Assessment
Table 3. Linking learning outcomes, teaching and learning activities and assessment for Training and Development
Learning Outcome Teaching and Learning Methodologies Assessment
Cognitive
3. Integrate the
systematic
instructional models
in designing,
developing, and
implementing training
programs.
(Competence:
Autonomy and
Responsibility)
Topic: Development and Implementation of
Training
Lecture, class discussion and brainstorming
Problem-Based Learning (PBL)
• Case Presentation: Jack Goes to Training
• Training in Action 8.1: What a Small
Company Can Do
• Training in Action 8.2: Training in a Small
Business: Examples of Different
Approaches
Debriefing and Recapping
Project 4.
Development of
Training Module
(due on 14th week)
Lecture, class discussion and brainstorming
Problem-Based Learning (PBL)
• Training in Action 8.3: Using Games in
Project 5.
Implementation of
Training Program,
Assessment
Assessment
Table 3. Linking learning outcomes, teaching and learning activities and assessment for Training and Development
Learning Outcome Teaching and Learning Methodologies Assessment
Cognitive
4. Evaluate the
performance of the
delivery of training
programs using the
evaluation system
model outcome
measures—reaction,
learning, behavior,
and results.
(Competence: Role in
Context)
Topic: Development and Implementation of
Training
Lecture and class discussion
Problem-Based Learning (PBL)
• Case Presentation: Training Designed to
Change Behavior and Attitudes
• Training in Action 9.1: Evaluation: What It
is Used for Matters?
• Training in Action 9.2: Reduction in
Training Time: The Value of
Demonstrating Value
• Training in Action 9.3: What Companies
are Doing for Evaluation
Project 6.
Evaluation of
Training Program,
based from the
delivery of training
module (due on
16th week)
Assessment
B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y D o m a i n
The Cognitive Dimension
The Knowledge
Dimension
Remember Understand Apply Analyze Evaluate Create
Factual
Conceptual
Procedurial
Metacognitive
Cognitive Processes and levels of Knowledge Matrix
Demonstrate critical understanding of the theoretical concepts of
training and development and their impact to human resource
development (Knowledge)
Bloom’s
Tax onomy Domain
B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y D o m a i n
The Cognitive Dimension
The
Knowledge
Dimension
Remember Understand Apply Analyze Evaluate Create
Factual
Conceptual
Procedurial
Metacognitive
Cognitive Processes and levels of Knowledge Matrix
2. Prepare Training Needs Analysis (TNA)
based from needs analysis system model.
(Skill)
1. Demonstrate critical understanding of the
theoretical concepts of training and
development and their impact to human
resource development (Knowledge)
3. Integrate the systematic instructional
models in designing, developing, and
implementing training programs.
(Competence: Autonomy and Responsibility)
4. Evaluate the performance of the delivery of
training programs using the evaluation system
model outcome measures—reaction, learning,
behavior, and results. (Competence: Role in
Context)
5. Establish effective training courses and
quality assurance of managing training
programs. (Competence: Self-development)
B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y
D o m a i n
R e v i s e d B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y
Bloom’s Revised Taxonomy
Remembering
Retrieving, recognizing, and recalling relevant knowledge from long-term
memory
Understanding
Constructing meaning from oral, written, and graphic messages through
interpreting, exemplifying, classifying, summarizing, inferring,
comparing, and explaining
Applying Carrying out or using a procedure through executing or implementing
Analyzing
Breaking material into constituent parts, determining how the parts
relate to one another and to an overall structure or purpose through
differentiating, organizing, and attributing
Evaluating
Marking judgments based on criteria and standards through checking
and critiquing
Creating
Putting elements together to form a coherent or functional whole;
reorganizing elements into a new pattern or structure through
generating, planning, or producing
Source: Anderson & Krathwohl as cited in Forehand, 2008
http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/index.php?title=Bloom%27s_Taxonomy
Revised Bloom’s Tax onomy
B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y D o m a i n
Factual - The basic elements students must know to be acquainted with
a discipline or solve problems
Conceptual – The interrelationships among the basic elements within a
larger structure that enable them to function together
Procedural - How to do something, methods of inquiry, and criteria for
using skills, algorithms, techniques, and methods
Metacognitive – Knowledge of cognition in general, as well as
awareness and knowledge of one’s own cognition
Levels of Knowledge
B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y D o m a i n
Team Exercise and Discussion 6
Working in your team:
• Use your learning outcomes in your syllabus:
• Determine the teaching and learning methodologies for
each outcome which you will execute to ensure
achievements of learning. And,
• Prescribe an assessment instrument appropriate to measure
individual learning outcome.
Team Exercise and Discussion 6
Team Exercise and Discussion 6
Congratulations!
You have just finished
session 3
Session
Workshop 1: Integrating NQF,
Bloom’s Taxonomy, TLM, and
Assessment
PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER
Putting It All Together
WORKSHOP PROPER
This is an opportunity to improve the contents of your syllabus.
Using the Syllabus Template:
1. Redesign your Course Learning Outcomes (CLO) by aligning them to QF
Level 7 and reflecting the five (5) strands (Knowledge, Skills & Values,
Application and Degree of Independence.
2. Show how you are going to measure each CLO by determining the
appropriate assessment method.
3. Select appropriate Teaching and Learning Activities/Methods to ensure
successful assessment of learning.
4. Align CLO to PLO
5. Align PLO to GA
WORKSHOP PROPER

More Related Content

Similar to Crafting-OBE-Syllabus.ppt for education.

