Côte d'Ivoire has a long history of coffee cultivation dating back to 1890. While early varieties were destroyed by disease in the 1940s, robusta coffee took hold starting in the 1950s. Today, Côte d'Ivoire produces around 3-5 million bags of robusta coffee per year, though production has declined in recent decades due to various economic and political factors. The National Agronomic Research Centre has developed high-yielding and disease-resistant robusta varieties as well as cultural techniques to boost yields, while a pilot project introduced the concept of identifying coffee "terroirs" to improve quality. Technology transfer relies on extension services but could be improved through farmer field schools. With the
This document describes a teacher librarian's implementation of guided inquiry instruction at a public school in Australia. It discusses how the teacher librarian attended professional development on guided inquiry and decided to trial it with students. Over two school terms, students participated in guided inquiry units focused on international aid organizations and the Australian gold rush. Students conducted research, presented their findings, and provided feedback. Analysis of student surveys found that guided inquiry helped develop students' knowledge and understanding. The inclusion of a joint blog with another school also allowed students to share their work and learn from each other. The teacher librarian found guided inquiry to be a successful instructional approach.
The document summarizes 14 job openings from November 14-21 across various industries such as software, healthcare, social media, and more. The jobs range from pre-sales to senior director levels and are located in cities like Orlando, Los Angeles, New York, and Charlotte. Candidates' resumes should be emailed to recruitment contacts provided for each job listing. The salaries range from $70k to $200k depending on the role and company.
This document summarizes International Minerals' business as a silver and gold mining company with the following key points:
1) It has a large resource base of over 12.8 million ounces of gold equivalent and produces over 10 million ounces of silver equivalent annually from its Pallancata mine in Peru.
2) It will begin production at its Inmaculada gold-silver project in Peru in late 2013, producing over 200,000 ounces of gold equivalent annually.
3) It is advancing feasibility studies for undeveloped projects in Nevada and evaluating options for its resources in Ecuador.
4) The company has no debt and over $84 million in cash as of August 2012.
The document outlines Goldfield Access International's compensation plan, which provides commissions at various levels based on leadership roles and sales requirements. Directors can earn 40-45% commissions with minimum personal business volume (PBV) requirements met. Executives can earn 25-30% commissions. Team leaders and builders can earn 5-20% commissions. Distributors earn commissions based on personal sales and building a sales network. Higher commissions and rewards require maintaining higher active personal and network business volumes.
The document proposes developing Ghana's Minerals Trail as a tourism product to educate people about mining's positive impact and integrate mining with tourism. The objective is to facilitate a strategic tourism product with stakeholder ownership around Ghana's historic mining and rail heritage. A team visited mines and railways to develop an initial concept. Guidelines are provided for a sustainable mining and rail tourism product addressing legal frameworks, demand/supply, facilities, environmental perceptions, and community benefits. Development strategies include circuits and activities, identifying nodes and infrastructure, and investment. The spatial framework proposes a rail corridor connecting sites, and infrastructure includes "soft" elements like marketing and "hard" elements like rehabilitating rail coaches and underground mine exhibits.
Notre produit financier haut de gamme est une carte VISA INTERNATIONALE prépayée rechargeable valable 2 ans et SANS COMPTE BANCAIRE.
Pour vos achats et paiements en ligne, hôtels,restaurants, paris sportifs, night-club …. votre porte monnaie électronique désormais disponible en COTE D’IVOIRE immédiatement à l’achat!
INFO LINE : +22507771431 /+22501034400
Presented by Tor-Gunnar Vågen, Geoinformatics Senior Scientist
(CIFOR/ICRAF) during Financing tree planting and proper valuation of natural assets and investments session of Digital tree planting
29 September 2020
This document describes a teacher librarian's implementation of guided inquiry instruction at a public school in Australia. It discusses how the teacher librarian attended professional development on guided inquiry and decided to trial it with students. Over two school terms, students participated in guided inquiry units focused on international aid organizations and the Australian gold rush. Students conducted research, presented their findings, and provided feedback. Analysis of student surveys found that guided inquiry helped develop students' knowledge and understanding. The inclusion of a joint blog with another school also allowed students to share their work and learn from each other. The teacher librarian found guided inquiry to be a successful instructional approach.
The document summarizes 14 job openings from November 14-21 across various industries such as software, healthcare, social media, and more. The jobs range from pre-sales to senior director levels and are located in cities like Orlando, Los Angeles, New York, and Charlotte. Candidates' resumes should be emailed to recruitment contacts provided for each job listing. The salaries range from $70k to $200k depending on the role and company.
This document summarizes International Minerals' business as a silver and gold mining company with the following key points:
1) It has a large resource base of over 12.8 million ounces of gold equivalent and produces over 10 million ounces of silver equivalent annually from its Pallancata mine in Peru.
2) It will begin production at its Inmaculada gold-silver project in Peru in late 2013, producing over 200,000 ounces of gold equivalent annually.
3) It is advancing feasibility studies for undeveloped projects in Nevada and evaluating options for its resources in Ecuador.
4) The company has no debt and over $84 million in cash as of August 2012.
