The document provides information on COVID-19 vaccination for postpartum lactating women. It discusses the vaccines available in India and their effectiveness. Studies have shown that the mRNA vaccines generate robust immunity in pregnant and lactating women similar to non-pregnant women. Vaccine-induced antibodies were found in breastmilk, allowing for immune transfer to infants. Preliminary findings did not reveal any obvious safety signals among vaccinated pregnant individuals. International organizations recommend vaccination for pregnant and lactating individuals when the benefits outweigh the risks.
Webinar Series on COVID-19 vaccine: Jointly organized by Malaysian Society of Infection Control and Infectious Diseases (MyICID) & Institute for Clinical Research (ICR), NIH
Speaker: Dr. Muniswaran Ganeshan, Maternal Fetal Medicine Consultant at the Women and Children’s Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Ministry of Health Malaysia.
Breastfeeding in Women with Covid19 infection-Expert group meeting for develo...Niranjan Chavan
Breastfeeding in Women with Covid19 infection-Expert group meeting for development of standard treatment protocols for clinical management of covid- 19 complicating pregnancy at New Delhi 8th December 2021
Webinar Series on COVID-19 vaccine: Jointly organized by Malaysian Society of Infection Control and Infectious Diseases (MyICID) & Institute for Clinical Research (ICR), NIH
Speaker: Dr. Rizah Mazzuin Razali, the head of Geriatric Unit and Internal Medicine Physician working in Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia.
Guidelines On COVID-19 Vaccination In Pregnancy And Breastfeeding, Version 2 (23rd June 2021)
By Ministry of Health, Malaysia
Update: Addendum added in 10th Aug 2021 - https://www.slideshare.net/ICRInstituteForClini/updated-guidelines-on-covid19-vaccination-for-pregnant-and-breastfeeding-mothers
Perception and Behavioural Outcome towards COVID-19 Vaccine among Students an...Kailash Nagar
ntroduction: Perception and behaviour towards corona vaccine among peoples in India was poor due to some side effects and negative media publicity in primary phases of vaccination. India has developed two types of vaccine (Covaxin and Covishield). During primary phase of corona vaccine we don’t have appropriate research and literature, about side effects and how far vaccine is reliable that why due so some minor side effect and negative media publicity peoples are very scared to take vaccine. So few peoples were started denial get vaccinated. The researcher wan to explore the positivity through the research result to reduce the negative mindset of the peoples toward corona vaccine, Because in India few peoples has fear to take vaccine against corona due to negative media publicity and scared of side effect.
Webinar Series on COVID-19 vaccine: Jointly organized by Malaysian Society of Infection Control and Infectious Diseases (MyICID) & Institute for Clinical Research (ICR), NIH
Speaker: Dr. Muniswaran Ganeshan, Maternal Fetal Medicine Consultant at the Women and Children’s Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Ministry of Health Malaysia.
Breastfeeding in Women with Covid19 infection-Expert group meeting for develo...Niranjan Chavan
Breastfeeding in Women with Covid19 infection-Expert group meeting for development of standard treatment protocols for clinical management of covid- 19 complicating pregnancy at New Delhi 8th December 2021
Webinar Series on COVID-19 vaccine: Jointly organized by Malaysian Society of Infection Control and Infectious Diseases (MyICID) & Institute for Clinical Research (ICR), NIH
Speaker: Dr. Rizah Mazzuin Razali, the head of Geriatric Unit and Internal Medicine Physician working in Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia.
Guidelines On COVID-19 Vaccination In Pregnancy And Breastfeeding, Version 2 (23rd June 2021)
By Ministry of Health, Malaysia
Update: Addendum added in 10th Aug 2021 - https://www.slideshare.net/ICRInstituteForClini/updated-guidelines-on-covid19-vaccination-for-pregnant-and-breastfeeding-mothers
Perception and Behavioural Outcome towards COVID-19 Vaccine among Students an...Kailash Nagar
ntroduction: Perception and behaviour towards corona vaccine among peoples in India was poor due to some side effects and negative media publicity in primary phases of vaccination. India has developed two types of vaccine (Covaxin and Covishield). During primary phase of corona vaccine we don’t have appropriate research and literature, about side effects and how far vaccine is reliable that why due so some minor side effect and negative media publicity peoples are very scared to take vaccine. So few peoples were started denial get vaccinated. The researcher wan to explore the positivity through the research result to reduce the negative mindset of the peoples toward corona vaccine, Because in India few peoples has fear to take vaccine against corona due to negative media publicity and scared of side effect.
