Contributions of different mathematicians in the field of mathematics including Alan Turing (Father of Computer Science and Artificial intelligence): English Mathematician , Srinivasa Ramanujan (We celebrate National Mathematics Day on his birthday): Indian Mathematician, Dr. Neena Gupta (Youngest Scientist To Solve A 70 Year Old Mathematics Problem): Indian Mathematician, Aryabhata (Father of Mathematics in India): Indian Mathematician.
2. Alan Turing
23 June 1912 - 7 June 1954
(aged 41)
English Mathematician,
computer scientist, logician,
cryptanalyst, philosopher and
theoretical biologist.
He independently proved the central limit theorem, an important result in
probability theory.
Turing's main contribution to mathematics was his work on computation
theory. Presaging the invention of the modern computer, Turing designed
an abstract computing device known as the Turing machine (or a-
machine) in 1936— an entirely virtual construct which could perform
calculations and follow instructions.
During the second world war, Alan Turing worked for the Government Code
and Cypher School (GC&CS) at Bletchley Park, Britain's codebreaking centre
that produced Ultra intelligence. For a time he led Hut 8, the section that was
responsible for German naval cryptanalysis. Here, he devised a number of
techniques for speeding the breaking of German ciphers.
He generated a machine that he called "bombe" which was nicknamed
"Victory" to decipher an electromechanical machine that could find
settings for the Enigma machine.
FATHER OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
3. Srinivasa Ramanujan
22 Dec 1887 – 26 April 1920
Most famous for his
contributions to number
theory and infinite series.
Ramaujan was a self-taught pure mathematician.
He made substantial contributions to the analytical theory of numbers and
worked on elliptic functions, continued fractions and infinite series.
He could afford only a small amount of paper, so he did most of his work on
slate with chalk.
He sent 9 pages of his work to an eminent pure mathematician at the
University of Cambridge to G.H. Hardy and he knew that these had been
written by either a crank or a genius. After going through his work for 2.5
hours, he was sure that it's a work of a genius.
Hardy-Ramanujan Number: When Ramanujan was sick, Hardy went in a
taxi cab numbered 1729 to see him and that number seemed rather dull to
him. Ramanujan, on the other hand, said that it's a very interesting number. It
is the smallest number expressible as the sum of two cubes in 2 different
ways:
1729 = 13 + 123 = 93 + 103
(Also called Taxi-cab number)
Every year, National Mathematics Day is celebrated on the birth
anniversary of Ramanujan. This tradition started on his 125th birth
anniversary.
4. Dr. Neena Gupta
Born in 1984
Youngest Scientist To Solve
A 70 Year Old Mathematics
Problem
Dr. Neena Gupta has become the youngest person to ever receive the
prestigious Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize (in 2019) at the age of 35 for
solving the 70 year old mathematics problem called the Zariski Cancellation
Conjecture.
She is not only the youngest person, but also the third woman to ever
receive this honour.
It includes a cash prize of Rs 5 lakh and an endowment of ₹15,000 per
month until the age of 65.
She has bagged the Indian National Science Academy award (INSA)
Young Scientist Award (2014) for her solution being one of the best so far.
She is also the recipient of the Ramanujan Prize (2014), and the
Saraswathi Cowsik Medal (2013) by Tata Institute of Fundamental
Research (TIFR) Alumni Association.
She is working as an associate professor at the Statistics and Mathematics
Unit of the Indian Statistical Institute (ISI), Kolkata. Her primary fields of
interest are commutative algebra and affine algebraic geometry.
5. Aryabhata
476 CE - 550 CE
First of the major
mathematician-astronomers
from the classic age of
Indian mathematics &
Indian astronomy.
FATHER OF MATHEMATICS IN INDIA
Aryabhata gave the world the digit "0" (zero) for which he became immortal.
Aryabhata worked on the approximation for pi (π). He gave the value of pi
as 3.1416 which is accurate upto 3 decimals. It is speculated that Aryabhata
used the word āsanna (approaching), to mean that not only is this an
approximation but that the value is incommensurable (or irrational).
In Ganitapada 6, Aryabhata gives the area of a triangle as:
tribhujasya phalaśarīraṃ samadalakoṭī bhujārdhasaṃvargaḥ
that translates to: "for a triangle, the result of a perpendicular with the half-
side is the area."
In Aryabhatiya, Aryabhata provided elegant results for the summation of
series of squares and cubes:
12
+ 22
+ … + 𝑛2
=
𝑛 𝑛 + 1 (2𝑛 + 1)
6
and
13 + 23 + … + 𝑛3= (1 + 2 + ⋯ + 𝑛)2