The document outlines Goldfield Access International's compensation plan, which provides commissions at various levels based on leadership roles and sales requirements. Directors can earn 40-45% commissions with minimum personal business volume (PBV) requirements met. Executives can earn 25-30% commissions. Team leaders and builders can earn 5-20% commissions. Distributors earn commissions based on personal sales and building a sales network. Higher commissions and rewards require maintaining higher active personal and network business volumes.
The document proposes developing Ghana's Minerals Trail as a tourism product to educate people about mining's positive impact and integrate mining with tourism. The objective is to facilitate a strategic tourism product with stakeholder ownership around Ghana's historic mining and rail heritage. A team visited mines and railways to develop an initial concept. Guidelines are provided for a sustainable mining and rail tourism product addressing legal frameworks, demand/supply, facilities, environmental perceptions, and community benefits. Development strategies include circuits and activities, identifying nodes and infrastructure, and investment. The spatial framework proposes a rail corridor connecting sites, and infrastructure includes "soft" elements like marketing and "hard" elements like rehabilitating rail coaches and underground mine exhibits.
Notre produit financier haut de gamme est une carte VISA INTERNATIONALE prépayée rechargeable valable 2 ans et SANS COMPTE BANCAIRE.
Pour vos achats et paiements en ligne, hôtels,restaurants, paris sportifs, night-club …. votre porte monnaie électronique désormais disponible en COTE D’IVOIRE immédiatement à l’achat!
INFO LINE : +22507771431 /+22501034400
Presented by Tor-Gunnar Vågen, Geoinformatics Senior Scientist
(CIFOR/ICRAF) during Financing tree planting and proper valuation of natural assets and investments session of Digital tree planting
29 September 2020
The document discusses genetic resources of Coffea canephora:
1. C. canephora has a large natural genetic diversity originating from populations across Africa. Major genetic groups include the Guinean and Congolese pools.
2. Several countries and organizations have surveyed wild C. canephora populations, though more surveys are still needed. Maintaining genetic resources ex situ and in situ poses challenges.
3. The genetic diversity available in local areas may vary significantly depending on the genetic origins introduced historically and the degree of informal genetic mixing versus controlled breeding programs. Tracing the origins of local resources can be difficult.
This document discusses opportunities and challenges for China's coffee industry. Climate change is reducing coffee production globally but China's climate allows for increased production. China has the potential to quadruple coffee output to meet future demand. Investing in improved cultivars and consistent processing could help China attract higher coffee prices. Expanding domestic coffee consumption through increased retail outlets and delivery also benefits producing nations. China is well-positioned to play a leadership role in the global coffee market and help small farmers achieve sustainable incomes through practices like fixed pricing.
Datos estadisticos historicos respuestas a philipp meierJose Antonio Vega
Coopronaranjo R.L. was founded in 1968 with 98 small coffee growers producing around 10,000 bushels of coffee annually. Since then, production has increased significantly to over 160,000 bushels in recent years. The cooperative has diversified over time to include additional business areas like supermarkets, agricultural supplies, coffee roasting and tourism. It aims to support local coffee farmers and ensure traceability from seed to cup through its integrated systems. The cooperative faces challenges from issues like coffee rust but is working to control this through education, access to products, and on-farm trials. It evaluates coffee quality both on and off farms to produce specialty lots for high prices when possible.
Untapped potential of genetic diversity of cassava in the great lakes region ...CIAT
1) The study analyzed genetic diversity of cassava landraces in Uganda, Rwanda, and western Kenya using SSR markers and by interviewing 287 farmers.
2) Farmers maintain a wide diversity of 3-4 cassava genotypes on their fields and have differential preferences for culinary qualities between regions.
3) Farmers' variety selection is based primarily on input traits like yield, pest resistance, and early maturity rather than culinary qualities.
A Sustainable Development of Coffee Production and Marketing with Small-Holder Producers in North & South Ubangi Region of the Democratic Republic of Congo
Cocoa agroforestry: A viable practice for Cocoa landscape rehabilitation in W...World Agroforestry (ICRAF)
The document discusses cocoa agroforestry as a viable practice for rehabilitating cocoa landscapes in West and Central Africa. It outlines the importance of cocoa production to the economies of countries like Cote d'Ivoire and Ghana. However, current monocropping practices have led to environmental, economic, and social challenges including deforestation, low incomes, and pest and disease issues. The document argues that adopting cocoa agroforestry systems which integrate trees and other crops can help mitigate these challenges by improving soil fertility, farmer incomes, and landscape resilience. Key factors for successful scaling up of cocoa agroforestry include access to appropriate planting materials, strengthening extension services, developing markets for tree products, and supportive policies around
Datos estadisticos historicos respuestas a philipp meierJose Antonio Vega
Coopronaranjo R.L. was founded in 1968 with 98 small coffee growers producing around 10,000 bushels of coffee annually. Over the years, annual coffee production increased steadily to over 160,000 bushels by 2013. The cooperative has diversified over time to include additional business areas like supermarkets, agricultural supplies, coffee roasting and tourism. While the coffee business has experienced losses in some years, overall the cooperative has maintained positive consolidated budget surpluses through its diversification efforts. The cooperative aims to ensure high quality and traceability from seed to cup through its integrated wet and dry mill processing systems and ISO certifications.