Clinical Guideline on COVID-19 Vaccination for Adolescents (12 – 17 years)
Prepared by Dr Nik Khairulddin Nik Yusoff, Paediatrician at Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II
Version 10th August 2021.
Addendum to Ministry of Health, Malaysia's Guidelines Version 2, Dated 23rd June 2021 For the full list of updates, please visit https://cutt.ly/c19vak
Webinar Series on COVID-19 vaccine: Jointly organized by Malaysian Society of Infection Control and Infectious Diseases (MyICID) & Institute for Clinical Research (ICR), NIH
Speaker: Dr. Ong Tien Lee, neurologist in Sungai Buloh Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia.
By Ministry of Health, Malaysia. 3rd Edition, 5th July 2021
The main objectives are:
1) To provide pertinent information on COVID-19 vaccines.
2) To explain contraindications and precautions of each vaccine.
3) To guide the healthcare provider in making the decision to vaccinate individuals, especially those who are at risk of receiving vaccination.
4) To describe various process involves. Namely, pre-vaccination assessment, vaccination and post-vaccination.
5) To share frequently asked questions related to – vaccine safety, vaccine eligibility and medical conditions.
6) To provide information on specific clinical condition in relation to immunization.
As we are entering the third and fourth phase of the vaccination programme, new type of vaccines are used in our country. Hence, this 3rd Edition of Clinical Guidelines On COVID-19 Vaccination in Malaysia has also added pertinent information such as:
1) More recent vaccines - Oxford Astra-Zeneca, Janssen and CanSinoBio vaccine.
2) Recent issues related to vaccination such as - vaccine-induced immune thrombocytopenia, myocarditis and systemic capillary leaking syndrome.
3) Recent update on vaccination for pregnant and lactating mothers.
4) Adverse Events of Special Interest (AESI).
For updated information, please refer to MOH Malaysia's website: http://covid-19.moh.gov.my/garis-panduan/garis-panduan-kkm
The presentation will discuss; Increasing trend for fertility at midlife; Reasons; Problems; Advantages; Challenges; Chances of success naturally or with IUI or with IVF, role of PGT A; Delphi consensus Posieden criteria; Newer techniques with ovarian rejuvenation and CRISPR and ASRM recommendations and conclusions. We are seeing celebrities with millions of followers having babies at an older age. Aishwarya rai at 37 Rani mukherjee 37 Neha Dhupia 38 Kareen Kapoor 36 Farah Khan triplets at 40 yrs of age. An excellent publication from 2013 titled: Age shock: mis perceptions of the impact of age on fertility before and after IVF in women who conceived after age 40 K. Mac Dougall, Hum Reprod. 2013 Feb has put forth reasons for a mistaken belief in robust fertility
Immunisation and Immunodeficiency, as part of the Immunology MRCP 1 course. These are slideshows only. The demonstration with video presentation and explanation that goes along with these slides, as well as free example exam questions and the paid full e-lecture can be viewed at https://www.123doc.com/electures/immunology/
Webinar Series on COVID-19 vaccine: Jointly organized by Malaysian Society of Infection Control and Infectious Diseases (MyICID) & Institute for Clinical Research (ICR), NIH
Speaker: Dr. Tang Min Moon, consultant dermatologist in Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia.
Since no study has claimed the relationship between the corona vaccine and menstrual cycle, there is no certain cause for the same. However, some experts suggest the following possible causes.