UNIT 1 OUTCOME BASED EDUCATION IN ASSESSMENT IN LEARNING 1
UNIT 1 OUTCOME BASED EDUCATION IN ASSESSMENT IN LEARNING 1UNIT 1 OUTCOME BASED EDUCATION IN ASSESSMENT IN LEARNING 1
UNIT 1 OUTCOME BASED EDUCATION IN ASSESSMENT IN LEARNING 1
Rai Blanquera
 
1014022 ypdhpe2011 7
1014022 ypdhpe2011 71014022 ypdhpe2011 7
1014022 ypdhpe2011 7
mphillips89
 
Year 2014Summer Semester Prepared by Elena Ashley & Ahma.docx
Year 2014Summer Semester Prepared by Elena Ashley & Ahma.docxYear 2014Summer Semester Prepared by Elena Ashley & Ahma.docx
Year 2014Summer Semester Prepared by Elena Ashley & Ahma.docx
jeffevans62972
 
Companion Materials Looking Through the Lens of Rubrics
Companion Materials Looking Through the Lens of RubricsCompanion Materials Looking Through the Lens of Rubrics
Companion Materials Looking Through the Lens of Rubrics
anniesyso
 
Learningoutcomesandlearningexperiencesfortechnicallydevelopedcurriculumprojec...
Learningoutcomesandlearningexperiencesfortechnicallydevelopedcurriculumprojec...Learningoutcomesandlearningexperiencesfortechnicallydevelopedcurriculumprojec...
Learningoutcomesandlearningexperiencesfortechnicallydevelopedcurriculumprojec...
Ching Nemis
 
Unit 5.pptx
Unit 5.pptxUnit 5.pptx
Unit 5.pptx
Samruddhi Chepe
 

Similar to Crafting-OBE-Syllabus.ppt for education. (20)

FINAL PRESENTATION on OBE using TDD.pptx
FINAL PRESENTATION on OBE using TDD.pptxFINAL PRESENTATION on OBE using TDD.pptx
FINAL PRESENTATION on OBE using TDD.pptx
 
Examination reform policy
Examination reform policy Examination reform policy
Examination reform policy
 
Unpacking Strands to Learning Competencies
Unpacking Strands to Learning CompetenciesUnpacking Strands to Learning Competencies
Unpacking Strands to Learning Competencies
 
New TIP Course 3 (DepEd Teacher) TEACHERPH.COM.pptx
New TIP Course 3 (DepEd Teacher) TEACHERPH.COM.pptxNew TIP Course 3 (DepEd Teacher) TEACHERPH.COM.pptx
New TIP Course 3 (DepEd Teacher) TEACHERPH.COM.pptx
 
K to 12 Classroom Assessment (Revised).pptx
K to 12 Classroom Assessment (Revised).pptxK to 12 Classroom Assessment (Revised).pptx
K to 12 Classroom Assessment (Revised).pptx
 
continous assessment (LH) for Jinela Teachers.pdf
continous assessment (LH)   for Jinela Teachers.pdfcontinous assessment (LH)   for Jinela Teachers.pdf
continous assessment (LH) for Jinela Teachers.pdf
 
UNIT 1 OUTCOME BASED EDUCATION IN ASSESSMENT IN LEARNING 1
UNIT 1 OUTCOME BASED EDUCATION IN ASSESSMENT IN LEARNING 1UNIT 1 OUTCOME BASED EDUCATION IN ASSESSMENT IN LEARNING 1
UNIT 1 OUTCOME BASED EDUCATION IN ASSESSMENT IN LEARNING 1
 
Session 4
Session 4Session 4
Session 4
 
K to 12
K to 12K to 12
K to 12
 
1014022 ypdhpe2011 7
1014022 ypdhpe2011 71014022 ypdhpe2011 7
1014022 ypdhpe2011 7
 
Overview Of Standards Based Curriculum Alignment
Overview Of Standards Based Curriculum AlignmentOverview Of Standards Based Curriculum Alignment
Overview Of Standards Based Curriculum Alignment
 
Year 2014Summer Semester Prepared by Elena Ashley & Ahma.docx
Year 2014Summer Semester Prepared by Elena Ashley & Ahma.docxYear 2014Summer Semester Prepared by Elena Ashley & Ahma.docx
Year 2014Summer Semester Prepared by Elena Ashley & Ahma.docx
 
Companion Materials Looking Through the Lens of Rubrics
Companion Materials Looking Through the Lens of RubricsCompanion Materials Looking Through the Lens of Rubrics
Companion Materials Looking Through the Lens of Rubrics
 
Learningoutcomesandlearningexperiencesfortechnicallydevelopedcurriculumprojec...
Learningoutcomesandlearningexperiencesfortechnicallydevelopedcurriculumprojec...Learningoutcomesandlearningexperiencesfortechnicallydevelopedcurriculumprojec...
Learningoutcomesandlearningexperiencesfortechnicallydevelopedcurriculumprojec...
 
CONSTRUCTING OF PILO, CILO and ILO.pptx
CONSTRUCTING OF PILO, CILO and ILO.pptxCONSTRUCTING OF PILO, CILO and ILO.pptx
CONSTRUCTING OF PILO, CILO and ILO.pptx
 
Session 5
Session 5Session 5
Session 5
 
DEPED Order no. 8, s. 2015
DEPED Order no. 8, s. 2015DEPED Order no. 8, s. 2015
DEPED Order no. 8, s. 2015
 
Unit 5.pptx
Unit 5.pptxUnit 5.pptx
Unit 5.pptx
 
Sacred heart 2015 share
Sacred heart 2015 shareSacred heart 2015 share
Sacred heart 2015 share
 
OFSTED& J ELEY
OFSTED& J ELEYOFSTED& J ELEY
OFSTED& J ELEY
 

Recently uploaded

QUATER-1-PE-HEALTH-LC2- this is just a sample of unpacked lesson
QUATER-1-PE-HEALTH-LC2- this is just a sample of unpacked lessonQUATER-1-PE-HEALTH-LC2- this is just a sample of unpacked lesson
QUATER-1-PE-HEALTH-LC2- this is just a sample of unpacked lesson
httgc7rh9c
 
Transparency, Recognition and the role of eSealing - Ildiko Mazar and Koen No...
Transparency, Recognition and the role of eSealing - Ildiko Mazar and Koen No...Transparency, Recognition and the role of eSealing - Ildiko Mazar and Koen No...
Transparency, Recognition and the role of eSealing - Ildiko Mazar and Koen No...
EADTU
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Beyond_Borders_Understanding_Anime_and_Manga_Fandom_A_Comprehensive_Audience_...
Beyond_Borders_Understanding_Anime_and_Manga_Fandom_A_Comprehensive_Audience_...Beyond_Borders_Understanding_Anime_and_Manga_Fandom_A_Comprehensive_Audience_...
Beyond_Borders_Understanding_Anime_and_Manga_Fandom_A_Comprehensive_Audience_...
 
