This document give you a brief idea about the Copper Mineralogy and its occurrence's.

1. Copper:
Ore:
Cuprite (Ruby Copper)- Cu2O, Malachite and Azurite- Cu₂CO₃(OH)₂, Chalcocite-Cu2S, Chalcopyrite-CuFeS2, Bornite-
Cu5FeS4
Grade of Copper: (Source IMB Year Book 2019)
In 2018–19, the average metal percentage of the ore processed in the entirety of India was 0.89% copper, down
from 0.91% copper in 2017–18. States have copper in varying grades; for example, Jharkhand had 0.79% copper,
Madhya Pradesh had 0.86% copper, and Rajasthan had 0.96% copper.
India Copper Recourse: (Source IMB Year Book 2019)
The total reserves/resources of copper ore based on UNFC system are estimated at 1.51 billion tonnes. From that
207.77 MT fall under Reserve Category, while the remaining 1.30 billion tonnes are placed under remaining
resources category.
Largest reserves/resources of copper ore to the tune of 813 million tonnes (53.81%) are in the State of Rajasthan
followed by Jharkhand with 295 million tonnes (19.54%) and Madhya Pradesh with 283 million tonnes (18.75%).
World Copper Producer:(Source IBM Year Book 2019 and Statista 2023, https://www.statista.com/statistics/264626/copper-
production-by-country/)
Figure 1: Major producers of copper globally in 2022

2.  In India, 4.13 million tonnes of copper ore were produced in 2018–19, a 12% rise over the year before. The
top producer was Madhya Pradesh. About 53% of the production of copper concentrates in 2018–19 was
accounted for by the state, with Jharkhand and Rajasthan following closely behind with 42% and 4%,
respectively.
 The ore generated from their captive mines is used to make copper metal by Hindustan Copper Ltd.
Producing copper metal from imported copper concentrates is a business of Vedanta Limited and Hindalco
Industries Ltd.
 The Indian Copper Complex (ICC) at Ghatsila in Jharkhand, The Khetri Copper Complex (KCC) at Khetrinagar
in Rajasthan, Malanjkhand Copper Project (MCP) at Malanjkhand in Madhya Pradesh, Taloja Copper Project
(TCP) at Taloja in Maharashtra, and Gujarat Copper Project (GCP) at Jhagadia in Gujarat are significant
copper mines and facilities owned by HCL in India.
 HCL operates four underground mines and one opencast mine, with a combined ore production capacity of
about 3.5 million tonnes per year.
 The Malanjkhand Copper Project, with a production capacity of 2.0 million tonnes annually, is the largest
copper ore producing mine. Production capacity for the Khetri Copper Complex and Indian Copper Complex
are 1.1 and 0.4 million tonnes annually, respectively.
Uses of Copper:
Current Uses:
 Electrical and Electronic Sectors
 Construction Sector
 Consumer Durables Transport Sector
Future Outlook:
 Infrastructure Development and Railways
 Power Sector, especially Rural Electrification and
 Information Technology Sector