Mahadeo Govind Ranade was an Indian judge, scholar, and reformer born in 1842 who is considered the father of the Indian renaissance in Western India. He studied at the University of Bombay and later became a judge on the Bombay High Court. Ranade advocated for Western-style education in India without losing Indian culture and nationalism. He recognized the important role of both the individual and the state in economic development, and believed India required state support and protection of industries to develop out of poverty given its predominantly agricultural economy. Ranade made significant contributions to developing India's economic thought and advocating for a planned economy and welfare state.