FSB Advising Checklist - Orientation 2024
FSB Advising Checklist - Orientation 2024FSB Advising Checklist - Orientation 2024
FSB Advising Checklist - Orientation 2024
 
REMIFENTANIL: An Ultra short acting opioid.pptx
REMIFENTANIL: An Ultra short acting opioid.pptxREMIFENTANIL: An Ultra short acting opioid.pptx
REMIFENTANIL: An Ultra short acting opioid.pptx
 
Accessible Digital Futures project (20/03/2024)
Accessible Digital Futures project (20/03/2024)Accessible Digital Futures project (20/03/2024)
Accessible Digital Futures project (20/03/2024)
 
QUATER-1-PE-HEALTH-LC2- this is just a sample of unpacked lesson
QUATER-1-PE-HEALTH-LC2- this is just a sample of unpacked lessonQUATER-1-PE-HEALTH-LC2- this is just a sample of unpacked lesson
QUATER-1-PE-HEALTH-LC2- this is just a sample of unpacked lesson
 
How to Manage Call for Tendor in Odoo 17
How to Manage Call for Tendor in Odoo 17How to Manage Call for Tendor in Odoo 17
How to Manage Call for Tendor in Odoo 17
 
80 ĐỀ THI THỬ TUYỂN SINH TIẾNG ANH VÀO 10 SỞ GD – ĐT THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH NĂ...
80 ĐỀ THI THỬ TUYỂN SINH TIẾNG ANH VÀO 10 SỞ GD – ĐT THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH NĂ...80 ĐỀ THI THỬ TUYỂN SINH TIẾNG ANH VÀO 10 SỞ GD – ĐT THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH NĂ...
80 ĐỀ THI THỬ TUYỂN SINH TIẾNG ANH VÀO 10 SỞ GD – ĐT THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH NĂ...
 
21st_Century_Skills_Framework_Final_Presentation_2.pptx
21st_Century_Skills_Framework_Final_Presentation_2.pptx21st_Century_Skills_Framework_Final_Presentation_2.pptx
21st_Century_Skills_Framework_Final_Presentation_2.pptx
 
Towards a code of practice for AI in AT.pptx
Towards a code of practice for AI in AT.pptxTowards a code of practice for AI in AT.pptx
Towards a code of practice for AI in AT.pptx
 
Economic Importance Of Fungi In Food Additives
Economic Importance Of Fungi In Food AdditivesEconomic Importance Of Fungi In Food Additives
Economic Importance Of Fungi In Food Additives
 
Transparency, Recognition and the role of eSealing - Ildiko Mazar and Koen No...
Transparency, Recognition and the role of eSealing - Ildiko Mazar and Koen No...Transparency, Recognition and the role of eSealing - Ildiko Mazar and Koen No...
Transparency, Recognition and the role of eSealing - Ildiko Mazar and Koen No...
 
OS-operating systems- ch05 (CPU Scheduling) ...
OS-operating systems- ch05 (CPU Scheduling) ...OS-operating systems- ch05 (CPU Scheduling) ...
OS-operating systems- ch05 (CPU Scheduling) ...
 
How to Manage Global Discount in Odoo 17 POS
How to Manage Global Discount in Odoo 17 POSHow to Manage Global Discount in Odoo 17 POS
How to Manage Global Discount in Odoo 17 POS
 
Play hard learn harder: The Serious Business of Play
Play hard learn harder:  The Serious Business of PlayPlay hard learn harder:  The Serious Business of Play
Play hard learn harder: The Serious Business of Play
 
Model Attribute _rec_name in the Odoo 17
Model Attribute _rec_name in the Odoo 17Model Attribute _rec_name in the Odoo 17
Model Attribute _rec_name in the Odoo 17
 
Jamworks pilot and AI at Jisc (20/03/2024)
Jamworks pilot and AI at Jisc (20/03/2024)Jamworks pilot and AI at Jisc (20/03/2024)
Jamworks pilot and AI at Jisc (20/03/2024)
 
COMMUNICATING NEGATIVE NEWS - APPROACHES .pptx
COMMUNICATING NEGATIVE NEWS - APPROACHES .pptxCOMMUNICATING NEGATIVE NEWS - APPROACHES .pptx
COMMUNICATING NEGATIVE NEWS - APPROACHES .pptx
 
OSCM Unit 2_Operations Processes & Systems
OSCM Unit 2_Operations Processes & SystemsOSCM Unit 2_Operations Processes & Systems
OSCM Unit 2_Operations Processes & Systems
 
AIM of Education-Teachers Training-2024.ppt
AIM of Education-Teachers Training-2024.pptAIM of Education-Teachers Training-2024.ppt
AIM of Education-Teachers Training-2024.ppt
 
HMCS Max Bernays Pre-Deployment Brief (May 2024).pptx
HMCS Max Bernays Pre-Deployment Brief (May 2024).pptxHMCS Max Bernays Pre-Deployment Brief (May 2024).pptx
HMCS Max Bernays Pre-Deployment Brief (May 2024).pptx
 

Crafting-OBE-Syllabus.ppt for education.