This document summarizes the challenges of food security and climate change in Africa and introduces conservation agriculture as a solution. It discusses two projects - CA SARD and SCAP - that have promoted conservation agriculture to smallholder farmers in East and West Africa. It outlines the principles and techniques of conservation agriculture being taught, and summarizes the achievements and lessons learned, including increased yields and food security, reduced labor, and farmer adoption of the practices. Challenges and the need to further scale up conservation agriculture in Africa are also discussed.
The world is flat. In this era of globalization, countries are forging partnerships to remain competitive in terms of trade, revenue, inputs and security. The same is needed for sustaining agriculture also. We look at how such partnerships can be leveraged for promoting Indian agribusiness ventures to new horizons and domains through trade opportunities at Africa, EU etc.
Evaluation of some physicochemical and pasting properties of three improved c...Adindu Linus-Chibuezeh
This document summarizes a study that evaluated the physicochemical and pasting properties of three improved cassava varieties available in southeast Nigeria. Key findings include:
- Cyanide content ranged from 2.04 to 10.42 ppm, total titratable acidity ranged from 0.05 to 0.45%, and pH ranged from 6.33 to 6.99.
- Functional properties of the flours such as bulk density, water and oil absorption capacities, emulsification capacity, and foam capacity were evaluated.
- Pasting properties including peak viscosity, trough viscosity, breakdown viscosity, final viscosity, setback viscosity, peak time, and pasting temperature were measured using a Rapid Visco-Analyzer.
1) Five yeast species were isolated and identified from coffee waste collected in Ethiopia using morphological characterization and Biolog microstation analysis.
2) The identified species were Hanseiaspora valbyensis, Hyphopichia burtonii A, Rhodotorula hylophila, Rhodotrula aurantiaca A, and Pichia amenthionina var. menthionina.
3) The yeast species were further characterized based on their ability to assimilate and oxidize different carbon sources using Biolog microplate assays.
This document provides an overview of coffee research in Ethiopia. It discusses the opportunities and challenges facing Ethiopia's coffee sector, including its genetic diversity, traditional coffee culture, and known coffee varieties. However, it also notes issues like population pressure, deforestation, and low productivity. The document outlines Ethiopia's coffee research achievements, including collecting over 6,700 germplasm samples and releasing 37 new varieties. It discusses technology transfer efforts and the national coffee research strategic plan to further develop the sector in a sustainable manner through 2030.
Management of SPVD: A model for production, multiplication and delivery of cl...ILRI
Presented by Settumba Mukasa and Samuel Kyamanywa (Makerere University) at the First Bio-Innovate Regional Scientific Conference, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 25-27 February 2013
Uganda is considered the birthplace of Robusta coffee, as Robusta coffee was first found naturally occurring in forests near Lake Victoria in Uganda before 1890. Uganda has a long history of coffee research and cultivation, with emphasis initially on Arabica but shifting to Robusta in the early 1900s due to leaf rust disease affecting Arabica. Coffee research in Uganda focused on selection and breeding for yield, quality, and disease resistance over time. However, the major constraint to Robusta coffee production in Uganda since 1993 has been Coffee Wilt Disease, a fatal vascular disease spread through wounds on stems and roots.
The document discusses the transformation and renaissance of the fine cocoa sector in the Caribbean. It notes that the traditional model of small farmers selling raw cocoa beans to centralized government processing facilities is outdated. Recent innovative projects have improved productivity and efficiency by replacing individual labor with trained specialist teams using modern tools. This has increased yields from 0.3 to 1.5 tonnes per hectare and labor efficiency. The fine cocoa sector has opportunities to add greater value locally through processing and branding to attract higher prices given the premium status of Caribbean fine cocoa. There is potential to leverage the region's genebank and develop geographical indications to further differentiate products.
This document discusses biotechnology and food security in Africa. It notes that West Africa is a food insecure region, with 1 in 4 of the world's malnourished living there. Biotechnology tools like genetic engineering hold promise to increase agricultural productivity and address challenges like pests and diseases. Countries like Burkina Faso, Ghana, and Nigeria are conducting research on genetically modified crops like Bt cotton, cowpea, and cassava to increase yields and resilience. However, challenges remain around regulations, infrastructure, and developing scientific capacity. Increased efforts in animal biotechnology and accelerating biosafety legislation will also be important for realizing biotechnology's potential in Africa.
This document provides information on coffee, cocoa, and snack products from Colombian companies. It lists 8 coffee companies that produce roasted coffee, freeze dried coffee, and instant coffee. It also lists 9 cocoa companies that produce chocolate bars and other cocoa products. Finally, it lists 9 snack companies that produce plantain and cassava chips, popcorn, and other healthy snacks. For each company, it provides brief details on production capacity and certifications.
In honour of Climate Week Jeremy Haggar, Head of the Agriculture, Health and Environment Department from the Natural Resources Institute at the University of Greenwich hosted an interesting lecture on 'Climate Change: a threat to coffee small-holders and our morning cup of coffee?'
Sustainable cocoa in the Dominican Republic - ForestFinanceCIFOR-ICRAF
Presentation at the Global Landscapes Forum on 6 June 2016, in London, UK during the Dragon's Den session. For more information go to: www.landscapes.org.
