This research investigates competitive intelligence and organizational performance in Nigeria with a particular reference to deposit money banks in South-East, Nigeria. The invisibility of competitive intelligence units in these banks necessitated this research. The objectives of this study are: To empirically investigate the influence of competitor intelligence on market share and the effect of customer intelligence on quality service delivery. Survey research design was adopted. The data generated were analyzed using Simple Regression Analysis. The results revealed that competitor intelligence had a significant positive influence on market share and also customer intelligence had a significant positive effect on quality service delivery. The study recommended that Banks should establish competitive intelligence departments that will frequently help them gather relevant and timely information about their competitors and customers so as to enable them formulate strategies and make informed and effective decisions at all times. Ndubuisi-Okolo Purity Uzoamaka | Theresa Anigbogu | Ike Ijeoma Chidimma."Competitive Intelligence and Organizationa Performance in Selected Deposit Money Banks in South-East, Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-6 , October 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd2503.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/2503/competitive-intelligence-and-organizationa-performance-in-selected-deposit-money-banks-in-south-east-nigeria/ndubuisi-okolo-purity-uzoamaka
Effects of Supply Chain Management Practices On The Performance Of Banks In K...Editor IJCATR
The paper examines the adoption of the Supply Chain Management practices on the performance
of Banks in Kenya. This research conceptualizes and develops four dimensions of SCM practice
(outsourcing of goods & services, information & communication technology, strategic supplier
partnership, and globalization) and tests the relationships between SCM practices, and
organizational performance. The study employed descriptive design. Data for the study was
collected using a self-administered questionnaire procedure, where the questionnaires were
administered to the selected respondents through drop and pick later technique. A sample size of
33 respondents was drawn from the sample frame using simple stratified random sampling
technique to promote the needs for efficiency and representativeness from various branches and
outlets of Postbank as an organization in Nairobi County and the relationships proposed in the
framework was tested using Chi-square, T-test among other statistical tools. Data was analyzed
by aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The study will be useful in the academic
circles as it will contribute immensely towards filling the gaps in knowledge in the area of service
industry. The study found that outsourcing was important to the banks only when the appropriate
methods are employed. It also found that ICT had a major role in determining the performance of
banks as it dictated the mode of transaction and data they displayed to clients. Strategic
partnership was also important based on what it intended to achieve in enhancing the performance
of banks. Lastly, globalization is equally vital as it increases competition and exposes local banks
to global scene to experience how performance of banks can be improved. The study recommends
that correct ICT methods should be applied to promote the competitiveness of banks and improve
performance. Also it recommends that outsourcing be done only if they promote the objectives and
goals of the banking institute.
Effective sources and uses of finance is one of the primary activities for the success of a
business, where imprudent financing practices have been identified as a key constraint for the development
of the SME sector. For instance, the empirical evidence suggests that uncertainties of the SMEs due tolack
of skills and knowledgeable workers, economic fluctuations and financingcosts at firm level constitutes to het
ride from proper access to formal financing
Needless to say, social media represents one of the most important platforms for marketing
communications in today’s world. In line with other opportunities, it is an important resource for business -
information. Therefore, it should be considered as a valuable asset by companies.
The Effect of Strategic Intelligence on Business Success in Selected Commerci...ijtsrd
This study concentrated on the influence of strategic intelligence on business success. High rate of competition in todays banking industry constitutes a major challenge to growth and development. A survey research design was adopted. The justification for the adoption of survey research design is that the study made use of primary data which involves elicitation of responses via questionnaire from the respondents Data generated were analyzed utilizing Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient. The result revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between strategic intelligence and business success. This depicts that effective strategic intelligence by firms leads to business success. In conclusion, Banks should also be flexible enough to adapt to the changes accruing from the external business environment. Ndubuisi-Okolo Purity.U. | Anekwe Rita Ifeoma. | Theresa Anigbogu"The Effect of Strategic Intelligence on Business Success in Selected Commercial Banks in South-East, Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-6 , October 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd2502.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/2502/the-effect-of-strategic-intelligence-on-business-success-in-selected-commercial-banks-in-south-east-nigeria/ndubuisi-okolo-purityu
Effect of Advertising Media on Sales Performance of Cable TV Network Firms in...AI Publications
The study aimed to investigate the impacts of advertising media on sales performance of firms in Cable TV network sector in Mwanza city, Tanzania. Specifically, this study concentrated in determining how digital marketing affects sales performance, determining effect of TV/Radio on sales performance of firms, assessing effect of outdoor (out of home) on sales performance.. This study employed quantitative methodology. The targeted population of the study was about 414 network managers from the six Cable TV network service providers and A sample of 83 network managers, selected from a population of 414 Cable TV network firms and were selected using simple random sampling technique. Questionnaire and documentary review are used to collect data. The study employed descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The results revealed that all the advertising media namelydigital marketing, TV/Radio and outdoor had a significantly positive effect on sales performance of Cable Network firms. The study further found that mobile marketing had the highest effect of firms’ ales performance followed by outdoor adverting, then social media marketing and lastly TV/Radio. The study lastly recommends that management should create readiness of the company in terms of ensuring products and organization area, and establish a great team. The study also recommended that Cable TV firms should use more of modern advertising especially mobile marketing and social media marketing as they can be accessed by customer 24/7/365 and will reach more people. The marketing/Advertising department should develop marketing plan for advertising to assist measuring effectiveness of each advertising media and hence this can help in developing effective marketing activities.
Determinants of Auditor Performance at the Regional Inspectorate Evidence fro...ijtsrd
Performance measurement is used as a basis for assessing the success and failure of implementing activities. Quality human resources affect the performance of each auditor. Quality of supervision must fulfill criterion under regulations is required. The research objective was to test whether responsibility, independence, expertise, and compliance with the code of ethics affected the inspectorate auditors performance in regional governments in East Java. Research data collection was carried out by the survey method by the snowball method to distribute questionnaires to respondents. Forty seven filled questionnaires were analyzed using partial least squares. There are four hypotheses tested. Based on the test results, it can be concluded that there is an influence of responsibility, independence, competence, and compliance on the regional inspectorate auditors performance. Auditors who comply with the code of ethics can increase auditor professionalism. The higher the professionalism, the better the auditor can consider finding possible deviations. The research implication is that adherence to the established standards improves the quality of audit performance. Therefore, continuous efforts are needed to enhance competence and compliance with the auditing apparatus standards to produce quality regional financial statements. Alwan Sri Kustono "Determinants of Auditor Performance at the Regional Inspectorate: Evidence from East Java – Indonesia" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-1 , December 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd35822.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/accounting/35822/determinants-of-auditor-performance-at-the-regional-inspectorate-evidence-from-east-java-– -indonesia/alwan-sri-kustono
Effects of Supply Chain Management Practices On The Performance Of Banks In K...Editor IJCATR
The paper examines the adoption of the Supply Chain Management practices on the performance
of Banks in Kenya. This research conceptualizes and develops four dimensions of SCM practice
(outsourcing of goods & services, information & communication technology, strategic supplier
partnership, and globalization) and tests the relationships between SCM practices, and
organizational performance. The study employed descriptive design. Data for the study was
collected using a self-administered questionnaire procedure, where the questionnaires were
administered to the selected respondents through drop and pick later technique. A sample size of
33 respondents was drawn from the sample frame using simple stratified random sampling
technique to promote the needs for efficiency and representativeness from various branches and
outlets of Postbank as an organization in Nairobi County and the relationships proposed in the
framework was tested using Chi-square, T-test among other statistical tools. Data was analyzed
by aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The study will be useful in the academic
circles as it will contribute immensely towards filling the gaps in knowledge in the area of service
industry. The study found that outsourcing was important to the banks only when the appropriate
methods are employed. It also found that ICT had a major role in determining the performance of
banks as it dictated the mode of transaction and data they displayed to clients. Strategic
partnership was also important based on what it intended to achieve in enhancing the performance
of banks. Lastly, globalization is equally vital as it increases competition and exposes local banks
to global scene to experience how performance of banks can be improved. The study recommends
that correct ICT methods should be applied to promote the competitiveness of banks and improve
performance. Also it recommends that outsourcing be done only if they promote the objectives and
goals of the banking institute.
Effective sources and uses of finance is one of the primary activities for the success of a
business, where imprudent financing practices have been identified as a key constraint for the development
of the SME sector. For instance, the empirical evidence suggests that uncertainties of the SMEs due tolack
of skills and knowledgeable workers, economic fluctuations and financingcosts at firm level constitutes to het
ride from proper access to formal financing
Needless to say, social media represents one of the most important platforms for marketing
communications in today’s world. In line with other opportunities, it is an important resource for business -
information. Therefore, it should be considered as a valuable asset by companies.
The Effect of Strategic Intelligence on Business Success in Selected Commerci...ijtsrd
This study concentrated on the influence of strategic intelligence on business success. High rate of competition in todays banking industry constitutes a major challenge to growth and development. A survey research design was adopted. The justification for the adoption of survey research design is that the study made use of primary data which involves elicitation of responses via questionnaire from the respondents Data generated were analyzed utilizing Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient. The result revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between strategic intelligence and business success. This depicts that effective strategic intelligence by firms leads to business success. In conclusion, Banks should also be flexible enough to adapt to the changes accruing from the external business environment. Ndubuisi-Okolo Purity.U. | Anekwe Rita Ifeoma. | Theresa Anigbogu"The Effect of Strategic Intelligence on Business Success in Selected Commercial Banks in South-East, Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-6 , October 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd2502.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/2502/the-effect-of-strategic-intelligence-on-business-success-in-selected-commercial-banks-in-south-east-nigeria/ndubuisi-okolo-purityu
Effect of Advertising Media on Sales Performance of Cable TV Network Firms in...AI Publications
The study aimed to investigate the impacts of advertising media on sales performance of firms in Cable TV network sector in Mwanza city, Tanzania. Specifically, this study concentrated in determining how digital marketing affects sales performance, determining effect of TV/Radio on sales performance of firms, assessing effect of outdoor (out of home) on sales performance.. This study employed quantitative methodology. The targeted population of the study was about 414 network managers from the six Cable TV network service providers and A sample of 83 network managers, selected from a population of 414 Cable TV network firms and were selected using simple random sampling technique. Questionnaire and documentary review are used to collect data. The study employed descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The results revealed that all the advertising media namelydigital marketing, TV/Radio and outdoor had a significantly positive effect on sales performance of Cable Network firms. The study further found that mobile marketing had the highest effect of firms’ ales performance followed by outdoor adverting, then social media marketing and lastly TV/Radio. The study lastly recommends that management should create readiness of the company in terms of ensuring products and organization area, and establish a great team. The study also recommended that Cable TV firms should use more of modern advertising especially mobile marketing and social media marketing as they can be accessed by customer 24/7/365 and will reach more people. The marketing/Advertising department should develop marketing plan for advertising to assist measuring effectiveness of each advertising media and hence this can help in developing effective marketing activities.