  • 2. Revisiting the: A g e n d a 1. The Philippine Qualification Framework 2. Learning Outcome Development and Levels of Qualifications
  • 3. At the end of the workshop, the Faculty Members should be able to: 1. Integrate QF in developing learning outcomes across Ced’s academic programs. 2. Utilizing Bloom’s Taxonomy, review and re-write Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) and Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs) by aligning outcomes to NQF Level 6 (Bachelor), Level 7 (Master) and Level 8 (Doctorate). 3. Finalize the syllabus/syllabi integrating the required contents. Training Learning Outcome
  • 4. Session 1 The Qualification Framework: Niche of Program Effectiveness Philippine Qualification Framework Learning outcome 1. Integrate UAE-National Qualification Framework (NQF) in developing learning outcomes across UOF’s academic.
  • 5. Structure 1. 1. Number of Levels: 8 levels have been adopted for the country 1. Number of Levels: 8 levels have been adopted for the country. 1. Number of Levels: 8 levels have been adopted for the country Number of Levels: 8 levels have been adopted for the country 1. Number of levels – 8 levels have been develop 3. Learning Outcomes Strands 1. Knowledge 2. Skill 3. Values 4. Application Aspects of competence 5. Degree of Independence
  • 6. Structure 3. Definition of Strands He The strands of learning outcomes reflect what is expected to be achieved at the respective level, for each qualification. A qualification is defined, benchmarked and aligned to the requisite level. These strands of learning outcomes reflect what is expected to be achieved at the respective level, for each qualification. A qualification is defined, benchmarked and aligned to the requisite level.
  • 7. Structure  There is an expectation that all programs will be designed and delivered in a way that ensures that all strands in the Framework will be addressed. The balance of emphasis between the strands will vary between individual programs.  For example, some will place a stronger emphasis on knowledge and skills and less on competencies while others will have a greater focus on competencies and a narrow knowledge base. It will be important to demonstrate how significant each strand is to the program and be able to reflect on why some strands have much less significance.
  • 8. T r a i n i n g O u t c o m e Grid of Level Descriptors
  • 9. Strands at each Level Strand Sub-strand Description Knowledge Breadth How broad is the learner's knowledge? Type What characteristics and quality of knowing has the learner engaged in? Skill Range What is the breadth of the physical, intellectual, social and other skills acquired by the learner? Selectivity How does the learner select the skills learned to address a range of problems? What is the nature of the complexity of the problems and how does the learner engage with them? Competence Application How does the learner demonstrate the taking of responsibility personally and in groups? How does the learner deploy skills acquired in managing interactions with others and working on their own? To what extent can the learner operate in new environments, acquire new knowledge and skills; and assimilate these to their existing body of knowledge and Program Level
  • 10. T r a i n i n g O u t c o m e Definition of Strands • It is the cognitive representation of ideas, events or happenings. • The QF descriptors refer to theoretical and/or factual aspects of knowledge. KNOWLEDGE
  • 11. T r a i n i n g O u t c o m e Definitions of Strands • The QF descriptors refer to skills as cognitive (use of logical, intuitive, creative and conceptual thinking) and practical (involving manual dexterity and the use of methods, techniques, processes, materials, tools and instruments). • Skill is the learned ability to perform a function that in some way responds to or manipulates the physical, informational or social environment of the person. • Incorporates the concept of ‘know-how’, which is the procedural knowledge required to carry out a task. • Know-how may be assessed directly or implied from performance; otherwise skill can only be measured by performance. SKILLS
  • 12.  advanced skills required in research, analysis, evaluation and/or innovation of complex ideas, information, concepts and or activities  skills to develop new knowledge and procedures and to integrate knowledge from different fields using highly developed cognitive and creative skills and intellectual independence in the field of work or discipline  advanced problem-solving skills to analyse highly complex issues with incomplete data and develop innovative solutions and proposals relevant to an academic/professional field of work or discipline  planning skills to develop and execute a major project or comparable activities (that includes a significant range of variables and complexity) with appropriately selected research methodologies producing sound conclusions  highly developed specialist communication and information technology skills to present, explain and/or critique highly complex matters Level 7 (Skills) Master Descriptor
  • 13. Level 6 (Skills) Bachelor Descriptor
  • 14. Implication of alignment?  Its not just a paper exercise.  Implies changes to our curriculum design as well as approaches to teaching, learning, and assessment practices.
  • 15. What we are really aligning?  We talk about aligning the qualification to QF – BUT are we really aligning the student outcomes?
  • 16. How?  No magic formula!  But there are effective approaches which can be developed and built upon.
  • 17. Remember our Goal!  Actual student outcomes align with QF.  Alignment of actual student outcomes requires planning, effort and coherent practice in learning, teaching and assessment as well as curriculum design.  Alignment of course learning outcomes to program outcomes is as important as aligning the program to QF.  Remember that students need to achieve the SET of program outcomes at the correct level that comprise the qualification descriptor in QF.
  • 18. Verification of Achievements  To achieve a particular qualification a student must show achievement of all program outcomes at the relevant level.  Achievement of the set of outcomes across the strands = achievement of level descriptor, and = entitlement to qualification or degree.
  • 19. Bad Practice and… very bad practice!  Bad practice – where the LO’s align to the QF  BUT that is where it ends!  Very bad practice is where even the LO’s do not align. .
  • 20. Effective Practice that Supports Good Alignment  Knowledge is no longer “KING” – look at the strands.  Shift of focus to what our students will learn, know and be able to do – NOT what we teach them.  Assessment covers a range of methods to enable students to demonstrate achievement of the LOs.
  • 21. Learning Outcome Development and Levels of Qualificaitons Session Learning Outcome Development and Levels of Qualifications Learning Outcome 2: Utilizing Bloom’s Taxonomy, review and re-write Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) and Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs) by aligning outcomes to NQF Level 6 (Bachelor), Level 7 (Master) and Level 8 (Doctorate).
