The document proposes an IoT-based waste management system using smart dustbins to address garbage overflow, which creates unhygienic conditions and health risks. It describes the use of sensors to monitor garbage levels and weight, enabling automated notifications for collection while maintaining cleanliness through odor control measures. The project aims to enhance urban cleanliness and support India's Swachh Bharat Abhiyan initiative by making waste management more efficient and reducing human intervention.

1. IoT Based Smart-Bin

2. ABSTRACT
Today main issue for pollution is Garbage Overflow. It
creates unhygienic condition for the people and creates bad smell
around the surroundings this leads in spreading some deadly
diseases & human illness. To avoid all such situations we are going
to implement a project called IoT Based waste management using
smart dustbin. Implementation is done with the help of IoT
concept. The Internet of Things (IoT) is a concept in which
surrounding objects are connected through wired and wireless
networks without user intervention. Objects communicate and
exchange information. In this system multiple dustbins are located
throughout the city or the Campus, these dustbins are provided
with a sensor which helps in tracking the level and weight of the
garbage bins and a unique ID will be provided for every dustbin in
the city so that it is easy to identify which garbage bin is full. When
the level and weight of the bin reaches the threshold limit, the
device will transmit the reading along with the unique ID provided.

3. OBJECTIVE
In this project is to design and build a prototype for an
automatic open dustbin that can automatically open the lid when it
detects the people who want to throw out their trash. It also can
detect the level of the trash that inside the dustbin. If the dustbin is
full of trash at the certain level, the lid will not open even when
there are people who want to throw out their trash. dustbins are
provided with a sensor which helps in tracking the level and weight
of the garbage bins and a unique ID will be provided for every
dustbin in the city so that it is easy to identify which garbage bin is
full. In order to avoid the decaying smell around the bin harm-less
chemical sprinkler is used which will sprinkle the chemical as soon
as the smell sensors detect the decaying smell. Waste Management
is all the activities and actions required to manage waste from
inception to its final disposal. So this can be done by implementing
IoT based waste management using smart dustbin.

4. INTRODUCTION
IoT or Internet Things refers to the network of connected physical objects that
can communicate and exchange data among themselves without the desideratum
of any human intervention. It has been formally defined as an “Infrastructure of
Information Society” because IoT sanctions us to amass information from all kind
of mediums such as humans, animals, conveyances, kitchen appliances. Thus, any
object in the physical world which can be provided with an IP address to enable
data transmission over a network can be made part of IoT system by embedding
them with electronic hardware such as sensors, software and networking gear. IoT
is different than Internet as in a way it transcends Internet connectivity by
enabling everyday objects that utilizes embedded circuits to interact and
communicate with each other utilizing the current Internet infrastructure Since
then the scope of IoT has grown tremendously as currently it consists of more than
12 billion connected devices and according to the experts it will increase to 50
billion by the end of 2020. With the advent of IoT both manufacturers and
consumers have benefited. Manufacturers have gained insight into how their
products are used and how they perform out in the real world and increase their
revenues by providing value added services which enhances and elongates the
lifecycle of their products or services.

5. Existing System
• With increase in population, the scenario of cleanliness with
respect to garbage management is degrading tremendously. The
overflow of garbage in public areas creates the unhygienic condition
in the nearby surrounding. It may provoke several serious diseases
amongst the nearby people. It also degrades the valuation of the
area. To avoid this and to enhance the cleaning, ‘smart garbage
management system’ is proposed in this paper. In the proposed
system, the level of garbage in the dustbins is detected with the
help of Sensor systems, and communicated to the authorized
control room through GSM system. Microcontroller is used to
interface the sensor system with GSM system. A GUI is also
developed to monitor the desired information related to the
garbage for different selected locations. This will help to manage
the garbage collection efficiently

6. Proposed System
• The existing system has the limitations as time consuming, trucks go and
empty the containers, even they are empty. The cost is high with
unhygienic environment. Even the bad odour causes the unhealthy
environment. So, proposed model talks about how to make use of the
recent advancements in technology to make our place clean and tidy. The
implementation starts by setup ESP8266 by flashing the latest version of
the firmware. This enables the Firebase libraries efficiently communicate
and avoid producing error.. To flash the latest firmware, download the
ESP8266 flasher tool and the latest firmware from the internet which
would be in the bin format and flash the ESP8266 with it. Once the
ESP8266 flashing done, other components can be added to the
configuration. we need a breadboard to connect the microcontroller, ultra
sonic sensor, buzzer and the ESP8266 using the jumper wires. The
breadboard is used to interface between the various components
available. It also makes it easy to connect multiple inputs to a single pin on
the Arduino board.

