Conditional_Sentences_Presentation_Justice_Sir

1. Conditional Sentences
Understanding Types & Uses of
Conditionals
By Justice Sir

2. What Are Conditional Sentences?
• Conditional sentences describe a condition
and its possible result.
• They often use 'if' to introduce the condition.
• Example: If it rains, we will stay indoors.

3. Zero Conditional
• Used for general truths or scientific facts.
• Structure: If + Present Simple, Present Simple
• Example: If you heat water, it boils.

4. First Conditional
• Used for real future possibilities.
• Structure: If + Present Simple, will + V1
• Example: If she studies, she will pass the test.

5. Second Conditional
• Used for unreal or imaginary situations in the
present or future.
• Structure: If + Past Simple, would + V1
• Example: If I were rich, I would travel the
world.

6. Third Conditional
• Used for unreal situations in the past (regrets).
• Structure: If + Past Perfect, would have + V3
• Example: If he had worked harder, he would
have succeeded.

7. Mixed Conditional
• Used when the condition is in the past and the
result is in the present.
• Structure: If + Past Perfect, would + V1
• Example: If I had studied medicine, I would be
a doctor now.

8. Common Errors
• ❌ If I will see her, I will tell her. → ✅ If I see her,
I will tell her.
• ❌ If it rained, I will stay home. → ✅ If it rains, I
will stay home.
• ❌ If you had come, I will be happy. → ✅ If you
had come, I would have been happy.

9. Exercise – Fill in the blanks
• 1. If I ______ (be) you, I would not do that.
• 2. If they come, we ______ (start) the
meeting.
• 3. If she had seen the doctor earlier, she
______ (recover).
• 4. If he ______ (study) harder, he would pass
the exam.
• 5. If water reaches 100°C, it ______ (boil).

10. Let’s Summarize
• ✅ Zero: If + Present, Present (Facts)
• ✅ First: If + Present, will + V1 (Real future)
• ✅ Second: If + Past, would + V1 (Unreal
present/future)
• ✅ Third: If + Past Perfect, would have + V3
(Unreal past)
• ✅ Mixed: Past condition, present result