  • 22. Difference between Objectives and Learning Outcome  These are the specific steps that take us from where we are now toward our goals.  Usually formulated as teaching objectives (what the teacher does to promote students’ learning)  They are more specific statements of what you will present to the participants  Focus – TEACHER  What students will know and be able to do as a result of engaging in the learning process  They represent statements of achievement expressed from the LEARNERS PERSPECTIVE ..at the end of the program students will know or be able to do…  They must translate the teachers objectives into specific, tangible, attainable learning achievements for students  Focus -STUDENTS Objectives Learning Outcomes
  • 23. Difference between Objectives and Learning Outcome Example of an Objective Example of a Learning Outcome  Students will be taught the basic principles of database searching.  Students will be able to apply the principles of database searching in a review of literature.
  • 24. Learning Outcome Well known and used definition of learning outcomes  “learning outcomes are descriptions of what the learner is expected to learn in the period of learning defined and alongside this imply the standard of learning expected” (Gosling and Moon 2001)
  • 25. Learning Outcome  The levels are distinguished by the nature of the learning outcomes.  NQF Table
  • 26. T r a i n i n g O u t c o m e Grid of Level Descriptors
  • 27. Distance Travelled Level 5 (year 1 undergraduate) • Analysis: can analyse with guidance using given classifications /principles. Level 7 (final year undergraduate) • Analysis: can analyse new and/or abstract data and situations with little guidance, using a range of techniques appropriate to the subject. Level 5 Descriptor: It demonstrates cognitive knowledge (in terms of analysis) that is comprehensive and specialized with a field of work or discipline. Level 7 Descriptor: It demonstrates cognitive knowledge and critical understanding (in terms of analysis) of the well-established principles and practice in a field of work or discipline.
  • 28. Tea Exercise and Discussion 1 This is an opportunity to practice writing a programme learning outcome for a skill.  the skill of analysis - and to practice pitching it at postgraduate level building on lower undergraduate level outcomes.  Working with the person next to you look at the following slide and write a programme outcome for level 9 (Masters) for analysis. Team Exercise and Discussion 1
  • 29. Team Exercise and Discussion 1 Level 5 (year 1 undergraduate)  Analysis: can analyze with guidance using given classifications /principles; Level 6 (final year undergraduate)  Analysis: can analyze new and/or abstract data and situations with little guidance, using a range of techniques appropriate to the subject. Level 7 (Master’s level)  Analysis: ?? NQF Level 7 Team Exercise and Discussion 1
  • 30. Feedback  Level 7 (Masters level)  Analysis: can analyze new and /or abstract data (including incomplete data)and situations using a range of advanced techniques relevant to the subject and demonstrate self-direction and originality in explaining and interpreting outcomes.  Look at skill at Level 9 in NQF. Does this match?  Does yours match? Level 9 Descriptor: It demonstrates self- directed comprehensive highly specialized knowledge and practiced learning. Feedback
  • 31. Judging the Level of Learning Outcome  Myths say the level of LOs is based largely on the verb used, e.g.  ‘describe’ is level 4  ‘analyze’ is level 5  ‘critically analyze’ is level 6  Scope and quality of guidance are more important. Judging the Level of Learning Outcome
  • 32. Judging the Level of Learning Outcome Level 5 (year 1 undergraduate)  Analysis: can analyze with guidance using given classification/principles. Level 6 (final year undergraduate)  Analysis: can analyze new and/or abstract data and situations with little guidance, using a range of techniques appropriate to the subject. Level 7 (Masters level)  Analysis: can analyze new and /or abstract data (including incomplete data)and situations using a range of advanced techniques relevant to the subject and demonstrate self-direction and originality in explaining and interpreting outcomes. Judging the Level of Learning Outcome
  • 33. E l e m e n t s o f L e a r n i n g O u t c o m e Action Word (performance) Learning Statement (the learning) Criterion or Standard (the conditions of the performance demonstration) Apply a range of relevant principles and theoretical knowledge to develop strategies and solutions to current business problems. Apply relevant principles and theories to develop strategies for the organization. Demonstrat e a knowledge of mathematics and statistics and their application to business context. Demonstrat e how financial and market information drive business strategy making. Analyze problems, their risks and solutions in order to develop effective business strategy. Upon completion of the program, the students will be able to: E l e m e n t s o f L e a r n i n g O u t c o m e
  • 34. S t r u c t u r e o f L e a r n i n g O u t c o m e Action Word (performance) Learning Statement (the learning) Criterion or Standard (the conditions of the performance demonstration) Demonstrate fundamental concepts and principles of research as applied to education. Develop a research title and statement of the problem using the fundamental approaches in designing a research problem. Design a research framework, based from the approved title and statement of the problems, showing the variables of the study and their relationships. Develop a research methodology, based from the approved title, statement of the problem and research framework, integrating research design, population and sampling scheme, respondents of the study; data gathering instruments; procedures in gathering data, and statistical treatment of data. Upon completion of the course, the students will be able to: E l e m e n t s o f L e a r n i n g O u t c o m e
  • 35. B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y Bloom’s taxonomy is a classification system used to define and distinguish different levels of human cognition—i.e., thinking, learning, and understanding. Educators have typically used Bloom’s taxonomy to inform or guide the development of assessments(tests and other evaluations of student learning), curriculum (units, lessons, projects, and other learning activities), and instructional methods such as questioning strategies. Original Taxonomy Bloom’s taxonomy was originally published in 1956 by a team of cognitive psychologists at the University of Chicago. It is named after the committee’s chairman, Benjamin Bloom (1913–1999). The original taxonomy was organized into three domains: Cognitive, Affective, and Psychomotor. Educators have primarily focused on the Cognitive model, which includes six different classification levels: Knowledge, Comprehension, Application, Analysis, Synthesis, and Evaluation. B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y