Determinants of Auditor Performance at the Regional Inspectorate Evidence fro...ijtsrd
Performance measurement is used as a basis for assessing the success and failure of implementing activities. Quality human resources affect the performance of each auditor. Quality of supervision must fulfill criterion under regulations is required. The research objective was to test whether responsibility, independence, expertise, and compliance with the code of ethics affected the inspectorate auditors performance in regional governments in East Java. Research data collection was carried out by the survey method by the snowball method to distribute questionnaires to respondents. Forty seven filled questionnaires were analyzed using partial least squares. There are four hypotheses tested. Based on the test results, it can be concluded that there is an influence of responsibility, independence, competence, and compliance on the regional inspectorate auditors performance. Auditors who comply with the code of ethics can increase auditor professionalism. The higher the professionalism, the better the auditor can consider finding possible deviations. The research implication is that adherence to the established standards improves the quality of audit performance. Therefore, continuous efforts are needed to enhance competence and compliance with the auditing apparatus standards to produce quality regional financial statements. Alwan Sri Kustono "Determinants of Auditor Performance at the Regional Inspectorate: Evidence from East Java – Indonesia" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-1 , December 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd35822.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/accounting/35822/determinants-of-auditor-performance-at-the-regional-inspectorate-evidence-from-east-java-– -indonesia/alwan-sri-kustono
A STUDY ON PERCEPTION OF INTERNET BANKING USERS SERVICE QUALITY - A STRUCTURA...IAEME Publication
The purpose of the study is to identify the perceptions of Internet banking (IB) users in Tamil Nadu using technology acceptance model (TAM) by incorporating service quality as external variable. The study found that both the TAM variables – perceived ease of use (PEOU) and perceived usefulness (PU). A total of 380 questionnaires were distributed for internet banking customers and 336 were returned (resulting 88.42 percentage of response rate). The results confirm that the all six dimensions (Website attribute, Reliability, Responsiveness, Fulfillment, Efficiency and Privacy) are distinct constructs. The results also indicate that internet banking service quality consisting of six dimensions has appropriate reliability and each dimension has a significant relationship with internet banking service quality. The efficiency of banking website is the important aspect of internet banking service quality. The finding found that the relationship between internet banking service quality, perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness are significant. This study proposes a model to understand the effect of internet banking service quality on perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness in developing country. The constructs truly reflect the dynamism of customers’ banking relationship and a better understanding the attitude on internet banking will help the bankers in implementing more effective marketing strategies.
Effect of pricing strategies on customer retention among small scale metal me...AI Publications
Consumer buying behavior has become polarized phenomenon and this impact their on price decisions as well as well as performance of the metal fabricators or sellers. Thispapersought to investigate the effect of pricing strategies on customer retention among small Scale Metals mechanics and Fabricators in Mwanza City, Tanzania. This was guided by three specific objectives which were to: examine the effects of value-based pricing strategy on customer retention among small scale metal mechanics and fabricators, determine the effects of competition-based pricing strategy on customer retention among small scale metal mechanics and fabricator and determine the effects of cost-based pricing strategy on customers’ retention among small scale metal mechanics and fabricator. It adopted a mixed approach method .With a target population of 570 small scale metalwork operators, 228 responded to the questionnaire and interviewed seven owners/operators. A multiple regression analysis was utilized to test the relationship between independent and dependent variables. The study found that the adoption of a value-based pricing practice, competition-based pricing practice, and cost -based pricing practice by management has significant impact to small scale metalwork operators. In particular, the study revealed that the use of value-based pricing, competition-based pricing and cost-based pricing strategies has enormous contribution on customer retention among small scale metal mechanics and fabricators in Mwanza City. It was found that the small scale mechanics and fabricators use these pricing strategies interchangeably depending on the market situation.
The Influence of Sales Promotion and Brand Image toward the Purchasing Decisi...YogeshIJTSRD
The aim of this research is to know the influence of sales promotion and brand image to Shopee platform toward consumer purchasing decision by students in FISIP Slamet Riyadi Surakarta. The method uses survey. This research includes as quantitative explanative research. Research population is students of FISIP Slamet Riyadi Surakarta who buy products through Shopee. Technique sampling in nonprobability uses accidental sampling with 96 respondents. Technique of collecting data is questionnaire as primer data and files, documents as seconder data. Validity data test uses moment product test and reliability data test uses cronbach alpha test. Analysis technique uses multiple regressions analysis by doing classic assumption test. The result shows that, as simultanouesly, both of free variables influence purchasing decision, while, as individually, sales promotion does not give influence to purchasing decision as 0,848. Then, brand image gives significant influence to purchasing decision as 0,004. Nurnawati Hindra Hastuti | Andri Astuti Itasari "The Influence of Sales Promotion and Brand Image toward the Purchasing Decision in Shopee Platform" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd43905.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/social-science/43905/the-influence-of-sales-promotion-and-brand-image-toward-the-purchasing-decision-in-shopee-platform/nurnawati-hindra-hastuti
Importance of Perceived Brand Ranking for B2B Customers in Making High Risk P...IOSRJBM
Brand Building and Brand promotions are undoubtedly means of generating large revenues in today’s B2B industrial market. However, due to globalization and access to multiple information data base, the organizations with equal brand equities and brand image exists in the Industrial segments. Therefore, it become extremely difficult for the Buying Center in B2B segment to arrive quickly on the purchasing decision. Therefore, in today’s intense marketing era, a deliberate attempt is needed to improve the perceived Brand Ranking in the minds of buying center. Strong brand ranking thus has become a very important factor that influences customer perceptions of a brand. In the success of Brand Management, Brand ranking is gaining significant importance alongwith brand equity from understanding and managing them correctly. Today’s marketing professionals need to pay deliberate attention to Brand ranking so as to produce strong attributes that will influence customers when making their choices.This research paper focuses on the importance brand ranking and how it is being perceived by B2B customers while making purchasing decision. This is based on the assumption that the other dimensions such as brand promotions, brand equity are at the same level and the customers knowingly and unknowingly makes a comparison based on the rank of the brand.However, this research paper aims to find out if the perceived financial and business risks in the minds of the members of buying center significantly impacts the perceived Brand Ranking. Brand awareness was treated separately from other dimensions because of the difference in scale.A structured questionnaire was constructed to provide answers to our research question. In this study, one hundred questionnaires were distributed, but only eightytwo questionnaires were received out of which seventy six has been realized. The study surveyed four dimensions of perceived risk, value proposition, brand Imageand brand ranking of two top brands in lubricants. Among these dimensions, brand image appears to have the least brand ranking rating by consumers than the other dimensions. However, all these dimensions more or less influence the perceived brand ranking by the customer.
An Empirical Study on the Mediating Effect of E-Service Recovery Satisfaction...iosrjce
In the era of Internet and the accelerating rate of using the e-context as a marketing tool by wide
range of companies, customer retention becomes a crucial element in firm’s survival. Losing customers to
competitors in e-context is a constant threat as it is a click away .The current study aims at at investigating the
influence of five customer factors namely; E-Trust, Prior Experience, Customer’s Perception of Feedback, ELoyalty
and Digital Awareness on Customer Retention. The study has investigated whether E-Service Recovery
Satisfaction (E-SRS) has a mediating role on these relations in Airline Industry in Malaysia. A questionnaire is
designed as a data collection tool. The unit of analysis is Malaysian passengers who used the local Airlines and
faced a service failure. Sequential Equation Modeling is employed to analyze the data collected using closedended
multiple choice questionnaire.
Review on Smart Dairy ERP System Based on Android ApplicationYogeshIJTSRD
Dairy is one of the biggest agribusinesses in India and a significant contributor to Indian economy. It operates round the year to deliver milk and other dairy products to every human being. It is one the industries that still relies heavily on regional supplies, mostly from the rural areas. In regards to the dairy industry, Indian markets with the greatest growth potential are also among the least developed in infrastructure and consumer awareness. Though large scale dairies like Gokul have automated and latest technology at their disposal, the small scale and mid scale dairies are still intimidated by the use of technology mostly because of the cost and complexity of the IT systems. Hence, making the process much more labouring, inefficient and error prone. Dairy production faces multiple challenges, most of these challenges are related to the supply chain, at the level of dairy farms and milk collection. One of the most common and alarming challenges is deception of farmers by the upper management in the dairies. The dairy farmers suffer from financial loss as they are often deceived by collection center owners into paying higher commissions and the dairy administrators are unaware of it. So in order to earn a profit, dairy farmers turn to options like adulteration of milk which declines the milk quality. This can be avoided by having an integrated system. An ERP system will ensure that the farmers will get paid fair prices, the collection center owners get their commission accordingly and the dairy administrator can manage all this with ease. This will make the dairy industry more reliable and profitable. Miss. Shailja S. Panhalkar | Miss. Vanashri S. Shinde | Miss. Rucha D. Patil "Review on Smart Dairy ERP System Based on Android Application" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd43920.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/world-wide-web/43920/review-on-smart-dairy-erp-system-based-on-android-application/miss-shailja-s-panhalkar
The internet is being developed rapidly since last two decades, and with relevant digital economy that is driven by information technology also being developed worldwide. After a long term development of internet, which rapidly increased web users and highly speed internet connection, and some new technology also have been developed and used for web developing, those lead to firms can promote and enhance images of product and services through web site. Therefore, detailed product information and improved service attracts more and more people changed their consumer behaviour from the traditional mode to more rely on the internet shopping. On the other hand, more companies have realized that the consumer behaviour transformation is unavoidable trend, and thus change their marketing strategy. As the recent researches have indicated that, the internet shopping particularly in business to consumer (B2C) has risen and online shopping become more popular to many people. According to the report, The Emerging Digital Economy II, published by the US Department of Commerce, in some companies, the weight of e-commerce in total sales is quite high. For instance, the Dell computer company have reached 18 million dollars sales through the internet during the first quarter of 1999. As a result, about 30% of its 5.5 billion dollars total sales were achieved through the internet (Moon, 2004). Therefore, to understand internet shopping and its impact on consumer behaviour could help companies making use of it as a form of doing e-business.
There are many reasons for such a rapid developing of internet shopping, which mainly due to the benefits that internet provides. First of all, the internet offers different kind of convenience to consumers. Obviously, consumers do not need go out looking for product information as the internet can help them to search from online sites, and it also helps evaluate between each sites to get the cheapest price for purchase. Furthermore, the internet can enhance consumer use product more efficiently and effectively than other channels to satisfy their needs. Through the different search engines, consumers save time to access to the consumption related information, and which information with mixture of images, sound, and very detailed text description to help consumer learning and choosing the most suitable product (Moon, 2004). However, internet shopping has potential risks for the customers, such as payment safety, and after service. Due to the internet technology developed, internet payment recently becomes prevalent way for purchasing goods from the internet. Internet payment increase consumptive efficiency, at the same time, as its virtual property reduced internet security. After service is another way to stop customer shopping online. It is not like traditional retail, customer has risk that some after service should face to face serve, and especially in some complicated goods.
This research aims to study consumer’s behavior on buying online car casualty insurance. The sample group was 400 respondents which were selected by convenience sampling method. Questionnaires were used as a research instrument while chi square was used as a statistical tool for the hypothesis testing.The research revealed two major findings which were 1)there were significant differences between customer’s technological acceptance and consumer’s behavior on buying online car casualty insurance and 2) there were significant differences between customer’s trust and consumer’s behavior as well.
PREDICTIVE BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE: CONSUMER GOODS SALES FORECASTING USING ARTI...IAEME Publication
Business competition between manufacturing businesses in Indonesia is getting
tighter along with the development of businesses from competing companies that have
similar businesses. One strategy that can be applied by this company is Business
Intelligence, that is by utilizing the data that is already available to help in better
decision making, such as decisions based on facts stored in the data, precisely namely
the lack of errors in the presentation of reports, and fast that is, cut down on the time
for making the usual report. The method proposed by the author is a method that can
be used to predict sales value based on existing sales data (sales forecasting). By
implementing Business Intelligence and data mining, companies can learn from the
data that has been collected, can evaluate the performance of the sales department,
can understand market trends from the products sold, and can predict future sales
levels. In addition, Business Intelligence can display detailed transaction data
recapitulation quickly.