Webinar: Demystifying COVID-19 Vaccine Booster
| Demystifying vaccine booster - when and why?
| Speaker: Dr. Kalaiarasu M Peariasamy.
| More information, please visit: https://clinupcovid.mailerpage.com/resources/r1r5o3-demystifying-covid-19-vaccine-boo
COVID-19 affects different people in different ways. Information about the virus and COVID-19 continues to accrue, and interim guidance by multiple organizations is constantly being updated and expanded.
VACCINE IN WOMEN TOWARDS SDG 2030 DR.N N CHAVAN 10012024 AICOG HYDERABAD.pptxNiranjan Chavan
In our presentation today, we will unravel the transformative power of vaccines in women, aligning with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for 2030. By exploring the pivotal role of vaccinations, we aim to elucidate how they contribute to women's health, empowerment, and overall well-being. Through this lens, we envision a future where widespread vaccine access propels us closer to achieving the SDGs and ensures a healthier, more equitable world for women globally.
Clinical Guideline on COVID-19 Vaccination for Adolescents (12 – 17 years)
Prepared by Dr Nik Khairulddin Nik Yusoff, Paediatrician at Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II
Version 10th August 2021.
Addendum to Ministry of Health, Malaysia's Guidelines Version 2, Dated 23rd June 2021 For the full list of updates, please visit https://cutt.ly/c19vak
Webinar Series on COVID-19 vaccine: Jointly organized by Malaysian Society of Infection Control and Infectious Diseases (MyICID) & Institute for Clinical Research (ICR), NIH
Speaker: Dr. Ong Tien Lee, neurologist in Sungai Buloh Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia.
By Ministry of Health, Malaysia. 3rd Edition, 5th July 2021
The main objectives are:
1) To provide pertinent information on COVID-19 vaccines.
2) To explain contraindications and precautions of each vaccine.
3) To guide the healthcare provider in making the decision to vaccinate individuals, especially those who are at risk of receiving vaccination.
4) To describe various process involves. Namely, pre-vaccination assessment, vaccination and post-vaccination.
5) To share frequently asked questions related to – vaccine safety, vaccine eligibility and medical conditions.
6) To provide information on specific clinical condition in relation to immunization.
As we are entering the third and fourth phase of the vaccination programme, new type of vaccines are used in our country. Hence, this 3rd Edition of Clinical Guidelines On COVID-19 Vaccination in Malaysia has also added pertinent information such as:
1) More recent vaccines - Oxford Astra-Zeneca, Janssen and CanSinoBio vaccine.
2) Recent issues related to vaccination such as - vaccine-induced immune thrombocytopenia, myocarditis and systemic capillary leaking syndrome.
3) Recent update on vaccination for pregnant and lactating mothers.
4) Adverse Events of Special Interest (AESI).
For updated information, please refer to MOH Malaysia's website: http://covid-19.moh.gov.my/garis-panduan/garis-panduan-kkm
The presentation will discuss; Increasing trend for fertility at midlife; Reasons; Problems; Advantages; Challenges; Chances of success naturally or with IUI or with IVF, role of PGT A; Delphi consensus Posieden criteria; Newer techniques with ovarian rejuvenation and CRISPR and ASRM recommendations and conclusions. We are seeing celebrities with millions of followers having babies at an older age. Aishwarya rai at 37 Rani mukherjee 37 Neha Dhupia 38 Kareen Kapoor 36 Farah Khan triplets at 40 yrs of age. An excellent publication from 2013 titled: Age shock: mis perceptions of the impact of age on fertility before and after IVF in women who conceived after age 40 K. Mac Dougall, Hum Reprod. 2013 Feb has put forth reasons for a mistaken belief in robust fertility
Immunisation and Immunodeficiency, as part of the Immunology MRCP 1 course. These are slideshows only. The demonstration with video presentation and explanation that goes along with these slides, as well as free example exam questions and the paid full e-lecture can be viewed at https://www.123doc.com/electures/immunology/
Webinar Series on COVID-19 vaccine: Jointly organized by Malaysian Society of Infection Control and Infectious Diseases (MyICID) & Institute for Clinical Research (ICR), NIH
Speaker: Dr. Tang Min Moon, consultant dermatologist in Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia.