A Associação dos Cafeicultores do Brasil denuncia que a Organização Internacional do Café (OIC) divulgou dados incorretos sobre a produção mundial de café para 2019, manipulando as estatísticas para manter os preços baixos e prejudicar produtores. Segundo dados do governo brasileiro, a produção do país será 9,74 milhões de sacas menor do que a estimada pela OIC. A carta pede que o governo brasileiro exija a correção dos dados divulgados pela OIC.
The document discusses genetic resources of Coffea canephora:
1. C. canephora has a large natural genetic diversity originating from populations across Africa. Major genetic groups include the Guinean and Congolese pools.
2. Several countries and organizations have surveyed wild C. canephora populations, though more surveys are still needed. Maintaining genetic resources ex situ and in situ poses challenges.
3. The genetic diversity available in local areas may vary significantly depending on the genetic origins introduced historically and the degree of informal genetic mixing versus controlled breeding programs. Tracing the origins of local resources can be difficult.
This document discusses opportunities and challenges for China's coffee industry. Climate change is reducing coffee production globally but China's climate allows for increased production. China has the potential to quadruple coffee output to meet future demand. Investing in improved cultivars and consistent processing could help China attract higher coffee prices. Expanding domestic coffee consumption through increased retail outlets and delivery also benefits producing nations. China is well-positioned to play a leadership role in the global coffee market and help small farmers achieve sustainable incomes through practices like fixed pricing.
Datos estadisticos historicos respuestas a philipp meierJose Antonio Vega
Coopronaranjo R.L. was founded in 1968 with 98 small coffee growers producing around 10,000 bushels of coffee annually. Since then, production has increased significantly to over 160,000 bushels in recent years. The cooperative has diversified over time to include additional business areas like supermarkets, agricultural supplies, coffee roasting and tourism. It aims to support local coffee farmers and ensure traceability from seed to cup through its integrated systems. The cooperative faces challenges from issues like coffee rust but is working to control this through education, access to products, and on-farm trials. It evaluates coffee quality both on and off farms to produce specialty lots for high prices when possible.
Untapped potential of genetic diversity of cassava in the great lakes region ...CIAT
1) The study analyzed genetic diversity of cassava landraces in Uganda, Rwanda, and western Kenya using SSR markers and by interviewing 287 farmers.
2) Farmers maintain a wide diversity of 3-4 cassava genotypes on their fields and have differential preferences for culinary qualities between regions.
3) Farmers' variety selection is based primarily on input traits like yield, pest resistance, and early maturity rather than culinary qualities.
A Sustainable Development of Coffee Production and Marketing with Small-Holder Producers in North & South Ubangi Region of the Democratic Republic of Congo
Cocoa agroforestry: A viable practice for Cocoa landscape rehabilitation in W...World Agroforestry (ICRAF)
The document discusses cocoa agroforestry as a viable practice for rehabilitating cocoa landscapes in West and Central Africa. It outlines the importance of cocoa production to the economies of countries like Cote d'Ivoire and Ghana. However, current monocropping practices have led to environmental, economic, and social challenges including deforestation, low incomes, and pest and disease issues. The document argues that adopting cocoa agroforestry systems which integrate trees and other crops can help mitigate these challenges by improving soil fertility, farmer incomes, and landscape resilience. Key factors for successful scaling up of cocoa agroforestry include access to appropriate planting materials, strengthening extension services, developing markets for tree products, and supportive policies around
Datos estadisticos historicos respuestas a philipp meierJose Antonio Vega
Coopronaranjo R.L. was founded in 1968 with 98 small coffee growers producing around 10,000 bushels of coffee annually. Over the years, annual coffee production increased steadily to over 160,000 bushels by 2013. The cooperative has diversified over time to include additional business areas like supermarkets, agricultural supplies, coffee roasting and tourism. While the coffee business has experienced losses in some years, overall the cooperative has maintained positive consolidated budget surpluses through its diversification efforts. The cooperative aims to ensure high quality and traceability from seed to cup through its integrated wet and dry mill processing systems and ISO certifications.
This document summarizes the challenges of food security and climate change in Africa and introduces conservation agriculture as a solution. It discusses two projects - CA SARD and SCAP - that have promoted conservation agriculture to smallholder farmers in East and West Africa. It outlines the principles and techniques of conservation agriculture being taught, and summarizes the achievements and lessons learned, including increased yields and food security, reduced labor, and farmer adoption of the practices. Challenges and the need to further scale up conservation agriculture in Africa are also discussed.
The world is flat. In this era of globalization, countries are forging partnerships to remain competitive in terms of trade, revenue, inputs and security. The same is needed for sustaining agriculture also. We look at how such partnerships can be leveraged for promoting Indian agribusiness ventures to new horizons and domains through trade opportunities at Africa, EU etc.
Evaluation of some physicochemical and pasting properties of three improved c...Adindu Linus-Chibuezeh
This document summarizes a study that evaluated the physicochemical and pasting properties of three improved cassava varieties available in southeast Nigeria. Key findings include:
- Cyanide content ranged from 2.04 to 10.42 ppm, total titratable acidity ranged from 0.05 to 0.45%, and pH ranged from 6.33 to 6.99.
- Functional properties of the flours such as bulk density, water and oil absorption capacities, emulsification capacity, and foam capacity were evaluated.
- Pasting properties including peak viscosity, trough viscosity, breakdown viscosity, final viscosity, setback viscosity, peak time, and pasting temperature were measured using a Rapid Visco-Analyzer.