Effects of Supply Chain Management Practices On The Performance Of Banks In K...Editor IJCATR
The paper examines the adoption of the Supply Chain Management practices on the performance
of Banks in Kenya. This research conceptualizes and develops four dimensions of SCM practice
(outsourcing of goods & services, information & communication technology, strategic supplier
partnership, and globalization) and tests the relationships between SCM practices, and
organizational performance. The study employed descriptive design. Data for the study was
collected using a self-administered questionnaire procedure, where the questionnaires were
administered to the selected respondents through drop and pick later technique. A sample size of
33 respondents was drawn from the sample frame using simple stratified random sampling
technique to promote the needs for efficiency and representativeness from various branches and
outlets of Postbank as an organization in Nairobi County and the relationships proposed in the
framework was tested using Chi-square, T-test among other statistical tools. Data was analyzed
by aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The study will be useful in the academic
circles as it will contribute immensely towards filling the gaps in knowledge in the area of service
industry. The study found that outsourcing was important to the banks only when the appropriate
methods are employed. It also found that ICT had a major role in determining the performance of
banks as it dictated the mode of transaction and data they displayed to clients. Strategic
partnership was also important based on what it intended to achieve in enhancing the performance
of banks. Lastly, globalization is equally vital as it increases competition and exposes local banks
to global scene to experience how performance of banks can be improved. The study recommends
that correct ICT methods should be applied to promote the competitiveness of banks and improve
performance. Also it recommends that outsourcing be done only if they promote the objectives and
goals of the banking institute.
Online Technology and Marketing of Financial Services in Nigeria: An Impact A...IOSR Journals
This study extracts and analyse basic information from Service providers and customers reporting the performance and challenges of online marketing of financial services in Nigeria. Staff and customers of twelve (12) out of the leading financial institutions in Nigeria, with track records of online activities were purposively sampled with the aid of structured questionnaires, to elicit ex post facto facts for use in this study. The resultant data were analysed with the use of descriptive statistics and Pearson Correlation Coefficient using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS), version 16. The study reveals low impact; meaning the country has not realises her full potentials in harnessing online technology for marketing of financial services. It also reveals incidence of challenges associated with implementation and performance of online marketing of financial services in Nigeria which include fluctuation in online services due to poor infrastructure, high rate of online fraudsters, slim awareness on the part of the customers, e-payment bottleneck, among others. Finally, this study expounds a number of management options to stimulate the impacts of online technology in marketing financial services in Nigeria.
A STUDY ON PERCEPTION OF INTERNET BANKING USERS SERVICE QUALITY - A STRUCTURA...IAEME Publication
The purpose of the study is to identify the perceptions of Internet banking (IB) users in Tamil Nadu using technology acceptance model (TAM) by incorporating service quality as external variable. The study found that both the TAM variables – perceived ease of use (PEOU) and perceived usefulness (PU). A total of 380 questionnaires were distributed for internet banking customers and 336 were returned (resulting 88.42 percentage of response rate). The results confirm that the all six dimensions (Website attribute, Reliability, Responsiveness, Fulfillment, Efficiency and Privacy) are distinct constructs. The results also indicate that internet banking service quality consisting of six dimensions has appropriate reliability and each dimension has a significant relationship with internet banking service quality. The efficiency of banking website is the important aspect of internet banking service quality. The finding found that the relationship between internet banking service quality, perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness are significant. This study proposes a model to understand the effect of internet banking service quality on perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness in developing country. The constructs truly reflect the dynamism of customers’ banking relationship and a better understanding the attitude on internet banking will help the bankers in implementing more effective marketing strategies.
Effect of pricing strategies on customer retention among small scale metal me...AI Publications
Consumer buying behavior has become polarized phenomenon and this impact their on price decisions as well as well as performance of the metal fabricators or sellers. Thispapersought to investigate the effect of pricing strategies on customer retention among small Scale Metals mechanics and Fabricators in Mwanza City, Tanzania. This was guided by three specific objectives which were to: examine the effects of value-based pricing strategy on customer retention among small scale metal mechanics and fabricators, determine the effects of competition-based pricing strategy on customer retention among small scale metal mechanics and fabricator and determine the effects of cost-based pricing strategy on customers’ retention among small scale metal mechanics and fabricator. It adopted a mixed approach method .With a target population of 570 small scale metalwork operators, 228 responded to the questionnaire and interviewed seven owners/operators. A multiple regression analysis was utilized to test the relationship between independent and dependent variables. The study found that the adoption of a value-based pricing practice, competition-based pricing practice, and cost -based pricing practice by management has significant impact to small scale metalwork operators. In particular, the study revealed that the use of value-based pricing, competition-based pricing and cost-based pricing strategies has enormous contribution on customer retention among small scale metal mechanics and fabricators in Mwanza City. It was found that the small scale mechanics and fabricators use these pricing strategies interchangeably depending on the market situation.
The Influence of Sales Promotion and Brand Image toward the Purchasing Decisi...YogeshIJTSRD
The aim of this research is to know the influence of sales promotion and brand image to Shopee platform toward consumer purchasing decision by students in FISIP Slamet Riyadi Surakarta. The method uses survey. This research includes as quantitative explanative research. Research population is students of FISIP Slamet Riyadi Surakarta who buy products through Shopee. Technique sampling in nonprobability uses accidental sampling with 96 respondents. Technique of collecting data is questionnaire as primer data and files, documents as seconder data. Validity data test uses moment product test and reliability data test uses cronbach alpha test. Analysis technique uses multiple regressions analysis by doing classic assumption test. The result shows that, as simultanouesly, both of free variables influence purchasing decision, while, as individually, sales promotion does not give influence to purchasing decision as 0,848. Then, brand image gives significant influence to purchasing decision as 0,004. Nurnawati Hindra Hastuti | Andri Astuti Itasari "The Influence of Sales Promotion and Brand Image toward the Purchasing Decision in Shopee Platform" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd43905.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/social-science/43905/the-influence-of-sales-promotion-and-brand-image-toward-the-purchasing-decision-in-shopee-platform/nurnawati-hindra-hastuti
Importance of Perceived Brand Ranking for B2B Customers in Making High Risk P...IOSRJBM
Brand Building and Brand promotions are undoubtedly means of generating large revenues in today’s B2B industrial market. However, due to globalization and access to multiple information data base, the organizations with equal brand equities and brand image exists in the Industrial segments. Therefore, it become extremely difficult for the Buying Center in B2B segment to arrive quickly on the purchasing decision. Therefore, in today’s intense marketing era, a deliberate attempt is needed to improve the perceived Brand Ranking in the minds of buying center. Strong brand ranking thus has become a very important factor that influences customer perceptions of a brand. In the success of Brand Management, Brand ranking is gaining significant importance alongwith brand equity from understanding and managing them correctly. Today’s marketing professionals need to pay deliberate attention to Brand ranking so as to produce strong attributes that will influence customers when making their choices.This research paper focuses on the importance brand ranking and how it is being perceived by B2B customers while making purchasing decision. This is based on the assumption that the other dimensions such as brand promotions, brand equity are at the same level and the customers knowingly and unknowingly makes a comparison based on the rank of the brand.However, this research paper aims to find out if the perceived financial and business risks in the minds of the members of buying center significantly impacts the perceived Brand Ranking. Brand awareness was treated separately from other dimensions because of the difference in scale.A structured questionnaire was constructed to provide answers to our research question. In this study, one hundred questionnaires were distributed, but only eightytwo questionnaires were received out of which seventy six has been realized. The study surveyed four dimensions of perceived risk, value proposition, brand Imageand brand ranking of two top brands in lubricants. Among these dimensions, brand image appears to have the least brand ranking rating by consumers than the other dimensions. However, all these dimensions more or less influence the perceived brand ranking by the customer.
An Empirical Study on the Mediating Effect of E-Service Recovery Satisfaction...iosrjce
In the era of Internet and the accelerating rate of using the e-context as a marketing tool by wide
range of companies, customer retention becomes a crucial element in firm’s survival. Losing customers to
competitors in e-context is a constant threat as it is a click away .The current study aims at at investigating the
influence of five customer factors namely; E-Trust, Prior Experience, Customer’s Perception of Feedback, ELoyalty
and Digital Awareness on Customer Retention. The study has investigated whether E-Service Recovery
Satisfaction (E-SRS) has a mediating role on these relations in Airline Industry in Malaysia. A questionnaire is
designed as a data collection tool. The unit of analysis is Malaysian passengers who used the local Airlines and
faced a service failure. Sequential Equation Modeling is employed to analyze the data collected using closedended
multiple choice questionnaire.
Review on Smart Dairy ERP System Based on Android ApplicationYogeshIJTSRD
Dairy is one of the biggest agribusinesses in India and a significant contributor to Indian economy. It operates round the year to deliver milk and other dairy products to every human being. It is one the industries that still relies heavily on regional supplies, mostly from the rural areas. In regards to the dairy industry, Indian markets with the greatest growth potential are also among the least developed in infrastructure and consumer awareness. Though large scale dairies like Gokul have automated and latest technology at their disposal, the small scale and mid scale dairies are still intimidated by the use of technology mostly because of the cost and complexity of the IT systems. Hence, making the process much more labouring, inefficient and error prone. Dairy production faces multiple challenges, most of these challenges are related to the supply chain, at the level of dairy farms and milk collection. One of the most common and alarming challenges is deception of farmers by the upper management in the dairies. The dairy farmers suffer from financial loss as they are often deceived by collection center owners into paying higher commissions and the dairy administrators are unaware of it. So in order to earn a profit, dairy farmers turn to options like adulteration of milk which declines the milk quality. This can be avoided by having an integrated system. An ERP system will ensure that the farmers will get paid fair prices, the collection center owners get their commission accordingly and the dairy administrator can manage all this with ease. This will make the dairy industry more reliable and profitable. Miss. Shailja S. Panhalkar | Miss. Vanashri S. Shinde | Miss. Rucha D. Patil "Review on Smart Dairy ERP System Based on Android Application" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd43920.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/world-wide-web/43920/review-on-smart-dairy-erp-system-based-on-android-application/miss-shailja-s-panhalkar
The internet is being developed rapidly since last two decades, and with relevant digital economy that is driven by information technology also being developed worldwide. After a long term development of internet, which rapidly increased web users and highly speed internet connection, and some new technology also have been developed and used for web developing, those lead to firms can promote and enhance images of product and services through web site. Therefore, detailed product information and improved service attracts more and more people changed their consumer behaviour from the traditional mode to more rely on the internet shopping. On the other hand, more companies have realized that the consumer behaviour transformation is unavoidable trend, and thus change their marketing strategy. As the recent researches have indicated that, the internet shopping particularly in business to consumer (B2C) has risen and online shopping become more popular to many people. According to the report, The Emerging Digital Economy II, published by the US Department of Commerce, in some companies, the weight of e-commerce in total sales is quite high. For instance, the Dell computer company have reached 18 million dollars sales through the internet during the first quarter of 1999. As a result, about 30% of its 5.5 billion dollars total sales were achieved through the internet (Moon, 2004). Therefore, to understand internet shopping and its impact on consumer behaviour could help companies making use of it as a form of doing e-business.
