The document provides a history of the conflict in Ireland from the 16th century to present day. It describes how British colonization of Ireland led Irish Catholics to revolt against Protestant rule. This caused tensions between Irish nationalists seeking independence and Northern Irish unionists wanting to remain part of the UK. Major events like the Easter Rising and subsequent Irish War of Independence exacerbated the conflict. The document then outlines The Troubles of the 20th century and efforts towards peace like the Good Friday Agreement.