concept of ground water depletion causes and consequences

1. DEPLATION OF GROUNDWATER LEVEL
MD S.M

2. AGENDAS
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INTRODUCTION
CAUSES
CONSEQUENCES
SOLUTIONS
SUMMARY

3. INTRODUCTION
Groundwater is one of the largest sources of the fresh water And is found
underground. About 1.5 billion people of the earth are directly depends on ground
water for drinking water supply as well as to fulfill their basic needs. Basically social
dependencey on ground water and and the shortage of surface water have introduced
the ground water.
In a simple word, Groundwater depletion refers to the gradual reduction of groundwater
levels in aquifers over time. It is estimated that 20% of global water withdrwal has comes
form Ground water. According to UNEP annual global fresh groundwater withdrwal has
grown from 3790 km3 in 1995 to 4430 km3 in 2000. if the global water withdrwal is
expected to increase with a rate of 10-20%/ 10 years, reaching approx. 5240 km3
in the year of 2025.
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4. CAUSES OF GROUNDWATER DEPLETION:
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o Over-Extraction: Excessive pumping of groundwater for agriculture, industry, and domestic use leads to
its depletion. As demand increases, aquifers are drained faster than they can recharge.
o Climate Change: Altered precipitation patterns and rising temperatures affect groundwater recharge rates.
Reduced snowmelt and prolonged droughts exacerbate the problem.
o Deforestation: Trees play a crucial role in maintaining groundwater levels. Deforestation disrupts this
balance by reducing transpiration and altering soil permeability.
o Urbanization: Urban areas with impervious surfaces prevent rainwater from infiltrating the ground,
reducing recharge.
o Industrial Activities: Industries often consume large volumes of water, impacting local aquifers.
o Agricultural Practices: Excessive irrigation and inefficient water management contribute to groundwater
depletion.

5. CAUSES OF G.W. DEPLATION
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6. CONSEQUENCES OF GROUNDWATER
DEPLETION:
o Contamination of Groundwater: Overexploitation can reveal harmful
substances like arsenic and fluoride, affecting drinking water quality and
agricultural productivity.
o Drying Up of Rivers: Excessive extraction leads to rivers gradually drying up.
Deep tube wells near rivers obstruct water flow, harming fish and wildlife.
o Impact on Living Organisms: Declining fisheries, water scarcity, and
diminishing riverside trees contribute to environmental degradation. Wildlife
and marine species suffer.
• Migration: As groundwater levels decline, water crises force people to move.
Aquifer exhaustion affects food supplies and communities
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7. CONSEQUENCES
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8. SOLUTIONS:
o Sustainable Water Use: Implement efficient irrigation techniques and manage
water resources wisely.
o Reforestation: Planting trees helps maintain groundwater levels.
o Rainwater Harvesting: Collect rainwater for recharge.
o Regulation and Monitoring: Enforce regulations on groundwater extraction
and monitor aquifer health.
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9. THANK YOU
MD S.M
GEOCORNER.NIC.AU.050.@GMAIL.COM