There are many reasons for such a rapid developing of internet shopping, which mainly due to the benefits that internet provides. First of all, the internet offers different kind of convenience to consumers. Obviously, consumers do not need go out looking for product information as the internet can help them to search from online sites, and it also helps evaluate between each sites to get the cheapest price for purchase. Furthermore, the internet can enhance consumer use product more efficiently and effectively than other channels to satisfy their needs. Through the different search engines, consumers save time to access to the consumption related information, and which information with mixture of images, sound, and very detailed text description to help consumer learning and choosing the most suitable product (Moon, 2004). However, internet shopping has potential risks for the customers, such as payment safety, and after service. Due to the internet technology developed, internet payment recently becomes prevalent way for purchasing goods from the internet. Internet payment increase consumptive efficiency, at the same time, as its virtual property reduced internet security. After service is another way to stop customer shopping online. It is not like traditional retail, customer has risk that some after service should face to face serve, and especially in some complicated goods.
This research aims to study consumer’s behavior on buying online car casualty insurance. The sample group was 400 respondents which were selected by convenience sampling method. Questionnaires were used as a research instrument while chi square was used as a statistical tool for the hypothesis testing.The research revealed two major findings which were 1)there were significant differences between customer’s technological acceptance and consumer’s behavior on buying online car casualty insurance and 2) there were significant differences between customer’s trust and consumer’s behavior as well.
PREDICTIVE BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE: CONSUMER GOODS SALES FORECASTING USING ARTI...IAEME Publication
Business competition between manufacturing businesses in Indonesia is getting
tighter along with the development of businesses from competing companies that have
similar businesses. One strategy that can be applied by this company is Business
Intelligence, that is by utilizing the data that is already available to help in better
decision making, such as decisions based on facts stored in the data, precisely namely
the lack of errors in the presentation of reports, and fast that is, cut down on the time
for making the usual report. The method proposed by the author is a method that can
be used to predict sales value based on existing sales data (sales forecasting). By
implementing Business Intelligence and data mining, companies can learn from the
data that has been collected, can evaluate the performance of the sales department,
can understand market trends from the products sold, and can predict future sales
levels. In addition, Business Intelligence can display detailed transaction data
recapitulation quickly.
Effects of Supply Chain Management Practices On The Performance Of Banks In K...Editor IJCATR
The paper examines the adoption of the Supply Chain Management practices on the performance
of Banks in Kenya. This research conceptualizes and develops four dimensions of SCM practice
(outsourcing of goods & services, information & communication technology, strategic supplier
partnership, and globalization) and tests the relationships between SCM practices, and
organizational performance. The study employed descriptive design. Data for the study was
collected using a self-administered questionnaire procedure, where the questionnaires were
administered to the selected respondents through drop and pick later technique. A sample size of
33 respondents was drawn from the sample frame using simple stratified random sampling
technique to promote the needs for efficiency and representativeness from various branches and
outlets of Postbank as an organization in Nairobi County and the relationships proposed in the
framework was tested using Chi-square, T-test among other statistical tools. Data was analyzed
by aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The study will be useful in the academic
circles as it will contribute immensely towards filling the gaps in knowledge in the area of service
industry. The study found that outsourcing was important to the banks only when the appropriate
methods are employed. It also found that ICT had a major role in determining the performance of
banks as it dictated the mode of transaction and data they displayed to clients. Strategic
partnership was also important based on what it intended to achieve in enhancing the performance
of banks. Lastly, globalization is equally vital as it increases competition and exposes local banks
to global scene to experience how performance of banks can be improved. The study recommends
that correct ICT methods should be applied to promote the competitiveness of banks and improve
performance. Also it recommends that outsourcing be done only if they promote the objectives and
goals of the banking institute.
Online Technology and Marketing of Financial Services in Nigeria: An Impact A...IOSR Journals
This study extracts and analyse basic information from Service providers and customers reporting the performance and challenges of online marketing of financial services in Nigeria. Staff and customers of twelve (12) out of the leading financial institutions in Nigeria, with track records of online activities were purposively sampled with the aid of structured questionnaires, to elicit ex post facto facts for use in this study. The resultant data were analysed with the use of descriptive statistics and Pearson Correlation Coefficient using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS), version 16. The study reveals low impact; meaning the country has not realises her full potentials in harnessing online technology for marketing of financial services. It also reveals incidence of challenges associated with implementation and performance of online marketing of financial services in Nigeria which include fluctuation in online services due to poor infrastructure, high rate of online fraudsters, slim awareness on the part of the customers, e-payment bottleneck, among others. Finally, this study expounds a number of management options to stimulate the impacts of online technology in marketing financial services in Nigeria.
Exploring the Impact of the use of Business Information systems BIS on the or...inventionjournals
Business Information System BIS is considered as a critical tool, which has a major supporter of the economy which use BIS in an effectively manner. Organizations marked experiencing and acceleration towards the use of BIS to support its operations in order to improve performance and achieve superiority over competitors, which is reflected in the organizational effectiveness. This study aims to identify the impact of the use of Business Information Systems BIS on the organizational performance effectiveness in banks in Jordan. The study population are all (23) banks in Jordan. The study instrument distributed a (42) questionnaire to all senior directors in the banks, The questionnaires were analysed using regression, correlation analysis in order to determine the impact of business information systems BIS and its dimensions as an independent variable on the organizational performance effectiveness which is dependent variable in banks in Jordan.. The study outcomes shown that business information system BIS adoption would increase organizational performances, and offering practical suggestions that may ensure the achievement of the objectives to be accomplished by using BIS contributing to organisational effectiveness. Beside, effective use of BIS in banks would maximizing the total value to financial performance. Also Banks in Jordan gives great importance to the use of BIS significantly, in the belief that they contribute to improving the competitive position.
Customer relationship marketing is an emerging customer innovation focused on growing customer’s
satisfaction, retention and loyalty that will culminate into bank profitability. The paper investigated the impact
of investment in implementing customer relationship marketing on the performance of commercial banks in
Nigeria. The study was carried out in Federal capital territory Abuja,
Value Creation in Collaborative Supply Chain Network in Automobile Industry i...Waqas Tariq
ABSTRACT Abstract Purpose : This paper aims to determine the key factors that influence the value based supply chain in the collaborative network of Automotive sector in India and the extent of information sharing in a B2B set up and its implication on business decisions in the Automobile sector. The paper makes an attempt to examine the value creation in the supply chain network of e-commerce based automobile companies. The predominant factors that influence the Collaborative practices of Automobile Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) in Karnataka and their dealership network in the background of e-commerce is thoroughly examined. Design/methodology/approach : In the paper, the systemic and logical analysis of value creation expert research made over the past several years is used and statistical analysis(Exploratory Factor Analysis) has been conducted based on the survey results of perceptions of the dealers assimilated through online survey. Findings : Major empirical findings based on automobile companies’ data analysis vide Exploratory factor analysis allow stating that adoption of e-based collaborative arrangements and information sharing based on trust and long term alliance between partners enhances the value creation and results in the improvement in Supply chain management. It thus results in: Savings in cost, Timely decisions based on superior information, Better and positive relationships with Manufacturer-Suppliers and Dealers, Superior and strong collaboration, Integrated customer service and Enhancement of ultimate consumer value. Originality value: This paper has thoroughly examined the Collaborative network of the e-commerce based automobile co’s. and empirical findings suggest that the entire supply chain network has reaped the benefits of technology adoption and its impact on business results is tangible which could be evidenced in positive outcomes like improvement in Manufacturer-Supplier-Dealer co-ordination and enhancement of long term customer relations. Research limitations/implications : The presented research work confirms the positive implications of technology on value creation in the supply chain network of e-commerce based automobile companies. Research in this area highlights only the value addition in the collaborative supply chain network in select automobile co’s (OEMs) in Karnataka and their dealership network in India. Broader generalisations could be drawn using this information, by selecting a larger sample size. The future research should be made on the entire industry in the country and by bringing more co’s. and suppliers into the sampling frame. Keywords : Value creation, Collaborative supply chain, Information sharing, Superior collaboration.
CUSTOMERS PERCEPTION TOWARDS CRM PRACTICES ADOPTED BY PUBLIC SECTOR BANKS IN ...IAEME Publication
The CRM practices are adopted to generate better understanding of the customers for product development, segmentation, appropriate targeting, campaign management and maintenance of long term profitable and mutually beneficial relationships with customers. A very small proportion of its potential has been utilized. Today's banking is known as Innovative banking. Driven by new technologies, changing customer preferences, and increased competition, banks have taken to heavy investments in new distribution channels like advance automated teller machines, telephone systems, and online banking, etc. The research work is an empirical study intended to explore the technological revolution that the commercial banks witnessed and how far it has benefited banks to build better customer relationship management (CRM) services of public sector banks.