1) Five yeast species were isolated and identified from coffee waste collected in Ethiopia using morphological characterization and Biolog microstation analysis.
2) The identified species were Hanseiaspora valbyensis, Hyphopichia burtonii A, Rhodotorula hylophila, Rhodotrula aurantiaca A, and Pichia amenthionina var. menthionina.
3) The yeast species were further characterized based on their ability to assimilate and oxidize different carbon sources using Biolog microplate assays.
This document provides an overview of coffee research in Ethiopia. It discusses the opportunities and challenges facing Ethiopia's coffee sector, including its genetic diversity, traditional coffee culture, and known coffee varieties. However, it also notes issues like population pressure, deforestation, and low productivity. The document outlines Ethiopia's coffee research achievements, including collecting over 6,700 germplasm samples and releasing 37 new varieties. It discusses technology transfer efforts and the national coffee research strategic plan to further develop the sector in a sustainable manner through 2030.
Management of SPVD: A model for production, multiplication and delivery of cl...ILRI
Presented by Settumba Mukasa and Samuel Kyamanywa (Makerere University) at the First Bio-Innovate Regional Scientific Conference, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 25-27 February 2013
Uganda is considered the birthplace of Robusta coffee, as Robusta coffee was first found naturally occurring in forests near Lake Victoria in Uganda before 1890. Uganda has a long history of coffee research and cultivation, with emphasis initially on Arabica but shifting to Robusta in the early 1900s due to leaf rust disease affecting Arabica. Coffee research in Uganda focused on selection and breeding for yield, quality, and disease resistance over time. However, the major constraint to Robusta coffee production in Uganda since 1993 has been Coffee Wilt Disease, a fatal vascular disease spread through wounds on stems and roots.
The document discusses the transformation and renaissance of the fine cocoa sector in the Caribbean. It notes that the traditional model of small farmers selling raw cocoa beans to centralized government processing facilities is outdated. Recent innovative projects have improved productivity and efficiency by replacing individual labor with trained specialist teams using modern tools. This has increased yields from 0.3 to 1.5 tonnes per hectare and labor efficiency. The fine cocoa sector has opportunities to add greater value locally through processing and branding to attract higher prices given the premium status of Caribbean fine cocoa. There is potential to leverage the region's genebank and develop geographical indications to further differentiate products.
This document discusses biotechnology and food security in Africa. It notes that West Africa is a food insecure region, with 1 in 4 of the world's malnourished living there. Biotechnology tools like genetic engineering hold promise to increase agricultural productivity and address challenges like pests and diseases. Countries like Burkina Faso, Ghana, and Nigeria are conducting research on genetically modified crops like Bt cotton, cowpea, and cassava to increase yields and resilience. However, challenges remain around regulations, infrastructure, and developing scientific capacity. Increased efforts in animal biotechnology and accelerating biosafety legislation will also be important for realizing biotechnology's potential in Africa.
This document provides information on coffee, cocoa, and snack products from Colombian companies. It lists 8 coffee companies that produce roasted coffee, freeze dried coffee, and instant coffee. It also lists 9 cocoa companies that produce chocolate bars and other cocoa products. Finally, it lists 9 snack companies that produce plantain and cassava chips, popcorn, and other healthy snacks. For each company, it provides brief details on production capacity and certifications.
In honour of Climate Week Jeremy Haggar, Head of the Agriculture, Health and Environment Department from the Natural Resources Institute at the University of Greenwich hosted an interesting lecture on 'Climate Change: a threat to coffee small-holders and our morning cup of coffee?'
Sustainable cocoa in the Dominican Republic - ForestFinanceCIFOR-ICRAF
Presentation at the Global Landscapes Forum on 6 June 2016, in London, UK during the Dragon's Den session. For more information go to: www.landscapes.org.
A Associação dos Cafeicultores do Brasil denuncia que a Organização Internacional do Café (OIC) divulgou dados incorretos sobre a produção mundial de café para 2019, manipulando as estatísticas para manter os preços baixos e prejudicar produtores. Segundo dados do governo brasileiro, a produção do país será 9,74 milhões de sacas menor do que a estimada pela OIC. A carta pede que o governo brasileiro exija a correção dos dados divulgados pela OIC.
Este documento presenta los resultados de la fase internacional de una competencia de café. Proporciona el ranking de los primeros 28 participantes, mostrando su nombre, granja/finca, ciudad, región e inscripción. El ganador fue André Luis Aguilar Ibeiro de Minas Gerais, Brasil, con una puntuación de 92.23.
A irrigação do cafeeiro via gotejamento permite a aplicação localizada de água junto aos pés de café formando um bulbo que deve ser suficientemente capaz de fornecer a água necessária para repor as evapotranspirações diárias da planta sendo captada pelo maior volume de radicelas possíveis, evitando condensação e restrição do sistema radicular. Bulbos muito restritos reduzem o sistema radicular efetivo tanto lateralmente quanto em profundidade o que debilita a planta nos períodos críticos de veranico e elevadas temperaturas, além de reduzir acentuadamente o aproveitamento dos nutrientes aplicados nas adubações seja por cobertura ou por fertirrigação.