7. Block Diagram-Proposed

9. Flow of Work

10. Scope of Work
• The main aim of this project is to reduce human resources and efforts
along with the enhancement of a smart city vision. We have often seen garbage
spilling over from dustbins on to streets and this was an issue that required
immediate attention. The proverb “Cleanliness is next to god and clean city is next
to heaven” inspired us to conceptualized the project. Smart dustbin helps us to
reduce the pollution. Many times garbage dustbin is overflow and many animals
like dog or rat enters inside or near the dustbin. This creates a bad scene. Also
some birds are also trying to take out garbage from dustbin. This project can avoid
such situations.
• And the message can be sent directly to the cleaning vehicle instead
of the contractor’s office. Swatch Bharat Abhiyan (English: Clean India Mission and
abbreviated as SBA or SBM for "Swatch Bharat Mission") is a national campaign by
the Government of India, covering 4,041 statutory cities and towns, to clean the
streets, roads and infrastructure of the country. In our system, the Smart dustbins
are connected to the internet to get the real time information of the smart
dustbins. In the recent years, there was a rapid growth in population which leads
to more waste disposal. So a proper waste management system is necessary to
avoid spreading some deadly diseases.

11. IOT
• The Internet of Things (IoT) is the network
of physical objects or "things" embedded
with electronics, software, sensors, and
network connectivity, which enables these
objects to collect and exchange data.
• IoT allows objects to be sensed and
controlled remotely across existing
network infrastructure, creating
opportunities for more direct integration
between the physical world and computer-
based systems, and resulting in improved
efficiency, accuracy and economic benefit.

12. Arduino
Arduino Uno Any automatic system requires an
intelligent chip such as microcontroller that controls
the system components. Microcontroller is a small
computer on a single integrated circuit containing a
processor core, memory, and programmable
input/output peripherals. The microcontroller unit
used in this project is Arduino uno which is a platform
for prototyping interactive objects using electronics. It
consists of both hardware and software.Arduino is
based on the Atmel AVR CPUs and being deployed in a
wide variety of projects, ranging from sensors networks
to robotic submarines. It has 14 digital input/output
pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6
analog inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator, a USB
connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset
button. It contains everything needed to support the
microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer with a
USB cable or power it with a AC-to-DC adapter or
battery to get start.

13. Ultrasonic Sensor
Ultrasonic sensors are great tools to
measure distance without actual
contact and used at several places
like water level measurement,
distance measurement etc. This is an
efficient way to measure small
distances precisely. In this project we
have used an Ultrasonic Sensor to
determine the distance of an obstacle
from the sensor. Basic principal of
ultrasonic distance measurement is
based on ECHO. When sound waves
are transmitted in environment then
waves are return back to origin as
ECHO after striking on the obstacle.

14. MAX232
• The MAX232 is an integrated circuit first created in
1987 by Maxim Integrated Products that converts
signals from a TIA-232 (RS-232) serial port to signals
suitable for use in TTL-compatible digital logic circuits.
The MAX232 is a dual transmitter / dual receiver that
typically is used to convert the RX, TX, CTS, RTS signals.
• The drivers provide TIA-232 voltage level outputs
(about ±7.5 volts) from a single 5-volt supply by on-
chip charge pumps and external capacitors. This makes
it useful for implementing TIA-232 in devices that
otherwise do not need any other voltages.

15. ADVANTAGES
• Easy way to control the cities from anywhere.
• Economically Low cost.
• Easy-Friendly Circuits.

16. Application
• With this implementation we can control the
smart cities quadrants like streetlight,
Environmental tracking, accidental tracking
etc.
• We can use ultra model implementation to
find the peoples who contaminating a society.