Since no study has claimed the relationship between the corona vaccine and menstrual cycle, there is no certain cause for the same. However, some experts suggest the following possible causes.
Webinar: Demystifying COVID-19 Vaccine Booster
| Demystifying vaccine booster - when and why?
| Speaker: Dr. Kalaiarasu M Peariasamy.
| More information, please visit: https://clinupcovid.mailerpage.com/resources/r1r5o3-demystifying-covid-19-vaccine-boo
COVID-19 affects different people in different ways. Information about the virus and COVID-19 continues to accrue, and interim guidance by multiple organizations is constantly being updated and expanded.
VACCINE IN WOMEN TOWARDS SDG 2030 DR.N N CHAVAN 10012024 AICOG HYDERABAD.pptxNiranjan Chavan
In our presentation today, we will unravel the transformative power of vaccines in women, aligning with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for 2030. By exploring the pivotal role of vaccinations, we aim to elucidate how they contribute to women's health, empowerment, and overall well-being. Through this lens, we envision a future where widespread vaccine access propels us closer to achieving the SDGs and ensures a healthier, more equitable world for women globally.
Millions of people in the United States have received COVID-19 vaccines under the most intense safety monitoring in US history. VITAS Healthcare offer an educational presentation for our partner organizations to use for their own in-house or staff training.
Clinical Research Centre (CRC) Perak (Hospital Ipoh, Hospital Taiping, Hospital Seri Manjung) has just released their new Network Bulletin. This edition focused on COVID-19 Vaccine Trial and COVID-19 Research Priorities.
Efforts made in many countries to stop the COVID-19 pandemic include vaccinations. However,
public skepticism about vaccines is a pressing issue for health authorities. With the COVID-19 vaccine
available,
The Role of Maternal Immunization in Reducing Infections in InfantsHelen Madamba
A lecture provided for the Immunization for Filipino Women committee of the Philippine Obstetrical and Gynecological Society, Inc (POGS) and the Philippine Infectious Disease Society for Obstetrics and Gynecology (PIDSOG) to encourage vaccination for pregnant women in the Philippines
Prospects for GBS prevention - current candidates & removing barriers to licensure of a GBS vaccine for pregnant women globally
https://www.meningitis.org/mrf-conference-2017
Sustained research successes during the first two decades of the AIDS epidemic, an unprecedented expansion of HIV prevention and treatment programs during the last decade, and recent global attention and leadership have set the stage for the virtual elimination of new HIV infections in infants in the next decade.
Incidence of Neonatal Septicemia in Babies Admitted in Pediatric Ward of KIU...PUBLISHERJOURNAL
This research was done to determine factors that influence the occurrence of neonatal septicemia among babies admitted in Kampala international university teaching hospital. This study was guided by the following objectives: to assess the maternal related factors associated with occurrence of neonatal septicemia among babies admitted in Pediatric ward of Kampala international university teaching hospital; to determine neonatal related factors associated with occurrence of neonatal septicemia among babies admitted in Pediatric ward of Kampala international university teaching hospital and to determine the social-economic factors associated with occurrence of neonatal septicemia among babies admitted in Pediatric ward of Kampala international university teaching hospital. A cross sectional study design was used in this study; A sample of 134 respondents were studied which included neonates/caretakers and health workers; data was collected with the use of observation, interview guide and questionnaires; data analysis and interpretation were done using Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) to generate descriptive statistics and Chi-square p-values that were used to draw conclusion of the study. The results from this research showed that; - the maternal factors that influenced the occurrence of neonatal septicemia among babies admitted in pediatric ward of Kampala international university teaching hospital were inadequate Antenatal Care (ANC) attendance, prolonged rupture of membrane, bathing neonates with herbal medicines and place of delivery whereby a significant number of mothers delivered from home. On the neonatal factors the researcher found out that birth weight had a significant influence on the occurrence of neonatal septicemia among babies admitted in pediatric ward of Kampala international university teaching hospital. Finally, the study identified the socio-economic factors responsible for the occurrence of neonatal septicemia among babies admitted in pediatric ward of Kampala international university teaching hospital as washing hands before handling the neonates, low level of monthly household income and low level of education among caretakers. Based on the findings of this study, the researcher recommends that the Government through the DHOs offices should embark on health education by educating the pregnant women on the dangers of giving birth from their homes and also being helped by unqualified midwives. Also, the government through district sensitization programs should encourage pregnant women to seek antenatal care at the health facilities where they can be health educated, comprehensively screened and treated of infections to prevent spread of infections to newborns.