CIRCULAR SUP/ADIG N° 41/2019-BNDES Programa BNDES para Composição de Dívidas ...Revista Cafeicultura
O Superintendente da Área de Operações e Canais Digitais - ADIG, no uso de suas
atribuições e consoante Resolução da Diretoria do BNDES, COMUNICA às
INSTITUIÇÕES FINANCEIRAS CREDENCIADAS as seguintes alterações no âmbito do
Programa BNDES para Composição de Dívidas Rurais – BNDES Pro-CDD AGRO
Novas cultivares de café: resistência aos fatores bióticos e abióticos e qual...Revista Cafeicultura
O documento resume a história do melhoramento genético do café no Brasil desde 1727, destacando as principais cultivares desenvolvidas. Também descreve as características agronômicas e de qualidade de novas cultivares resistentes a doenças lançadas pelo IAPAR, como IPR 100, IPR 103 e IPR 107.
O documento discute a adubação nitrogenada do cafeeiro, incluindo recomendações de doses de nitrogênio, fontes de nitrogênio, e estratégias para aumentar a eficiência do uso do nitrogênio pela cultura, como escolha adequada de fertilizantes, parcelamento da aplicação e uso de fertilizantes de liberação controlada ou com aditivos.
Ferrugem do Cafeeiro no Brasil - Evolução e controle químico Eng Agr José Br...Revista Cafeicultura
O documento descreve a evolução e o controle químico da ferrugem do cafeeiro no Brasil desde a década de 1970, destacando as diferentes etapas do controle químico e os fatores que influenciam a doença.
Técnicas para melhorar a fração biológica do solo para a utilização na cafeic...Revista Cafeicultura
O documento discute como melhor aproveitar a biologia do solo na cafeicultura por meio de: 1) conhecimento sobre a ciência do solo e a biodiversidade microbiana no solo; 2) exploração dos componentes do sistema solo-planta para funções como degradação de matéria orgânica; 3) técnicas de manejo como rotação de culturas e uso de resíduos orgânicos para melhorar a qualidade biológica do solo.
Tecnologia: Modernidade operacional da cafeicultura do Futuro Dr. rouverson p...Revista Cafeicultura
Tecnologia: Modernidade operacional.
Palestrante: Eng.º Agr.º Dr Rouverson Pereira da Silva – Unesp – SP
Workshop- Manejo fitossanitário na CAFEICULTURA DO FUTURO, maximizando a produtividade: Controle de doenças e nematoides
O documento discute como usar 100% da comunicação, incluindo palavras, entonação da voz, expressões corporais. A comunicação não verbal é mais importante do que o conteúdo, com a entonação da voz e expressões corporais contando para 55% e 38% respectivamente. O documento também fornece dicas sobre como melhorar a comunicação através do vocabulário, elogio, espelhamento, linguagem corporal e posicionamento.
Cecafé Relatório das Exportações de café mensal-janeiro-2019Revista Cafeicultura
O Brasil começou bem o ano em termos de exportação de café. Segundo dados compilados pelo Cecafé, Conselho dos Exportadores de Café do Brasil, em seu relatório de exportações mais recente, o país exportou 3,28 milhões de sacas de café em janeiro deste ano, considerando a soma de café verde, solúvel e torrado & moído.
Resultado da fase da Pré-Seleção do Cup of Excellence - Brazil Excellence - B...Revista Cafeicultura
Este documento contiene una lista de 100 productores de café en Brasil. Para cada productor se incluye un código, el nombre del propietario, el nombre de la propiedad, la ciudad y la región donde se ubica. La lista proporciona información sobre pequeños y grandes productores de café de diferentes regiones de Brasil.
Este documento discute o uso racional da água na agricultura no Estado de São Paulo. Apresenta diversas técnicas e projetos que vêm sendo implementados para reduzir o consumo de água e proteger os solos, como a captação da água da chuva, o reuso da água, sistemas de irrigação mais eficientes e a recuperação de matas ciliares. Também destaca a importância da irrigação para a produção agrícola e esclarece que a agricultura não é a principal responsável pela crise hí
Campanha de combate a Broca-do-café - Vazio Sanitário da broca-do-caféRevista Cafeicultura
O documento descreve uma campanha de combate à broca do café na região do Cerrado Mineiro, incluindo: 1) um vazio sanitário para remover frutos remanescentes, 2) uma reunião com empresas de defensivos para discutir estratégias de combate, e 3) o desenvolvimento de pesquisas e a atualização de um manual sobre prevenção e combate à broca.
O documento fornece um panorama macroeconômico global e do Brasil, com projeções de crescimento econômico, taxas de juros e inflação. Apresenta dados sobre a atividade econômica nos EUA, China e Brasil, além de perspectivas para o agronegócio brasileiro e mineiro.
Roberto Felicor Coocatrel Estratégias para um manejo sustentável da Broca-do...Revista Cafeicultura
O ataque da broca do café aumentou significativamente na safra de 2017, causando maiores níveis de defeitos e problemas de qualidade. Os produtores aplicaram defensivos de forma indiscriminada e sem monitoramento, levando a uma falta de eficiência no controle. Novas pesquisas científicas sobre o ciclo de vida da broca e métodos de monitoramento e controle cultural e biológico são necessárias para enfrentar os desafios atuais.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
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Conference bresil 2012 very final
1. COFFEE ROBUSTA
IN COTE D’IVOIRE
VITORIA, June 2012 By Dr KOFFI NGoran
2. Innovation and technology transfer in Côte d’Ivoire
INTRODUCTION
RESEARCH AND INNOVATION
TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
CONCLUSION
3. INTRODUCTION
Côte d’Ivoire in West Africa
322 462 Km2
20.8 million inhabitants
Economic lung of West Africa : 40 % of GDP
4. INTRODUCTION
Coffee cultivation was introduced in the locality
of Alima (south-Eastern) in 1890 with two plant
varieties known as Indenié and Kouilou. But
these varieties were destroyed in the 1940s due
to coffee wilt disease (tracheomycosis).