  • 36. B l o o m ’ s B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y D o m a i n T a x o n o m y D o m a i n The cognitive domain aims to develop the mental skills and the acquisition of knowledge of the individual. The cognitive domain encompasses of six categories which include knowledge; comprehension; application; analysis; synthesis; and evaluation. The affective domain includes the feelings, emotions and attitudes of the individual. The categories of affective domain include receiving phenomena; responding to phenomena; valuing; organization; and characterization (Anderson et al, 2011). The psychomotor domain includes utilizing motor skills and the ability to coordinate them. The sub domains of psychomotor include perception; set; guided response; mechanism; complex overt response; adaptation; and origination Cognitive Processes B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y D o m a i n
  • 37. B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y D o m a i n Factual - The basic elements students must know to be acquainted with a discipline or solve problems Conceptual – The interrelationships among the basic elements within a larger structure that enable them to function together Procedural - How to do something, methods of inquiry, and criteria for using skills, algorithms, techniques, and methods Metacognitive – Knowledge of cognition in general, as well as awareness and knowledge of one’s own cognition Levels of Knowledge B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y D o m a i n
  • 38. B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y D o m a i n The Cognitive Dimension The Knowledge Dimension Remember Understand Apply Analyze Evaluate Create Factual Conceptual Procedurial Metacognitive Cognitive Processes and levels of Knowledge Matrix B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y D o m a i n
  • 39. B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y D o m a i n The Cognitive Dimension The Knowledge Dimension Remember Understand Apply Analyze Evaluate Create Factual Conceptual Procedurial Metacognitive Cognitive Processes and levels of Knowledge Matrix B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y D o m a i n
  • 40. R e v i s e d B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y R e v i s e d B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y
  • 41. R e v i s e d B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y Bloom’s Revised Taxonomy Remembering Retrieving, recognizing, and recalling relevant knowledge from long-term memory Understanding Constructing meaning from oral, written, and graphic messages through interpreting, exemplifying, classifying, summarizing, inferring, comparing, and explaining Applying Carrying out or using a procedure through executing or implementing Analyzing Breaking material into constituent parts, determining how the parts relate to one another and to an overall structure or purpose through differentiating, organizing, and attributing Evaluating Marking judgments based on criteria and standards through checking and critiquing Creating Putting elements together to form a coherent or functional whole; reorganizing elements into a new pattern or structure through generating, planning, or producing Source: Anderson & Krathwohl as cited in Forehand, 2008 http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/index.php?title=Bloom%27s_Taxonomy R e v i s e d B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y
  • 42. R e v i s e d B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y
  • 43. T e a m E x e r c i s e a n T e a m E x e r c i s e a n d D i s c u s s i o n 2 d D i s c u s s i o n 2 Working in your Team: • Use the PLOs and CLOs given to you, evaluate the structure and underline the elements in terms of: 1. Stem 2. Action word 3. Learning statement 4. Criterion or standard T e a m E x e r c i s e a n d D i s c u s s i o n 2
  • 44. T e a m E x e r c i s e a n d D i s c u s s i o n 2
  • 45. STRUCTURE OF STRUCTURE SRRRE OF LEARNING OUTCSTRUCTURE OF LEARNING OUTCOME sTRUOME STRUCTURE OF LEARNING OUTCOME LEARNING OUTCOME Learning Outcome Structure 1 Stem Action Word Learning Statement Criterion/Standard Students will be able to formulate innovative management strategies using a triple- bottom-line approach. Learning Outcome Structure 2 Stem Action Word Criterion/Standard Learning Statement Students will be able to use a triple-bottom- line approach in formulating innovative management strategies. STRUCTURE OF LEARNING OUTCOME
  • 46. STRUCTURE OF LEARNING OUTCOME Learning Outcome Structure 1 Stem Action Word Learning Statement Criterion/Standard Students will be able to formulate innovative management strategies using a triple-bottom- line approach Learning Outcome Structure 2 Stem Action Word Criterion/Standard Learning Statement Students will be able to use a triple-bottom-line approach in formulating innovative management strategies Alternative Structure STRUCTURE OF LEARNING OUTCOME
  • 47. T e a m E x e r c i s e a n d D i s c u s s i o n 3 Working in your Team: 1. Review the structures of the learning outcomes of your syllabus to enhance your existing competency in designing an outcome. 2. Rewrite the outcomes into the structure 2 approach. You may substitute the verbs to have a complete thought of your learning statements and criterion/standards. T e a m E x e r c i s e a n d D i s c u s s i o n 3
  • 48. T e a m E x e r c i s e a n d D i s c u s s i o n 3
  • 49. T e a m E x e r c i s e a n d D i s c u s s i o n 4 Working in your Team : 1. Use any program or course learning outcome at hand, determine the structure of the learning outcomes by underlining elements: stem, action word, a learning statement, and criterion or standard. 2. Look at Level 7 in NQF. Does this match? 3. If some of the elements are missing, rewrite the learning outcomes by applying the elements involved. T e a m E x e r c i s e a n d D i s c u s s i o n 4
  • 50. T e a m E x e r c i s e a n d D i s c u s s i o n 4
  • 51. T e a m E x e r c T e a m E x e r c i s e a n d D i s c u s s i o n 5 i s e a n d D i s c u s s i o n 5 • Work with the faculty–team-member by area • Use the BSEd/BEED….. learning outcomes • Agree, if you think it appropriate to Level descriptor 7 in the QF. • If not, re-write it and map it to the level descriptor 7 appropriate for the bachelor’s level. T e a m E x e r c i s e a n d D i s c u s s i o n 5
  • 52. T e a m E x e r c i s e a n d D i s c u s s i o n 5
  • 53. S e s s i o n 3 Session Linking Learning Outcomes, Teaching and Assessment Learning Outcome: Apply appropriate pedagogical approaches (teaching and learning activities) for each learning target and appropriate assessment for each learning outcome to ensure lifelong learning.
  • 54.  It is necessary to have some form of assessment tool or technique in order to determine the extent to which the learning outcomes have been achieved.  Example of direct assessment techniques: written examinations, project work, portfolios, grading system with rubrics, theses, reflective journals and performance assessment “all learning outcomes should be assessable; in other words, they should be written in terms that enable testing of whether or not the student has achieved the outcome. (Moon, 2002 p. 75) Linking Learning Outcome, Teaching Strategies and Assessment