Keywords: Pediatric, Septicemia, Pregnant Women, Health Education, Antenatal care.
________________________________________
Die britische Regierung räumt ein, dass Impfstoffe das natürliche Immunsystem von Doppelgeimpften geschädigt haben. Die britische Regierung hat zugegeben, dass Sie nach einer Doppelimpfung nie wieder eine vollständige natürliche Immunität gegen Covid-Varianten – oder möglicherweise gegen andere Viren – erlangen können. Sehen wir also zu, wie die „echte“ Pandemie jetzt beginnt! In seinem „COVID-19 Vaccine Surveillance Report“ (Woche 42) räumt das britische Gesundheitsministerium auf Seite 23 ein, dass „die N-Antikörperspiegel bei Menschen, die sich nach zwei Impfdosen infizieren, niedriger zu sein scheinen“. Es heißt weiter, dass dieser Rückgang der Antikörper im Wesentlichen dauerhaft ist. Was bedeutet das? Wir wissen, dass Impfstoffe eine Infektion oder Übertragung des Virus nicht verhindern (tatsächlich zeigt der Bericht an anderer Stelle, dass geimpfte Erwachsene jetzt viel wahrscheinlicher infiziert werden als ungeimpfte). Die Briten stellen nun fest, dass der Impfstoff die Fähigkeit des Körpers beeinträchtigt, nach einer Infektion Antikörper zu bilden, nicht nur gegen das Spike-Protein, sondern auch gegen andere Teile des Virus. Insbesondere scheinen geimpfte Personen keine Antikörper gegen das Nukleokapsid-Protein, die Hülle des Virus, zu bilden, das ein entscheidender Teil der Reaktion bei ungeimpften Personen ist. Langfristig sind die Geimpften deutlich anfälliger für eventuelle Mutationen im Spike-Protein, auch wenn sie bereits einmal oder mehrmals infiziert und geheilt wurden. Die Ungeimpften hingegen werden eine dauerhafte, wenn nicht sogar dauerhafte Immunität gegen alle Stämme des angeblichen Virus erlangen, nachdem sie auch nur einmal auf natürliche Weise damit infiziert wurden. Quelle: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1027511/Vaccine-surveillance-report-week-42.pdf Die
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Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
2. Professor and Unit Chief, L.T.M.M.C & L.T.M.G.H, Sion Hospital
Joint Treasurer, FOGSI (2021-2024)
Vice President, MOGS (2021-2022)
Member Oncology Committee, SAFOG (2020-2022) (2021-2023)
Dean AGOG & Chief Content Director, HIGHGRAD & FEMAS Courses
Editor-in-Chief, FEMAS & JGOG Journal
54 publications in International and National Journals with 58 citations
National Coordinator, FOGSI Medical Disorders in Pregnancy Committee
(2019-2021)
Chair & Convener, FOGSI Cell Violence Against Doctors (2015-16)
Member, Oncology Committee AOFOG (2013-2015)
Coordinator of 11 batches of MUHS recognized Certificate Course of B.I.M.I.E at
L.T.M.G.H (2010-16)
Member, Managing Committee IAGE (2013-17), (2018-20)
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DR. NIRANJAN CHAVAN
MD, FCPS, DGO, MICOG, DICOG, FICOG, DFP,
DIPLOMA IN ENDOSCOPY (USA)
3.
4. INTRODUCTION
• COVID-19 was declared as a global public health emergency by
the World Health Organization on 30 January 2020.
• Incidentally, the first case of COVID-19 was diagnosed and
declared in India on the same day.
• Later, on 11 March 2020, WHO declared it as a pandemic.
