Course mapping creates a visual representation of a course that ensures alignment between learning objectives, assessments, and learning activities. It encourages backward design, where instructors first identify the desired learning outcomes and then design assessments and lessons to achieve those outcomes. The key steps in course mapping are to establish course and module objectives, create assessments to measure if objectives are met, and design learning activities to actively engage students in meeting the objectives. Course mapping is an ongoing process that helps instructors develop a cohesive course structure aligned with intended learning goals.