The Impact of CRM Strategies on Digital Purchasing Decisions A Study of Consu...ijtsrd
As businesses increasingly deploy Customer Relationship Management CRM strategies for personalized customer engagement through newsfeeds, understanding their impact on digital purchasing decisions becomes crucial for online optimization. This study aims to investigate the factors influencing the adoption of CRM, focusing on its impact on customer engagement, specifically through the use of newsfeed features, in the context of digital purchases within the Thai market. Employing a quantitative approach, this study surveys a diverse sample of 478 Thai consumers, considering factors such as age, education, income, gender, and frequency of online engagement. Preliminary findings reveal that education and income significantly influence consumer responses to CRM newsfeeds, impacting their likelihood of making digital purchases. Those with higher education and income levels show a greater tendency to engage with CRM content, translating these interactions into digital transactions. The study also explores the nuanced impact of gender, status, and media preferences on digital purchases within the CRM newsfeed context. Initial results suggest a limited influence of these factors on consumer behavior in the Thai market, highlighting the need for CRM strategies tailored to demographic characteristics. This research offers valuable insights for businesses seeking to refine their CRM approaches, enhancing customer engagement and optimizing digital purchases in the dynamic online marketplace. Natworadee Chinnapakjarusiri | Tanpat Kraiwanit | Aishath Rafiyya "The Impact of CRM Strategies on Digital Purchasing Decisions: A Study of Consumer Engagement via Newsfeeds in the Thai Market" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62400.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/market-economy/62400/the-impact-of-crm-strategies-on-digital-purchasing-decisions-a-study-of-consumer-engagement-via-newsfeeds-in-the-thai-market/natworadee-chinnapakjarusiri
Strategic Sensitivity and Innovative Capabilities of Software Development Com...ijtsrd
This work tends to review the issues of strategic sensitivity and innovative capability among software development companies in South South, Nigeria. Innovative capability is define as the holistic, comprehensive, and all encompassing ability of an entire organization to respond to changes in the business environment with actions that deliver real value to the organization. Strategic sensitivity describes organizations' scanning ability and knowledge development about its context, the internal assessment of its capacities and its alignment of functions and behavior in a manner that advances it towards its goals and objectives. The issue that this works intends to address is the negligence that is given to the contextual business issues which has led to lose of sensitive data, disruption of work, damage to the brand image, and company reputation. Findings revealed that strategic sensitivity relatewith innovative capability among software development companies in south south, Nigeria. The study conclude that for organization to be able to stay relevant such a firm must ensure that its operations efficiency, management capability and personnel must be competent to allow for the organization to be able to achieve its goals and objectives. Therefore, we recommend that software development companies should have the right staff with the proper skills and competencies if the will want to stay relevant in the software development industry. Also modern management styles and operational techniques must be put in place for a better and sustainable advantage. Agbeche, Aaron | Lawrence, Damiete Onyema | Okechukwu, Prince Jumbo | Elechi, Bobby Chime "Strategic Sensitivity and Innovative Capabilities of Software Development Companies in South-South, Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47706.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/strategic-management/47706/strategic-sensitivity-and-innovative-capabilities-of-software-development-companies-in-southsouth-nigeria/agbeche-aaron
Perceived Influence of Perceived Salesperson Relationship and Customer Satisf...ijtsrd
The telecommunications industry is fast growing and continues to attract competition. This makes it essential for telecommunication stakeholders to ensure retention of their current customers, in order to wade off patronising other networks. This among other reasons informed the study to investigate the influence of perceived salesperson relationship and customer satisfaction on customer retention of telecommunications Network users. The study adopted cross sectional survey research design and gathered data from two hundred and forty two 242 telecommunications users in Ibadan metropolis. Data was gathered through well designed questionnaire, comprising of different standardized scale of measurements. Frequency distribution revealed that more of the respondents 57.4 were males, while the other 42.6 were females. Findings revealed that there exists significant relationship between customer retention and salesperson relationship among telecommunications network users in Ibadan r = .46 P .01 . Also, there exists significant relationship between customer satisfaction and salesperson relationship among telecommunications network users in Ibadan r = .65 P .01 . When combined, salesperson interaction relationship and customer satisfaction accounted for about 8 variance in customer retention among telecommunications network users in Ibadan.From the findings, it was recommended that more policies should be put in place which will favour retaining customers. This will continue to retain the culture of retention to the product of the telecommunications service providers. Ojo Adeshina Akinwumi | Obi Ugochukwu. E "Perceived Influence of Perceived Salesperson Relationship and Customer Satisfaction on Customer Retention of Telecommunications Network Users" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-5 , August 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31807.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/consumer-behaviour/31807/perceived-influence-of-perceived-salesperson-relationship-and-customer-satisfaction-on-customer-retention-of-telecommunications-network-users/ojo-adeshina-akinwumi
Enhancing Business Value through Competitive Advantage Strategies in the Onli...ijtsrd
Market actors are always developing business strategies to address the dynamics of economic change as a result of the altered market interpenetration brought about by globalization. Investigating the effect of business strategy on increasing business value through a competitive advantage approach is the goal of this study. The data was examined using linear regression with the intervening model after convenience sampling was utilized to choose 100 businessmen from Surakartas online retail industry. According to the research findings, business strategy has a significant effect on competitive advantage, competitive advantage has a significant effect on business value, and business strategy has a significant effect on increasing business value through a competitive advantage strategy, indicating that increasing business value is the main goal of implementing strategy in business and products with uniqueness accompanied by innovation. Asih Handayani | Adcharina Pratiwi | Dasmadi "Enhancing Business Value through Competitive Advantage Strategies in the Online-Based Fashion Industry in Surakarta" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-1 , February 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd52694.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/development-economics/52694/enhancing-business-value-through-competitive-advantage-strategies-in-the-onlinebased-fashion-industry-in-surakarta/asih-handayani
Strategic Cost and Activating Competitive Advantageijtsrd
This study aimed to identify the Role of Strategic Costs (SCs) in Activating Competitive Advantage (Field Study in the Paints Companies - Khartoum State). The study tested two hypotheses which are: There is a significant relation between (SCs) and the Activating of the Competitive Advantage in the Sudanese Paints Companies in Khartoum State, there is a significant relation between (SCs) and the reduction of production costs in the Sudanese Paints Companies in Khartoum State. Researchers distributed (40) questionnaire forms among some of the workers in the field selected randomly (33) Forms were collected as 83%. Statistical package of social sciences programmer (SPSS) used for analyzing data. The study reached some findings from which: the strategic costs contribute in reducing costs during the products design stage, the companies has awareness in analyzing the competitive advantage situation to the competitors costs structure, the paints companies in Khartoum work to improve its operations and products continuously to decrease costs, Some of the study recommended to: there is necessity in applying the strategic cost methods together to activate the competitive advantage continuously , to do more studies in all the Sudanese industrial companies to the benefit of adopting the strategic cost in decreasing costs and to support the competitive advantage. Dr. Abubkr Ahmed Elhadi Abdelraheem | Dr. Badreldin Elhadi Ahmed Serajeldin | Aldouma Abdallah Abdalrahman Jedo"Strategic Cost and Activating Competitive Advantage" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-4 , June 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd147.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/147/strategic-cost-and-activating-competitive-advantage/dr-abubkr-ahmed-elhadi-abdelraheem
CUSTOMERS SATISFACTION TOWARDS CRM PRACTICES ADHERED BY PUBLIC SECTOR BANKS I...IAEME Publication
In a country, banking sector servers as the foundation on which the pillars of economic growth and development can be constructed. With the major reforms in banking sector, the scenario of bank market has been changed. Target market of banking sector has become highly competitive, dynamic and fragmented. Hence, there is a need for a shift from the transactional marketing strategy to relationship-based marketing strategy in all the banks. The current study attempts to conduct a study of deployment of CRM Practices Adopted by Public Sector Banks in E-Banking Era specific to an Indian Public sector bank, The research objective involves describing how the selected bank is deploying the CRM Best Practices toward building relationships with their customers.
This study investigated the Effect of Market Segmentation on the performance of Micro, Small and
Medium Scale Enterprises (MSMEs) in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue state Nigeria
Abstract
The study examines the effect of corporate information on equity investors' decision making in listed non-financial firms in Nigeria. The population comprises all the listed non-financial firms in Nigeria and a filtering sampling technique was used to arrive at forty-eight (48) sampled firms covering the periods of 2012 to 2019. The hypotheses were tested using the Robust Fixed effect (RE) regression model after conducting some diagnostics tests like Pearson correlation, Variance Inflator Factor, Heteroscedasticity and Hausman Specification. The results show that firm growth (FG) and firm size (FS) have a significant positive effect on market price of shares (MPS) of quoted non-financial firms in Nigeria for the period under review. The study recommends among others, that the management of non-financial firms in Nigeria should put the growth level of their firms into consideration by ensuring a consistent increase in the value of their revenues yearly to attract more investments from the equity investors in the capital market. Their five-year growth rate should also be provided to all the stakeholders in their financial statements. Also, the non-financial firms should consolidate their firms to form a large capital base that would make them take advantage of large scale production to attract more equity investors to their firms in Nigeria.
Keywords: Corporate Information; Equity Investors; Decision Making; Non-Financial Firms
This research aims at identifying the impact of excellence in drawing up the following four marketing mix strategies (Product, Pricing, Promotion and Distribution) of the small and medium enterprises in Jordan, in terms of their marketing performance in its dimensions (Sales Growth, Profit Growth, Customer Attraction and Customer Retention).In order to reach the results of this study, A total of (187) valid questionnaire surveys were collected from companies belong to the SME Association in Jordan. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) approach was used to analyze the collected data. The empirical results indicated there is a significant relationship between the building of marketing strategies of the marketing mix elements in the Jordanian SME and their marketing performance, by (sales growth, profit growth, customer attraction, and customer retention) dimensions. Consequently, decision makers in small and medium organizations need to choose strategies based on their target market to the positive impact on the mind of the consumer, which in turn could improve modern scientific methods in SME to divide their markets into sub-market sectors.
Similar to Competitive Intelligence and Organizationa Performance in Selected Deposit Money Banks in South-East, Nigeria (20)
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
ESC Beyond Borders _From EU to You_ InfoPack general.pdf
Competitive Intelligence and Organizationa Performance in Selected Deposit Money Banks in South-East, Nigeria
1. @ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 1 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2017 Page: 105
ISSN No: 2456 - 6470 | www.ijtsrd.com | Volume - 1 | Issue – 6
International Journal of Trend in Scientific
Research and Development (IJTSRD)
International Open Access Journal
Competitive Intelligence and Organizationa Performance in
Selected Deposit Money Banks in South-East, Nigeria
Ndubuisi-Okolo Purity Uzoamaka
Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management
Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State
Theresa Anigbogu
Department of Corperative Economy, Faculty of
Management Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe
University, Awka, Anambra State
Ike Ijeoma Chidimma.
Department of Accountancy, School of Business
Education, Federal College of Education,
Umunze, Anambra State
ABSTRACT
This research investigates competitive intelligence
and organizational performance in Nigeria with a
particular reference to deposit money banks in South-
East, Nigeria. The invisibility of competitive
intelligence units in these banks necessitated this
research. The objectives of this study are: To
empirically investigate the influence of competitor
intelligence on market share and the effect of
customer intelligence on quality service delivery.
Survey research design was adopted. The data
generated were analyzed using Simple Regression
Analysis. The results revealed that competitor
intelligence had a significant positive influence on
market share and also customer intelligence had a
significant positive effect on quality service delivery.
The study recommended that Banks should establish
competitive intelligence departments that will
frequently help them gather relevant and timely
information about their competitors and customers so
as to enable them formulate strategies and make
informed and effective decisions at all times.
Keywords: Competitive intelligence, competitor
intelligence, customer intelligence, market share
quality service delivery and organizational
performance.
1. INTRODUCTION
The development of competitive intelligence was
propelled by global competition; the emphasis on
quality management and the realization by banks that
actionable intelligence is a key towards competitive
advantage. It was developed in the mid-1990s as a
broad category of software tools and solutions for
gathering, consolidating, analyzing and providing
access to data in such a way that enables
organizations make better and effective business
decisions. The adoption of CI within organizations
has significantly contributed towards the sharing of
ideas, addressing competitive dynamics, identifying
new opportunities and avoiding surprises.
Competitive Intelligence is perceived as an answer to
the contemporary needs of organizations for strategic
decision-making with intensive use of Modern
Information Technology. Competitive intelligence has
become significant in management discipline and
strategic management (Zangoueinezhad and
Moshabaki 2008). The goal of this activity is to
provide actionable intelligence that will provide a
competitive edge to the organization (Kahaner, 1998).
By analyzing the capabilities, vulnerabilities,
intentions and moves of competitors, competitive
intelligence allows an enterprise to anticipate market
developments proactively. Peltoniemi and Vuori
(2008) point out that through CI, enterprises aim to
acquire relevant and accurate knowledge about the
2. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 1 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2017 Page: 106
actions and plans of competitors on which managers
can base their decisions. The whole intent of
competitive intelligence is to better understand
customers, markets, regulators, competitors and so
forth, to create new opportunities and forecast
changes in the quest for sustainable competitive
advantage (Calof, 2006).
This is because organizations face intense competition
caused by hyper-competitive business environment
fraught with advances in technology, competitors’
actions and inactions, customers’ preferences and
needs, political turmoil and government regulations.
Sequel to this development, organizations seek for
ways of gaining competitive advantage in the midst of
these variables that create additional challenges for
them. These challenges have propelled organizations
to look for tools that provide a competitive advantage
(Weiss and Naylor 2010). Competitive intelligence
becomes a suitable tool that provides a competitive
advantage to organizations and aid decision-makers
(Fleisher and Wright 2009; Haataja 2011).
Competitive Intelligence is an ethical process of
obtaining timely, reliable and relevant information on
the competitive environment for use in organizational
decision-making. It is obvious that only when
organizations stay ahead of competitors through
competitive intelligence practices that profitability,
survival, business success, productivity, increased
market share, quality service delivery, customer
satisfaction and innovation are actually realized. That
is why the key to any successful strategy is the ability
to identify, develop and sustain a competitive
advantage with reference to its competitors. This is
because our competitors deserve thorough monitoring
so as to achieve competitive edge.