  • 55. Linking Learning Outcome, Teaching Strategies and Assessment  Lack of clarity in this area is almost associated with negative evaluations, learning difficulties, and poor student performance  “the evidence collected from student course evaluations shows that clear expectations on the part of students of what is required of them are vitally important part of students effective learning (Ramsden, 2003). Linking Learning Outcome, Teaching Strategies and Assessment
  • 56. Linking Learning Outcome, Teaching Strategies and Assessment  The best way to help students understand how they must achieve learning outcomes is by clearly setting out the assessment techniques and the assessment criteria. Teaching for Understanding Achievement Aims Assessment tools Rubrics Objectives Accountability Standards Assessment for Learning Teaching for understanding Learning Outcomes and Assessment Linking Learning Outcome, Teaching Strategies and Assessment
  • 57. Linking Learning Outcome, Teaching Strategies and Assessment  It is important that the assessment tasks mirror the learning outcomes since, as far as the student are concerned, the assessment is the curriculum: “From out students’ point of view, assessment always defines the actual curriculum” (Ramsden 2003).  This situation is represented in Figure 1. Linking Learning Outcome, Teaching Strategies and Assessment
  • 58. Linking Learning Outcome, Teaching Strategies and Assessment Teacher Perspectives Objectives DLO’s* Teaching Activities Assessment Student Perspectives Assessment Learning Activities Outcomes *Desired Learning Outcomes (DLOs) Fig 1. Different representations of teacher and student perspectives (Biggs, 2003) Linking Learning Outcome, Teaching Strategies and Assessment
  • 59. Linking Learning Outcome, Teaching Strategies and Assessment If necessary modify module/course content and assessment in light of feedback Design assessment method to test if learning outcomes have been achieved Develop a teaching and learning strategies to enable students to achieve learning outcomes Write learning outcomes using standard guidelines Identify aims and objectives of module/course Figure 2. Steps involved in the development and refining of learning outcomes and their assessments (Biggs 2003) Linking Learning Outcome, Teaching Strategies and Assessment
  • 60. Example development and refining of learning outcomes and their assessments Instructional objective Outcome (results) Methods (activities) Measures (data collection) Criterion (standard performance) To enhance student communication skills Students will be able to speak in an engaging, logical and well articulated way Students will give an oral presentation on a relevant topic of their choice Faculty will grade the presentation using a 3-point rubric of language, comprehension of material; logic of arguments; use of eye contact; and effectiveness in answering question 80% of students will achieve at least a grade of C or better. Example Development and refining of learning outcomes and their assessments
  • 61. Assessment Assessment is often described in terms of:  Formative Assessment  Summative Assessment Assessment
  • 62. AssesAsment Task Assessment Method Mostly likely kind of learning assessed Extended prose, essay type Essay exam Open book Assignment , take-home Rote, question spotting, speed structuring As for exam, but less memory, coverage Read widely, interrelate, organize and apply Objective test Multiple Choice Ordered outcome Recognition, strategy, comprehension Hierarchies of understanding Performance assessment Practicum Seminar, presentation Posters Interviewing Critical incidents Skills needed in real life Communication skills Concentrating on relevance , application Responding interactively Reflection, application, sense of relevance Table 2. Assessment task and the different kinds of learning assessed, adapted from Biggs (2003a) Development and refining of learning outcomes and their assessments
  • 63. Assessment Tasks Assessment Method Mostly likely kind of learning assessed Rapid assessments (large group) Concept maps Venn diagrams One minute/three-minute paper Short answer Letter to a friend Cloze Coverage, relationship Relationship Level of understanding, sense of relevance Recall units of information, coverage Holistic understanding, application reflection Comprehension of main ideas Table 2. Assessment task… continuation Assessment Tasks
  • 64. Assessment Table 2. Linking learning outcomes, teaching and learning activities and assessment Learning Outcome Teaching and Learning Activities Assessment Cognitive Affective Lectures Tutorials Discussions Laboratory work Clinical work Group work Seminar Peer group End of module exam Multiple choice tests Essay Practical assessment Fieldwork Demonstrate Remember  Understand  Apply  Analyze  Evaluate  Create • Integration of beliefs, ideas and attitudes • Acquisition of physical skills Assessment
  • 65. Assessment Table 3. Linking learning outcomes, teaching and learning activities and assessment for module ED2100 in BSc(Ed) program Learning Outcome Teaching and Learning Methodologies Assessment Cognitive • Recognize and apply the basic principles of classroom management and discipline • Identify the key characteristics of high quality science teaching • Develop a comprehensive portfolio of lesson plans Lectures (12) Tutorials (6) Observation of classes (6) of experienced science teacher (mentor) End of module exam Portfolio of lesson plans (100 marks) Affective • Display a willingness to co-operate Participation in mentoring feedback Report from school mentor Assessment
  • 66. Assessment Table 3. Linking learning outcomes, teaching and learning activities and assessment for Training and Development Learning Outcome Teaching and Learning Methodologies Assessment Cognitive 1. Demonstrate critical understanding of the theoretical concepts of training and development and their impact to human resource development (Knowledge) Topic: Training in Organization Lecture and discussion Problem-Based Learning (PBL)  Training in Action 1.1: Team Building Sizzles, then Fizzles,  Training in Action 1.2: Field Partners with Growers Debriefing and Recapping Assignment 1: Case Study 1 Cognitive 2. Prepare Training Needs Analysis Topic: Need Analysis and Criterion Development: Framework for Conducting TNA Lecture and discussion Project 1. Conduct Training Needs Assessment
  • 67. Assessment Table 3. Linking learning outcomes, teaching and learning activities and assessment for Training and Development Learning Outcome Teaching and Learning Methodologies Assessment Cognitive 3. Integrate the systematic instructional models in designing, developing, and implementing training programs. (Competence: Autonomy and Responsibility) Topic: Training Design Training Objectives, the Heart of Training Lecture and class discussion Peer grouping and brainstorming Workshop on how to write training objective/outcome Modelling and showing example of a skill or strategy in Training Design Problem-Based Learning (PBL) • Training in Action 5.1: Analysis of Bill’s Motivation • Case Presentation: The Real World of Training…What is Wrong Here? • Training in Action 5.2: Using Symbolic Rehearsal to Facilitate Retention Debriefing and Recapping Project 2. Designing of Training Objective/Outcome (due on seventh week) Assessment