Replantation by more disease resistant
varieties of Robusta took place in the 1950s
The distribution of seeds and plant materials
was then carried out by the African Farmers
Union and colonial farmers.
5. Innovation and technology transfer in Côte d’Ivoire
Identification of Coffee growing zone
Coffee growing zone First
Zone
6. Innovation and technology transfer in Côte d’Ivoire
PRODUCTION STATUS
Areas covered by coffee between 1930 and
1960:
In 1934, 30.000 Ha including:
- 24.000 ha by European farmers, representing
80%
- 6.000 ha by African farmers, representing 20%
In 1960, 500.000 ha were cultivated, including:
- 485.000 ha by African farmers, 97%
- 15.000 ha by the Europeans, (3%)
7. Innovation and technology transfer in Côte d’Ivoire
PRODUCTION STATUS
With the strong support of the Government
farmers expanded coffee planted areas to 1.2
million hectares.
400.000 farmers developed their coffee farms of
a small size:
25% of their coffee farms are less than 2 ha,
70% are between 2 and 10 ha,
5% are above 10 ha.
8. Innovation and technology transfer in Côte d’Ivoire
Graph 1: Coffee production and exports by Côte d'Ivoire
7,000
6,000
5,000
Thousand 60kg bags
4,000
Production
Exportations
3,000
2,000
1,000
0
1965/66 1970/71 1975/76 1980/81 1985/86 1990/91 1995/96 2000/01 2005/06 2010/11
Source: ICO
9. Innovation and technology transfer in Côte d’Ivoire
•Average production was between 3 and 5
million 60-kg bags per crop year from 1960/61 to
1999/2000,
•Production is essentially exported as green
beans without processing; Local processing is
weak, less than 20%.
• Coffee represented more than 40% of the
country total export revenues in the 1960s and
in the 70s,
•The downward trend of coffee production in
Cote d’Ivoire is attributable to a number of
factors including:
10. Innovation and technology transfer in Côte d’Ivoire
The liberalization of the filiere and the reform
from 1998;
Very low levels of international price, less than
US cents 40/lb from 2000 to 2004 due mainly to an
oversupply in international market,
Increasing interest of coffee farmers for
alternative crops such as cocoa, palm oil, rubber,
Ageing coffee trees,
Socio-political crisis between 2002 and 2011.
11. Innovation and technology transfer in Côte d’Ivoire
Despite the current downward trend of production
there are still potentials for maintaining production
at reasonable levels:
The national governing body has been
restructed; creation of Coffee & Cocoa Council in
2011,
The National Agronomic Research Centre (CNRA)
The extension services provider, the National
Agency for Rural Development support (ANADER),
The three main pillars will contribute to revitalize
Robusta coffee sector in the country.
12. Research and Innovation in Côte d’Ivoire
Since 1960, technologies have been developed by
CNRA. The mission of coffee programme:
To breed high yielding coffee varieties, resistant to
diseases and pests, with high quality beans,
To develop appropriate cultural techniques for planting
and upkeepping coffee,
To develop integrated management methods for the
control of pests and diseases,
To provide farmers with improved planting materials,
To train extension agents, farmers and other
stakeholders on good agricultural practices for
sustainable coffee production
13. Research and Innovation in Côte d’Ivoire
1. Plant materials: From 1960 to 1984
7 Clones (distributed as cuttings)
Earliness (2 years)
High yielding 2.5 t/year
Bean size: 13 g for 100 beans
Caffeine content: 3 %
13 hybrids (distributed as seeds)
High yielding 1.6 t/year
Bean size: 14 g for 100 beans
14. Research and Innovation in Côte d’Ivoire
Since 1984, the hybrid vigour was observed between two
genetic pools (Guinean and Congolese) available in an
important coffee germplasm collection in Côte d’Ivoire
. This vigour was exploited.
Guinean pool
Guinean Congolese pool
Guinea
C B SG2 Source:
Centrafriqan Rep.
Uganda
Genetic diversity
Cameroon
of C. canephora.
(Berthaud, 1986 ;
Côte d’Ivoire
Gabon
Montagnon et
Congo DRC al, 1992 ; Dussert
et al, 1999)
SG1 Angola
15. Research and Innovation in Côte d’Ivoire
12 Hybrids (distributed as seeds)
Earliness (1 year)
High yielding 3-3.5 t/year
Bean size: 15 g for 100 beans
Caffeine content: 2 %
Early and High yielding variety (Source: CNRA)
16. Research and Innovation in Côte d’Ivoire
2. Cultural techniques
N fertilizer such as Urea at 100 kg N/ha gave a
yield increase of 40% more than the control. To
minimize the cost of Urea application, legume
trees were intercropped with coffee trees.