Consequently, honest recognition of changes’ entity
and market, competition, technology, innovation,
customers’ behavioral patterns, and the prediction of
future trends are necessary for competition (Gabbar,
2007).This is due to the fact that Nigerian Banking
Industry is characterized by lower switching costs,
increasing regulations, and growing customers’ needs
for speedy, efficient and accurate service delivery.
Managing information is a challenge that requires
decision-making process built on timely, reliable and
accurate data since knowledge translated into
intelligence is the hallmark of competitive advantage.
But, the changes in the external environment of
business have made some banks victims to their
competitors with some of them being forced to
retrench their staff or reduce their number of branches
as a way of coping with the intense competition. This
depicts that an enterprise cannot only rely on its rivals
but, on the whole general business environment
comprising of markets, products, technology,
customers, etc.
Several studies have emphasized the importance of
competitive intelligence as a natural source to obtain
competitive advantage and also as a strategic
management tool of improving organizational
performance. It plays a great role in providing the
information necessary to forecast future trends in
order to create a successful quality service to
customers (Mockers, 2006).This successful quality
service leads to customer retention especially in the
banking industry where competition is the order of the
day. According to Bose (2008), it is a vital component
of an enterprise’s strategic planning and management
process. Furthermore, Bose and Hesford (2008) state
that the primary output of CI is its ability to make
forward-looking decisions. Hill and Scott (2004) state
that competitive intelligence and its effective
management advances efficiency, improve the quality
of outputs and decision-making process and, thus,
reducing the risk of business failure. Carakanti (2005)
admits that there is a significant positive relationship
between competitive intelligence and business
success.
Competitive intelligence is not only desired, but it is
also a requirement for the survival of the Nigerian
Banking Industry characterized by intense
competition, high technological innovation, powerful
customers with diverse requirements, and continuous
regulatory policies among other factors. For banks to
survive, therefore, there is need to adapt to the
environment to achieve better customer service
delivery, increased market share and customer
satisfaction using competitive intelligence. As a
service organization, customer quality service and
satisfaction is the prime concern of any bank. In view
of this assertion, Stafford (1996) admits that due to
the fact that banks sell undifferentiated products, the
only effective tool they can employ to survive is the
quality of service which they offer to their customers.
Bowen and Hedges (1993) agreeing with Stafford
(1996) claim that banks that offer very high quality
services have a competitive advantage because the
benefits of improved quality of services are large
market shares, increase in profits and increase in
customer retention. It, therefore, becomes crystal clear
that quality service and customer satisfaction are the
most important indicators of cementing relationship
3. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 1 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2017 Page: 107
between the organization and its customers. This is
because, in today’s business environment, the
traditional passive role of the customer in market
transactions has shifted towards a more active stance
because of information availability, globalization, and
access to diverse networks (Prahalad and
Ramaswamy, 2004).With the internet, the customers
can easily access, select, and compare information
concerning the available offer of products and
services. This scenario offers them greater
opportunity for choice-making, making them less
loyal to a particular financial institution, and more
demanding of products and services that satisfy their
specific needs and time schedules (Ehikhamenor,
2003). In addition, they spare no efforts in searching
for high quality services (Strategic direction, 2007).
Therefore, providing prompt and efficient service
delivery is necessary for banks not only to attract new
customers but also to retain existing ones (Adewoye,
2013). In addition, customers’ needs, choices,
preferences and awareness have also changed rapidly.
All of these changes have made it imperative for
business organizations which include the Nigerian
banking industry and their managers to begin to
rethink new, better and more effective ways of doing
business more profitably at a reduced cost. This calls,
perhaps, for a thorough environmental scanning that
can help foresee and control the negative effects of
competition in the banking industry by the simple
application of competitive intelligence. In the light of
the foregoing, this study seeks to examine the
influence of competitive intelligence on
organizational performance in selected deposit money
banks in South-East, Nigeria.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Competitive intelligence is not only desired, but it is
also a requirement for the survival of the Nigerian
Banking Industry characterized by intense
competition, high technological innovation, lower
switching costs, powerful customers with diverse
requirements, and continuous regulatory policies
among other factors. All organizations including the
service industry are struggling to meet the tough and
new competitive standards in speed, quality,
efficiency and increased market share in order to
become more competitive and flexible to meet
customers’ desired standard. This is because
customers’ needs, choices, preferences and awareness
have also changed rapidly. But, the changes in the
external environment of business have made some
banks victims to their competitors, with some of them
being forced to retrench their staff or reduce their
number of branches as a way of coping with the
intense competition. Many organizations have focused
their application of competitive intelligence on faulty
information and assumption that tend to undermine
quality products, efficient service delivery,
competitive prices, market share, customers
satisfaction and retention. Also, the invisibility of
intelligence units in these banks is a major challenge
confronting the banking industry. Intelligence units
ought to be highly visible components of corporate
organizations as these units are visualized as essential
in practice. It is obvious that many established
enterprises traditionally place the CI unit under other
functions such as marketing and sales thereby limiting
its scope to a narrow functional focus.
Apart from invisibility of intelligence structure, there
is paucity of study on how various components of
competitive intelligence influence the numerous
indicators of performance such as productivity,
market share, innovation, quality service delivery,
customer satisfaction and business success.
But, without a proper intelligence structure in
organizations, it is difficult to develop competitive
intelligence unit thereby creating room for faulty
information to be generated which will mar effective
and efficient decision-making process of the
organization. This is because organizations rely more
on information and knowledge since sustained growth
and competitive authority are derived from
knowledge.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The broad objective of this research is to determine
the effect of competitive intelligence on
organizational performance in selected deposit money
banks in South-East, Nigeria.
Specifically, the study sought to:
i. Ascertain the influence of competitor intelligence
on market share in deposit money banks in South
East, Nigeria.
ii. Assess the effect of customer intelligence on
quality service delivery in deposit money banks
in South East, Nigeria.
1.4 Research Questions
The following research questions were posed to
address the study hypotheses:
4. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 1 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2017 Page: 108
i. What is the influence of competitor intelligence
on market share in deposit money banks in South
East, Nigeria?
ii. What is the effect of customer intelligence on
quality service delivery in deposit money banks
in South East, Nigeria?
1.5 Research Hypotheses
In order to resolve the problems and actualize the
aims of this study, hypotheses are articulated which
are subjected to test. The hypotheses are:
i. Competitor intelligence has a significant
influence on market share in deposit money
banks in South East, Nigeria.
ii. Customer intelligence has a significant effect on
quality service delivery in deposit money banks
in South East, Nigeria.
1.5 Significance of the Study
This research will be of tremendous benefit to
organizations, mangers, employees, stakeholders,
seasoned scholars, business practitioners, policy
makers, government and most importantly, the
general public at large. This is because we are in an
era of intense competition where survival, to a large
extent, hinges on the availability of timely and
relevant information in order to remain competitive in
the hyper-technology sophisticated competitive
environment. However, the central hub of competitive
intelligence is to improve decision-making process
since it is only effective decisions that can lead to
gaining competitive advantage, which enable myriads
of organizations, most specifically, the service
industry like the banking sectors to remain
competitive in ever-dynamic business environment.
These aforementioned organizations/persons will
benefit in the following ways:
Managers, employees and stakeholders in the banking
industry will get to understand the crucial role that
competitive intelligence plays whenever it is applied
in decision-making. Moreover, the various processes
of competitive intelligence x-rayed in this work will
be an eye-opener to people as such will provide
timely and relevant information that will enable them
to outwit their competitors from the external business
environment. It will also help managers to maximize
opportunities inherent in both internal and external
business environment, as well as, minimize threats
accruing from the environment.
1.7 Scope of the Study
This study hinges on competitive intelligence and
organizational performance in selected deposit money
banks in south-East, Nigeria. The work laid emphasis
on two key components of competitive intelligence
that influence various aspects of the organization-
Competitor intelligence and customer intelligence.
The organizational performance variables include
market share and quality service delivery. The
geographical scope of this work is South-East
consisting of Enugu, Anambra, Imo, Ebonyi and Abia
State. The ten deposit money banks selected for this
research include Zenith Bank, Diamond Bank,
Guarantee Trust Bank, First Bank Plc, Access Bank,
First City Monument Bank, Fidelity Bank, United
Bank for Africa, Stanbic Bank Plc and Sterling Bank.
2.1 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
2.1.1 Meaning of Competitive Intelligence
De Pelsmacker, Muller, Viviers, Saayman, Cuyvers,
and Jegers (2005) stipulate that competitive
intelligence is actionable recommendations arising
from a systematic process involving planning,
organizing, assessing and disseminating information
on the competitive environment for opportunities, or
developments that have the potential to affect an
organization’s competitive situation. Calof and
Skinner’s (1999) view is closely related; they state
that “at its most basic description, intelligence is
processed information. They articulate competitive
intelligence as actionable recommendations arising
from a systematic process involving planning,
gathering, analyzing and disseminating information
on the competitive environment for opportunities, or
developments that have the potential to influence an
organization's competitive situation. It is also defined
as “actionable information about the external business
environment that could influence a company’s
competitive position (Ashton and Kalvans, 1997). CI
is conceptualized as “the conversion of raw
information relating to competitive environment into
intelligence to support business decisions” (Hughes,
2005).This implies that competitive intelligence
enhances decision-making in organizations.
Competitive intelligence focuses predominantly on
qualitative research based on a well-developed
process and relying also on a human source network”
(Fouche, 2006). These definitions showcased CI to be
a tool that transforms information into actionable
intelligence that, if used in strategic decision-making,
5. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 1 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2017 Page: 109
could enhance an organization’s competitiveness. In
line with the above definitions, Dutoit (2013) defines
CI as an ongoing, systematic evaluation of the
external environment for opportunities, threats and
developments that could have an effect on the
organization and influences proactive decision-
making. CI is the process of developing actionable
foresight regarding competitive dynamics and non-
market forces that can be used to step up competitive
advantage. CI is concerned with the techniques used
to select and filter information from a variety of
sources, to interpret and analyze it, to communicate it
to the right people and to use it effectively (Xu, Liao,
Li and Song, 2011). Competitive dynamics is
visualized as the origin of an enterprise industry and
the actions and inactions of rivals, suppliers,
customers, alliance partners and potential competitors
(Shih, Liu. and Hsu, 2010). Non-market forces such
as government regulation, laws, tariffs and the culture
of a country impact competitive dynamics but are not
suppliers of products or services to the industry
(Prescot, 1999). CI uses legally and ethically public
sources to assess the strengths and weaknesses of a
company’s competitors.
Competitive intelligence (CI) is a process of gathering
usable knowledge about the external business
environment. It hinges on transforming competitive
information into the intelligence needed for tactical or
strategic decisions linking to the business
environment. Therefore, CI is all about ‘managing the
whole competitive arena (Fleisher and Bensoussan,
2003). Every organization needs to know its own
competitors, and then should be able to analyze and
use the information in the decision-making process. In
order to acquire this knowledge about competitors,
many firms have resolved to invest in CI, the legal
and ethical collection, evaluation, and distribution of
information regarding the external environment and
the abilities, vulnerabilities, and intentions of business
competitors. One of the main interests of CI is to
combat blind spots that lead to misconceptions about
how markets operate, what rivals are doing, what
customers desire (Gilad, Gordon and Sudit 1993;
Gilad ; 1994 ).