• In India, the pandemic, especially in its second wave, has put
enormous burden on the health infrastructure.
5. • In India, from 3rd January 2020 to 1st October 2021,
there have been 33,766,707 (3Cr 37 Lacs) confirmed
cases of COVID-19 with 448,339 deaths, reported to
WHO.
• As of 27 September 2021, a total
of 870,708,636 vaccine doses (87 Crores 7
Lacs)) have been administered.
Source: World Health Organization Dashboard
6.
7. • There is no precise data for COVID-19 infections in pregnancy and puerperium at a global
or national level.
• FOGSI has initiated the National Registry on COVID -19 Infection in Pregnancy for this
purpose.
• Pregnant women are not at increased risk of getting infected as compared to the general
population.
• Compared to non-pregnant women and pregnant women who are not infected with COVID-
19, pregnant women who are infected with COVID are more likely to need hospitalization.
• COVID vaccine is thought to be the definitive tool to slow down or halt the pandemic
8. THE RATIONALES OF VACCINE IN
COVID-19
• To reduce the risk of infection as it is a public health problem
• To reduce the risk of severe acute morbidity and mortality from the
infection
• To prevent long term effects of infection
• To prevent transmission to other individuals
9. CONSIDERATIONS
•Level of activity of the virus in the local community
• Potential efficacy of the vaccine
• Lack of safety data specific to its use in pregnancy
• Risk and potential severity of maternal disease, including
the possible effects of the disease on the fetus (preterm
birth) and newborn
• Timing of vaccination during pregnancy
10.
11.
12.
13. VACCINES AVAILABLE IN INDIA
1. COVISHIELD – produced by Serum Institute of
India (SII) in collaboration with Astra-Zeneca
2. COVAXIN – produced by Bharat Biotech Ltd.
This is an indigenous vaccine and is an inactivated
(killed) whole virus vaccine.
3. ZYCOV-D- produced by Zydus Cadila Healthcare.
It is a DNA plasmid based COVID-19 vaccine.
4. SPUTNIK-V- produced by Gamaleya Research
Institute. It is an adenovirus vector based vaccine.
The vaccines are approved for emergency use for
individuals over 18 years of age by the Central Drugs
Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) of India.
14. FIGO STATEMENT ON COVID 19
VACCINATION AND BREASTFEEDING
2nd March 2021
18. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, volume 225, Issue 3, September 1, 2021.
• A study 131 women (84 pregnant, 31 lactating and 16 non pregnant) were enrolled in a
prospective study at two tertiary care centers between Dec 2020 to February 2021.
• Vaccine induced antibody titres were recorded, baseline and after second dose of vaccine.
• They concluded that coronavirus disease 2019 messenger RNA vaccines generated robust
humoral immunity in pregnant and lactating women, with immunogenicity and reactogenicity
similar to that observed in nonpregnant women. Vaccine-induced immune responses were
statistically significantly greater than the response to natural infection. Immune transfer to
neonates occurred via placenta and breastmilk.
19. Vaccines, Volume 9, Issue 6, 17th June 2021
• The study included 32 breastfeeding women with the aim to evaluate the immune response
to COVID-19 vaccinations in breastfeeding women.
• The immune response to the vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 is strongest 7 ± 3 days after
the second dose.
• The levels of IgA and IgG antibodies specific to the SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen in breast
milk and serum samples from mothers after a COVID-19 vaccine were positively correlated.
20. In the United Nations, from December 14, 2020, to February 28, 2021, data from the “v-safe after vaccination health
checker” surveillance system was used to characterize the initial safety of mRNA Covid-19 vaccines in pregnant
women.
Among 3958 participants enrolled in the study, 827 had a completed pregnancy, of which 115 (13.9%) resulted in a
pregnancy loss and 712 (86.1%) resulted in a live birth (mostly among participants with vaccination in the third
trimester).Adverse neonatal outcomes included preterm birth (in 9.4%) and small size for gestational age (in 3.2%);
no neonatal deaths were reported. Although not directly comparable, calculated proportions of adverse pregnancy and
neonatal outcomes in persons vaccinated against Covid-19 who had a completed pregnancy were similar to
incidences reported in studies involving pregnant women that were conducted before the Covid-19 pandemic.