  • 68. Assessment Table 3. Linking learning outcomes, teaching and learning activities and assessment for Training and Development Learning Outcome Teaching and Learning Methodologies Assessment Cognitive 3. Integrate the systematic instructional models in designing, developing, and implementing training programs. (Competence: Autonomy and Responsibility) Topic: Development and Implementation of Training Lecture, class discussion and brainstorming Problem-Based Learning (PBL) • Case Presentation: Jack Goes to Training • Training in Action 8.1: What a Small Company Can Do • Training in Action 8.2: Training in a Small Business: Examples of Different Approaches Debriefing and Recapping Project 4. Development of Training Module (due on 14th week) Lecture, class discussion and brainstorming Problem-Based Learning (PBL) • Training in Action 8.3: Using Games in Project 5. Implementation of Training Program, Assessment
  • 69. Assessment Table 3. Linking learning outcomes, teaching and learning activities and assessment for Training and Development Learning Outcome Teaching and Learning Methodologies Assessment Cognitive 4. Evaluate the performance of the delivery of training programs using the evaluation system model outcome measures—reaction, learning, behavior, and results. (Competence: Role in Context) Topic: Development and Implementation of Training Lecture and class discussion Problem-Based Learning (PBL) • Case Presentation: Training Designed to Change Behavior and Attitudes • Training in Action 9.1: Evaluation: What It is Used for Matters? • Training in Action 9.2: Reduction in Training Time: The Value of Demonstrating Value • Training in Action 9.3: What Companies are Doing for Evaluation Project 6. Evaluation of Training Program, based from the delivery of training module (due on 16th week) Assessment
  • 70. B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y D o m a i n The Cognitive Dimension The Knowledge Dimension Remember Understand Apply Analyze Evaluate Create Factual Conceptual Procedurial Metacognitive Cognitive Processes and levels of Knowledge Matrix Demonstrate critical understanding of the theoretical concepts of training and development and their impact to human resource development (Knowledge) Bloom’s Tax onomy Domain
  • 71. B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y D o m a i n The Cognitive Dimension The Knowledge Dimension Remember Understand Apply Analyze Evaluate Create Factual Conceptual Procedurial Metacognitive Cognitive Processes and levels of Knowledge Matrix 2. Prepare Training Needs Analysis (TNA) based from needs analysis system model. (Skill) 1. Demonstrate critical understanding of the theoretical concepts of training and development and their impact to human resource development (Knowledge) 3. Integrate the systematic instructional models in designing, developing, and implementing training programs. (Competence: Autonomy and Responsibility) 4. Evaluate the performance of the delivery of training programs using the evaluation system model outcome measures—reaction, learning, behavior, and results. (Competence: Role in Context) 5. Establish effective training courses and quality assurance of managing training programs. (Competence: Self-development) B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y D o m a i n
  • 72. R e v i s e d B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y Bloom’s Revised Taxonomy Remembering Retrieving, recognizing, and recalling relevant knowledge from long-term memory Understanding Constructing meaning from oral, written, and graphic messages through interpreting, exemplifying, classifying, summarizing, inferring, comparing, and explaining Applying Carrying out or using a procedure through executing or implementing Analyzing Breaking material into constituent parts, determining how the parts relate to one another and to an overall structure or purpose through differentiating, organizing, and attributing Evaluating Marking judgments based on criteria and standards through checking and critiquing Creating Putting elements together to form a coherent or functional whole; reorganizing elements into a new pattern or structure through generating, planning, or producing Source: Anderson & Krathwohl as cited in Forehand, 2008 http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/index.php?title=Bloom%27s_Taxonomy Revised Bloom’s Tax onomy
  • 73. B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y D o m a i n Factual - The basic elements students must know to be acquainted with a discipline or solve problems Conceptual – The interrelationships among the basic elements within a larger structure that enable them to function together Procedural - How to do something, methods of inquiry, and criteria for using skills, algorithms, techniques, and methods Metacognitive – Knowledge of cognition in general, as well as awareness and knowledge of one’s own cognition Levels of Knowledge B l o o m ’ s T a x o n o m y D o m a i n
  • 74. Team Exercise and Discussion 6 Working in your team: • Use your learning outcomes in your syllabus: • Determine the teaching and learning methodologies for each outcome which you will execute to ensure achievements of learning. And, • Prescribe an assessment instrument appropriate to measure individual learning outcome. Team Exercise and Discussion 6
  • 75. Team Exercise and Discussion 6
  • 76. Congratulations! You have just finished session 3
  • 77. Session Workshop 1: Integrating NQF, Bloom’s Taxonomy, TLM, and Assessment PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER Putting It All Together
  • 78. WORKSHOP PROPER This is an opportunity to improve the contents of your syllabus. Using the Syllabus Template: 1. Redesign your Course Learning Outcomes (CLO) by aligning them to QF Level 7 and reflecting the five (5) strands (Knowledge, Skills & Values, Application and Degree of Independence. 2. Show how you are going to measure each CLO by determining the appropriate assessment method. 3. Select appropriate Teaching and Learning Activities/Methods to ensure successful assessment of learning. 4. Align CLO to PLO 5. Align PLO to GA WORKSHOP PROPER

Editor's Notes

  1. The niche is the metaphor to place or describe the program effectiveness.
  2. It can be learned from practical or professional experience as well as from formal instruction or study and can comprise description, memory, understanding, thinking, analysis, synthesis, debate and research.
  3. Learning outcomes are those specific outcomes which are observable through students’ performances and which constitute the basis on which we as academics can make an assessment of students’ achievements.