9,80 a
10
8,56 b
7,93 b
9
Good effects
8 on coffee yield
Production (T cmd/ha)
7
5,60 c 30 % more than
6 the control
5
4
3
2
1
Témoin Gliricidia Albizzia Urée
17. Research and Innovation in Côte d’Ivoire
Legume trees contribute to coffee productivity
and soil improvement,
Legume trees improve quality and nutritional
value of the beans by increasing total
acidity, proteins, potassium and sugars
content.
18. Research and Innovation in Côte d’Ivoire
In small size coffee plantations food crops can
be associated for intercropping during the first
two years after planting.
In the framework of diversification coffee can
be associated with rubber.
Coffee trees
intercropped
with Ruber trees
19. Research and Innovation in Côte d’Ivoire
3. Sensorial quality
Introduction of « terroirs » concept in coffee
sector in Côte d’Ivoire through a pilot project
financed and sponsored by CFC, ICO, IACO and
CNRA in 2005.
Linking the environment with ROBUSTA bean
and liquor qualities is:
an answer for quality management, traceability
and improvement of coffee farmer’s income.
20. Research and Innovation in Côte d’Ivoire
The “Terroirs” concept consist of identifying pedology , type of soils and
climate of different regions.
Cup tasting
4
1
3
5 2
*
21. Research and Innovation in Côte d’Ivoire
Identification of coffee liquor from different geographical areas
Intensité odeur
3,000
préference qualité aromatique
2,500
2,000
fermenté corps
1,500
1,000
divo
0,500
brûlé acidité aboisso
0,000 abengourou
Man
terreux amertume
vert astringence
apre fruité
22. Research and Innovation in Côte d’Ivoire
Also to diferentiate Terroirs according to the chemical contents of coffee
beans and soils analyses
23. Presentation of terroirs
Terroir 4
Results of the Pilot Project
• Good aromatic quality
• Good taste
Lacs
Terroir 3
1
• Rioted
• Bitter body
Terroir 1
• Green and astringent taste
• Bitter body
Moyen Comoé
Terroir 2
• Slighty acid
• Good aromatic quality
• Fruity taste
24. Research and Innovation in Côte d’Ivoire
Concept of terroirs, Coffee tasting, effective
means of:
Training farmers for good post harvest
practices,
Collecting coffee, packaging and labelling by
origin,
Directing Robusta coffees to specific niche
markets.
25. Technology transfer in Côte d’Ivoire
Technology transfer requires the following:
Institutional framework: Research, Development
and organizing farmers,
Availability of research output: improved variety
and coffee agronomic practices,
Well trained and organized extension services
providers and efficient transmission mechanisms,
Farmers well organized and trained in good
agricultural practices.
26. Technology transfer in Côte d’Ivoire
1. From 1960 to 1994:
Extension services were provided by a state own
company known as SATMACI, in charge of
organizing farmers, the provision of plant
materials and advices to farmers,
Availing technologies to farmers with specific
approach by officers that mastered the various
topics of extension services,
Other services were provided to farmers:
agricultural input subsidies, support of local
authorities.
27. Technology transfer in Côte d’Ivoire
2. From 1994: Creation of ANADER,
Diffusion of technologies through participative
approach with research and farmers’ organization,
Objective = reaching the maximum of producers,
Strategy:
Associating farmers to the choice of innovation;
implicating them in identifying their constraints,
28. Technology transfer in Côte d’Ivoire
2. From 1994 (contd):
Suggesting solutions to address these
constraints by the research, or elaborating
topics on these constraints,
Strengthening producers’ building capacity
through training and visit of contact groups on
demonstration farms,
Elaboration of technical itinerary to support the
transference of research results,
Results: Farmers capcity is still limited to adopt
and implement the good practices.
29. Technology transfer in Côte d’Ivoire
3. Farmer Field School :
Experience successfully carried out from 2003
through the STCP pilot project on cocoa farms:
fight against insects and
diseases, rehabilitation, quality improvement
and fertilization.
This approach has not yet been used in the
diffusion of technologies of coffee farming.
Participative approach in the search for
solutions to the challenges of farmers,
30. Technology transfer in Côte d’Ivoire
The use of Facilitators among farmers trained
to takeover the role of agricultural advisers,
Permanent exchange between
farmers, evaluation of activities,
Progressive development of extension
services within the farmer’s organizations,
This mechanism can give good results in
coffee technology transfer to achieve adoption
of recommended practices.
31. CONCLUSION
Although its exports represent less than 2% of
world exports compared to 5% recorded in the
1980s, Robusta coffee continues to be an
important economical and social factor in Côte
d’Ivoire.
Moreover, some capacities already available can
revive the coffee sector:
Strong scientific coffee institution for improving
productivity and quality, increasing value chain of
coffee from Côte d’Ivoire through terroirs concept
32. CONCLUSION
Extension system for improving and
strengthening the mechanisms of technology
transfer,
National coffee development plan including:
- facilitating input supply, incentives to farmers
and credit services,
- the market price,
- and strategies for local processing and
increasing domestic consumption.
33. Innovation and technology transfer in Côte d’Ivoire
THANKS to the Authority of
Robusta Coffee in Brazil
THANK YOU FOR
YOUR ATTENTION