Preliminary findings did not show obvious safety signals among pregnant persons who received mRNA Covid-19
vaccines.
22. BESIDES THESE DIRECT MEDICAL
BENEFITS
• Immunization will ease the enormous burden that healthcare infrastructure is facing
• It will allow healthcare to be utilized for non COVID-19 medical issues as routine.
• There are also other non-medical benefits of vaccination including the safe
resumption of economic activity, social events and life in general as we knew it
before COVID-19 arrived.
• Studies have shown that various vaccines have a 70 to 90% protection rate.
• There is nothing to separate the various vaccines in terms of efficacy at present.
Individuals should take the COVID vaccine that is available to them at the earliest
opportunity
23. REFERENCES
• https://www.mohfw.gov.in/pdf/OperationalGuidanceforCOVID19vaccinationofPregnantWoman.pdf
• Wei SQ, Bilodeau-Bertrand M, Liu S, Auger N. The impact of COVID-19 on pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
CMAJ. 2021 Apr 19;193(16):E540-E548. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.202604. Epub 2021 Mar 19. PMID: 33741725; PMCID: PMC8084555
• Outcomes of Neonates Born to Mothers with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) – National Neonatology Forum (NNF) India COVID-19
Registry; early online version, Indian pediatrics
• https://www.heart.org/en/coronavirus/coronavirus-questions/questions-about-covid-19- vaccination
• SAGE guidance for the development of evidence-based vaccination-related recommendations. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2017
(https://www.who.int/immunization/sage/Guidelines_development_recommendations.pdf, accessed 19 April 2021).
• Interim Clinical Considerations for Use of COVID -19 Vaccines Currently Authorized in the United States; Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention; https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/Covid -19/info-by-product/clinical-considerations.html#pregnant; accessed on 16 May 2021.
• Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (RCOG). COVID -19 vaccines, pregnancy and breastfeeding. [Online] 16 April 2021.
https://www.rcog.org.uk/en/guidelines-research- services/coronavirus-Covid -19-pregnancy-and-womens-health/Covid -19-vaccines-and-
pregnancy/Covid -19-vaccines-pregnancy-and-breastfeeding/; Accessed: 16 May April 2021
• Gray KJ, Bordt EA, Atyeo C, et al. Coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine response in pregnant and lactating women: a cohort study. Am J Obstet
Gynecol. Published online March 25, 2021. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2021.03.023
• Goldshtein I, Nevo D, Steinberg DM, et al. Association Between BNT162b2 Vaccination and Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Pregnant
Women. JAMA. Published online July 12, 2021. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.11035
• Perl SH, Uzan-Yulzari A, Klainer H, et al. SARS-CoV-2–Specific Antibodies in Breast Milk After COVID-19 Vaccination of Breastfeeding
Women. 2021;325(19):2013–2014. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.5782
• Shimabukuro TT, Kim SY, Myers TR, et al. Preliminary Findings of mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine Safety in Pregnant Persons. N Engl J Med 2021;
384:2273-2282. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2104983
• Jakuszko, K., Kościelska-Kasprzak, K., Żabińska, M., Bartoszek, D., Poznański, P., Rukasz, D., Kłak, R., Królak-Olejnik, B., & Krajewska, M.
(2021). Immune Response to Vaccination against COVID-19 in Breastfeeding Health Workers. Vaccines, 9(6), 663.
https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9060663
• s: Gray KJ, Bordt EA, Atyeo C, Deriso E, Akinwunmi B, Young N, Medina Baez
A, Shook LL, Cvrk D, James K, De Guzman R, Brigida S, Diouf K, Goldfarb I, Bebell LM, Yonker LM,
Fasano A, Rabi SA, Elovitz MA, Alter G, Edlow AG, COVID-19 vaccine response in pregnant and
lactating women: a cohort study, American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology (2021), doi: https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2021.03.023.