Competitive Intelligence (CI) is the process by which
organizations gather and use information about
products, customers, and competitors, for their short
and long term strategic planning (Ettorre, 1995). It is
visualized as an important source of information for
business planning and other activities because it
provides information about present and future
behavior of competitors and the general business
environment (Vedder and Guynes, 2002). CI means a
systematic process initiated by organizations in order
to gather and analyze information about competitors
and the general socio-political and economic
environment of the firm (Colakoglu, 2011). It is
conceptualized as a process of monitoring the
competitive environment, with the whole purpose of
providing actionable intelligence that will provide a
competitive edge to the organization (Kahaner, 1998).
Fleisher (2001) prefers to consider the process of CI
in which organizations capture information on
competitors and their environment and applies it in
their decision making process and planning with the
purpose of improving the performance of the
business.
For the purpose of this study, the researcher states
that CI is the legal and ethical gathering of
information from both the internal and external
environment in order to ensure that all the timely,
reliable and relevant information necessary for
effective decision-making which leads to the
actualization of the goals of the organization are
generated. The investigator included internal
information residing within the organization because
absence of it is a crack as far as decision-making is
concerned. The import of this statement is that proper
understanding of the external environment can be
achieved only when external information is carefully
structured and combined with the internal know-how
of the organization.
2.1.2 Key Components of Competitive Intelligence
2.1.3 Competitor Intelligence
Competitor intelligence, as part of the environmental
scanning, initially introduced by Porter (1980), is
commonly conceived as imperative for decision
making processes (Bromwich, 1990; Chen, 1996;
Webster and Wind, 1972). Nevertheless, literature
unveils that the importance of competitive intelligence
for an effective and efficient decision making and for
competitive actions is often overlooked (Chen, 1996).
‘Competitor intelligence is defined by Lindon (1990)
as the activities organizations employ to determine
and understand their competitors, their strengths and
weaknesses, and at the time, anticipate their actions
and inactions.
Successful companies often monitor their direct
competitors and are aware of their actions and
inactions, successes and failures in order to remain
6. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 1 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2017 Page: 110
competitive in the environment. This competitor
analysis helps create a detailed image of the
competitive environment assessing organizations’
competitive positions and relationships with
competing firms (Chen, 1996). Therefore, competitor
intelligence is gathered, which has the objective ‘to
develop a profile of the nature and success of likely
strategy changes each competitor might make, each
competitor’s probable response to the range of
feasible strategic moves other firms could initiate and
each competitor’s probable reaction to the array of
industry changes and broader environmental shifts
that might occur’ (Porter, 1980). It is explicit that
today’s business environment is fraught with
competitors. Organizations struggle to achieve
competitive edge over other organizations either in
the same line of business or similar businesses. This
enables them to enhance their competitiveness in their
various domains. Choo (2000) states that competitor
intelligence primarily focuses on information about
competitors. This competitor information helps to
anticipate competitive actions and inactions. He
remarks that extensive analysis of the environment
where the information is going to be used is needed in
order to identify information needs well enough. He
says it is valuable to know what is required because it
is a waste of time and resources to gather and analyze
information that decision-makers want but an
organization does not need for success. This is
because the information sources available are
numerous and rapt attention must be paid to their
selection and use. The information generated should
be supplied through suitable and value-adding
information products and services in order that the
gap between the information required and collected
decreases. Business information needs can be
categorized into external and internal information
(Uusi-Rauva, 1994). Internal information comprises
an organization’s specific information relating to
production and sales figures and know-how of
employees whereas external information comprises
information on business environment, technological
advances, competitors, partners, and customer. Choo
(2002) divides information sources into two types:
external information consists of published materials
such as newspaper and journal content, whereas
internal information includes internally generated
material reports. He reminds us that information
sources should be monitored and evaluated in order to
avoid the risk of saturating the system with them. Still
speaking, stresses an employee as the most valuable
source of information but they are seldom taken into
account in planning information gathering. Human
resources generate information from diverse sources
by using senses and interacting socially and therefore
can interpret, summarize, and communicate
information more effectively and efficiently than any
other information system. Finally, Competitor
intelligence focuses on competitors, their capabilities,
abilities, current activities, plans, and intentions.
However, the evolvement of competitive strategy over
time is presented by considering the structural
changes of competitors, replacement of new product
and launching to the industry; it is based on issues
like; pricing policies, alternative product and
improvement policies of rivals (Gabber, 2007). In
other words, the competitors’ intelligence is an
activity that the organization performs to determine
and understand the competitors’ activity, abilities, and
weaknesses so that it can predict the future
performance of the rivals (McGonagle and Vella,
2000.
2.1.4 Customer Intelligence
This examines the market, the buying behavior and
profitability of customers and products. However, the
view of customer intelligence is not so broad or
general; it includes information about individuals.
Collin(1997) defines customer intelligence as
‘’knowledge of customer’s organization,
requirements, purchase activities, strategies and plans
as it relates to the products or services offered by an
industry and to particular purchase decisions. In the
opinion of Davis (2003), customer intelligence aims
to measure the profitability of customers, products,
services and advertisement. This intelligence pictures
the present and future needs of customers as well as
the newly creative opportunities in the market
distribution and shows the major changes that occur in
the marketing and distribution processes. In this
intelligence, we mainly analyze and compile the
information of customers, suppliers, buyers, and
distributors (Gabber, 2007). The customer intelligence
is a function of values of both customers and
stockholders that among financial powers plays a
crucial role in the strategic environments. In other
words, the customer intelligence implies to the present
and potential customers exchanges, characteristics and
their private information along with the knowledge
and information exchange and growing tendencies of
the target society (Cavalcanti, 2005).
7. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 1 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2017 Page: 111
2.1.5 Competitive Intelligence and Organizational
Performance
Several studies have been carried out to establish the
relevance of competitive intelligence and its link with
some indicators of performance in organizations
(Kenneth Wanjau 2012; Cartwright et al. 1995;
Kenneth Wanjau 2012; Yaya, Japheth, A;.Chonna
Andy Umunna and Osisanwo, Tope 2014).
Competitive intelligence is perceived as playing a
crucial role in the drive for competitiveness and
organizational performance. This notion was
conceived because intelligence supports a competitive
advantage and better organizational performance by
permitting better business planning; new product
development, business success, quality service
delivery, customer satisfaction, innovation, increased
productivity and improved market share (Daft et al,
1988; DeWitt et al, 1997; Gordon et al, 1989; Porter,
1980). By analyzing the capabilities, vulnerabilities,
intentions, actions and moves of the competitors,
Competitive intelligence allows banking industry to
anticipate market developments proactively and take
immediate action. This enables them to remain
competitive in a hyper and technology-driven
competitive environment by improving its strategic
decisions (long-term) and, thus, leading to better
performance against its competitors (Bose, 2007) and
to create a defensible position over its competitors
(Porter, 1985; Cardy and Selvarajan, 2006).
Competitive intelligence activities provide actionable
intelligence information which organizations utilizes
in making effective decisions which, in turn,
skyrockets productivity, innovation, quality service
delivery, market share, and competitive advantage
especially in service industries. All these variables are
perceived as some measures of performance in
banking sectors.
The correlation between information technology and
firm performance has been established (Evangelia and
Michalis, 2006; Karima, 2006; Oghojafor, Aduloju
and Olowokudejo, 2011). In the studies conducted by
(Duh, Chow and Chen, 2006; Neirotti and Paolucci,
2007), it was discovered that information technology
affects business performance directly or indirectly.
Several studies suggest that information technology
capabilities provide a ground for gaining competitive
advantage and enhancing organizational performance
(Santhanam and Hartono, 2003; Bhatt & Grover,
2005). It is observed that information technology
capabilities improve service reliability, reduce
transaction errors, and increase consistency in
performance, improve effectiveness and efficiency in
banking industry (Fayol et al, 2000). According to
Kozak and Kowalski (2005) in Mgbemena (2015)
explained that banking services such as electronic
payments, loan deposit or securities have become
largely dependent on ICT and this has increasingly
improved bank performance in terms of profitability
and customer retention. Moreover, the performance of
the banking sector is measured not only by the
number and variety of services provided but also by
speed, accuracy, efficiency and safety with which
products / services are provided through the auspices
of competitive intelligence process. Technology is
important in providing faster and more efficient
services to customers through the simple application
of its intelligence. The developments in the
application of new technologies ICT systems to
banking has been beneficial in terms of services
provided through ATMs, diversification of products
and entry into a new markets (Alabar and Agema,
2014). Peppard and Ward (2004), in their opinions
mention that IT alone cannot be a source of
competitive advantage but opine that if banking
sectors can utilize IT capability embedded in their
organization which are tacit(inherent), they will be
able to outshine their competitors. Also, for banks to
remain competitive, compliance with the emerging
technological needs become imperative in the
dynamic competitive environment.
Nevertheless, the globalization in conjunction with
liberalization of markets coupled with increase in
consumer demands (tastes and preference) in terms of
new products, better service delivery has actually
triggered the application of the concept of competitive
intelligence in organizations. This intelligence process
has really helped to sieve all information to determine
their reliability, authenticity, relevance and import
with respect to decision-making within the
organization. Because of the drive for lower cost
margins and greater efficiency, practically all
organizations are scared of falling victims, hence the
need to effectively integrate this ideal of competitive
intelligence in order to maintain their competitive
stance.
2.2 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
The work is anchored on knowledge based theory of
the firm that support the idea of Competitive
intelligence to provide organization with sustainable
competitive advantage through utilization of internal
and external resources, elicitation of timely and
8. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 1 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2017 Page: 112
relevant information (Santos and Correia, 2010). The
knowledge based theory was propounded by Grant
(1996). The basic principle of this theory is that
knowledge is the most essential resource that
organizations have, as it is context bound, difficult to
copy and, thus a source of sustainable competitive
advantage. This applies well to the competitive
knowledge of the employees that enable them to
outperform their competitors. This is because it is
interpreted in the organization’s context, and the
organization has the best and possibly sole access to
it, if it is hidden from the competitors. This
knowledge about the competitors, customers, markets,
products etc is obtained from the external business
environment. That is why competitive intelligence
which is the hallmark of this discourse hinges on
developing understanding about the external
competitive environment (Badre et al, 2006; Fleisher
and Bensoussan, 2007) in order to gather all the
timely, reliable and relevant information that aids
effective decision-making. However, improving
decision-making process is the major aim of
competitive intelligence geared towards stepping up
productivity, quality service delivery, customer
satisfaction, innovation, efficiency, effectiveness,
business success and market share within
organizations. To buttress on this knowledge
perspective, Mohmood Hemmatfar,Mahdi Salehi and
Marziyeh Bayat (2010) sought to determine
Competitive Advantages and Strategic Information
Systems. The study stressed that knowledge
management is a major element in a competitive
environment. This is because information system has
a vital role in business operation, financial and non-
financial aspect, such as decision-making. Cost
leadership, differentiation and innovation are
perceived as key variables towards achieving a
competitive advantage derived from organization’s
competitive knowledge. This theory remains relevant
to this study because, as we all know; knowledge is
power and the bedrock of success in any organization
that will ever remain competitive in this global
village. The import of this theory is that proper
understanding of the external environment can be
achieved only when external information is carefully
structured and integrated with the internal resources
of the organization which is knowledge.
2.3 EMPIRICAL REVIEW
Tshilidzi Eric Nenzhelele (2014) x-rayed Competitive
Intelligence Location in Small and Medium-Sized
Enterprises. The broad objective of the study is to
establish the location of competitive intelligence
within small and medium-sized enterprises in the City
of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality (CTMM) of
Gauteng Province in South Africa. The CTMM is the
largest municipality in South Africa. It is the capital
city of South Africa and hosts the Union Buildings.
Data were collected from one hundred SMEs from
nine locations in the CTMM using a quota sample. A
quota sample was undertaken due to time and
financial constraints. Locations were sampled in order
to cover both urban and rural areas of the CTMM.
The sample consisted of 74% urban and 26% rural
SMEs in the CTMM. Data were collected using a
questionnaire.
The data collection process began by contacting
SMEs whose contact details were available. SMEs
were contacted either by email or by phone. This was
done to find out if the SMEs were willing to
participate in the survey. For the SMEs that had
access to e-mail, the questionnaire was sent to them
via e-mail. For the SMEs without e-mail access or any
other means of contact; the questionnaires were
printed and hand delivered to them. To establish
SMEs’ practice and awareness of CI, a five-point
Likert scale ranging from “Strongly Disagree” to
“Strongly Agree” was used. The research established
that the majority of these SMEs locate their CI in the
marketing department. This is because most of these
SMEs indicated that their CI is located either in
marketing research or marketing department.
Fatemeh Hadi1,Ardabil, Iran.Habib Ebrahimpour
(2014) investigated the relationship between
technology intelligence and business performance in
industrial city of Ardabil. In this study the effect of
technology intelligence on business performance was
examined. The statistical population of this research
study involved the companies of industrial city of
Ardabil. This study was based on the data collected
from a sample of the managers and engineers in the
late 2012 and early 2013. The data required for
evaluation was gathered through questionnaires and
analyzed by SPSS. The results showed a significant
relationship between technology intelligence and four
aspects of business performance.
Sheila Wright (2011) focused on critical evaluation of
competitive intelligence and insight management
practice. She highlighted her contributions to the field
of Competitive Intelligence & Insight Management
(CI&IM) made through ten articles published between
2002 and 2010. The research projects that involved
9. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 1 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2017 Page: 113
the collection of primary data were carried out within
a qualitative research methodology using a semi-
structured interview or case study method. The
evidence suggested that the overriding influences on
successful CI activity were the existence of a
management style, culture and structure which
encouraged trust, facilitated communication and
encouraged the easy flow of information. The
concluding utopian situation for firms wishing to
undertake CI & IM activity was postulated as one
which displayed the connected behaviour of strategic
attitude, hunter gathering, strategic user, designated
location.
Kenneth Wanjau (2012) sought to investigate
competitive intelligence practices of banks in Kenya
with a specific focus on Equity bank. According to
him, the process of collecting, storing and analyzing
information about the competitive arena results in the
actionable output of intelligence ascertained by the
needs prescribed by an organization. Also, the
relevance of monitoring, understanding and
responding to competitors has long been recognized
as a significant aspect of marketing activity, yet
analysis of the competitive environment seems often
to be subordinated as greater emphasis is placed on
understanding customers and consumers. The study
employed a case study design. The target population
of this study was staff working at Equity in Nairobi
including top management, middle level management
and low level management, of 60 was selected for the
study. The study used a questionnaire to collect
primary data. The data was analyzed using both
qualitative and quantitative techniques. The study
found that for greater profitability of banks in Kenya,
the competitive intelligence practices that should be
applied are mainly product differentiation strategies,
market intelligence, technology intelligence and
strategic alliance. All these strategic intelligence
practices lead to greater profitability and also
reduction in costs for the bank, with technology
intelligence being the highest contributor.
Meryem and Fotios (2009) explored assessing bank
performance with operational research and artificial
intelligence techniques: A Survey. This paper presents
a comprehensive review of 179 studies which employ
operational research and Artificial Intelligence
techniques in the assessment of bank performance.
The investigators first discussed numerous
applications of data envelopment analysis which is the
most widely applied O.R. technique in the field. They
also did in-depth discussion concerning applications
of other techniques such as neural networks, support
vector machines, and multi-criteria decision aid that
have also been used in recent years, in bank failure
prediction studies and the assessment of bank
creditworthiness and underperformance. Also, main
topics of interest such as the relationship between
ownership and efficiency, stock returns and
efficiency, the determinants of efficiency, the
efficiency of bank branches, amongst others were
extensively discussed. Three of the main conclusions
are that: (i) profit efficiency and capacity efficiency
have received quite limited attention in DEA studies
in banking (ii) most studies that use a two-stage DEA
do not employ appropriate bootstrapping techniques,
and their results may be biased (iii) there is much
diversity among studies with respect to the selection
of input and outputs.
Yaya, Japheth;.Chonna, Andy, Umunna and
Osisanwo, Tope (2014) researched on Competitive
intelligence as a tool for effective job performance in
academic library established in the Universities,
Polytechnics, Colleges of Education and other tertiary
institutions in Nigeria It employs descriptive research
method to explain the application of competitive
intelligence to the services rendered by academic
library in any institution of higher learning. At
present, libraries and information centers are
continually developing innovative and creative
services to keep pace with the fast changing society.
ICT developments, particularly those providing easy
access to information on the web, have considerably
increased the expectations of library users, who
expect the same speed, breadth, and
comprehensiveness in information services provided
by libraries. Hence, there is an urgent need for the
introduction of competitive intelligence into the
library and information science profession so as to
enrich the services provided to our clients. The paper
also discuss some services provided by the academic
libraries and highlights how competitive intelligence
could be applied to some basic tasks performed by the
librarians in order to align with the current trends in
the profession. The paper concludes by calling on
Library and Information Science (LIS) professionals
to identify and use a variety of non-traditional
information sources such as competitive intelligence
that would enable the academic library to edge out its
competitors and make library users to develop renew
interest in the services provided by the library in
meeting their information needs.
10. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 1 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2017 Page: 114
3.1 Research Design
This study employed survey research design whose
main aim is to gather detailed and factual information
that describes an existing phenomenon. A survey is a
series of self-report measures administered either
through an interview or a structured questionnaire.
The justification for the adoption of Survey is that it
hinges on description of a phenomenon and involves
questioning individuals on topics and then describing
their responses (Jackson, 2011).It involves gathering
of opinions and information from respondents which
addresses the research objectives and research
questions. Also, the collection of primary data
involves survey or inquiry of one or the other. A
survey is used to scan a wide field of issues, in order
to measure or describe any generalized features. The
dominant methods of the survey designs are the
administration of copies of questionnaire and
interviews.
3.2 Sources of Data
Data for this study were generated from both primary
and secondary sources.
3.2.1 Primary Sources of Data: Are perceived as
first-hand information generated to solve specific
problems. They are data collected specifically for a
purpose. They are usually collected from the field
under the control and supervision of an investigator.
Primary sources include interview, questionnaire and
observations.
3.2.2 Secondary Sources of Data: Are existing data
that have been collected by other researchers for other
purposes but which are essential to the current
research. Secondary data also refers to data that is
used for a purpose other than for which it was
originally generated. It may be descriptive or
explanatory (Saunders, Lewis, & Thornhill 2007), raw
(unprocessed) or summarized. Secondary data for the
research was collected by reviewing textbooks,
journals, articles, magazines, publication and relevant
documented materials from the organizations of
study.
3.3 Population of the Study
The target population of the study comprises both
junior and senior staff of the ten selected banks in
South- East Region of Nigeria. The population status
is 16,265. These banks include Zenith Bank, Diamond
Bank, Guarantee Trust Bank, First Bank plc, Access
Bank, Fidelity Bank, First City Monument Bank,
United Bank for Africa, Stanbic Bank Plc, and
Sterling Bank. The first three were rated top Nigerian
Banks by Customer Satisfaction Index Rating in terms
of customer care, convenience and transaction
methods/systems (KPMG, 2014) while the remaining
seven banks were selected based on their competitive
nature in the banking industry in Nigeria. The
statistical information concerning the selected banks
is given below:
Table 3.1 Breakdown of the Population
Distribution
S/N Selected
Banks
Junior
Staff
Senior
Staff Total
1 Zenith Bank 720
850
1570
2 Diamond
Bank
525 920 1445
3 Guarantee
Trust Bank
580 740 1320
4 First Bank Ng
Plc
840 1000 1840
5 Access Bank 525 745 1270
6 Fidelity Bank 600 750 1350
7 First City
Monument
Bank
960 1050 2010
8 United Bank
for Africa
930 1050 1980
9 Stanbic IBCT
Bank PLC
740 970 1710
10 Sterling Bank 850 920 1770
Total 7270 8995 16,265
Source: Human Resource Department (2015).
3.4 Pilot Survey
A pilot survey was conducted in which one hundred
(100) copies of the questionnaire were randomly
distributed to some staff of the selected banks in
South-East Nigeria. The pilot survey was used to
determine the sample size. Ninety(90) out of the
hundred(100) respondents returned representing 0.90
positive rating while only ten(10) defaulted
representing (0.10) negative response.
3.5 Sample Size Determination and Sampling
Technique
Sampling represents the process of selecting a subset
of observations from among many possible
observations. It ensures that all the elements of the
11. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 1 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2017 Page: 115
population under study are fully represented. The
accuracy of statistical inference relies heavily on the
accuracy of sample and sampling technique. The
Stratified Random Sampling was adopted in this
study. The method was used because of the nature of
the population. This research certified Cooper and
Schinder (2006) criteria for adopting stratified random
sampling technique which include: increased sample’s
statistical efficiency and adequacy of data for
analyzing the various sub-population or strata. In
addition, it was also utilized in this study to ensure
that banks with different numerical strengths are well
represented. The Freund and Williams’s formula as
cited by Agbadudu (2004) was adopted to determine
the sample size for the study. The formula is given
below:
n =Z2
pq
e2
Where:
n = sample size
p = percentage of positive response
q = percentage of negative response
e = margin of error
Z = level of confidence
To generate the p and q values for the simple size
formula, the result of our pilot study was employed.
90 = 0.90. p = 0.90
10 = 0.10. q = 0.10
At e = 0.05 (margin of error), Z = 1.96. Thus, we have
ɳ = (1.960)2
(0.90) (0.10)
(0.025)2
ɳ = 553
ɳ = 553
Table 3.2 below shows the proportional stratification and allocation of the sample 553 to senior and
junior staff of the selected banks.
S/N Selected
Banks
Junior
Staff
Senior
Staff
Sample
size
1
Zenith Bank
NigPlc
553x720/16,265=24 553x850/16,265=29 53
2 Diamond Bank plc 553 x525/16,265=24 553x920/16,265=31 55
3 Guarantee Trust
Bank
553x580/16,265=20 553x740/16,265=25 45
4 First Bank plc 553x840/16265=29 553x1000/16,265=34 63
5 Access Bank 553x525/16265=18 553x745/16,265=25 43
6 Fidelity 553x600/16,265=22 553x750/16,265=25 47
7 First City
Monument Bank
553x960/16,265=34 553x1050/16265=37 71
8 United Bank for
Africa
553x760/16265=25 553x890/16265=30 55
9 Stanbic Bank
IBCT
553x740/16265=26 553x970/16265=33
59
10 Sterling Bank 553x850/16265=29 553x920/16265=31 60
Total 553
Source: Human Resource Department, 2015
12. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 1 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2017 Page: 116
Table 4.1 shows that 502 (91%) of the copies of the questionnaire distributed were returned while 51 (9%) were
not returned and was not used.
4.2 To ascertain the effect of competitor intelligence on market share in deposit money banks in
South-East, Nigeria.
S/No Statement SA
(%)
A
(%)
N
(%)
D
(%)
SD
(%)
Total
1 Competitor information improves our efficiency and
effectiveness
434
86.5%
62
12.4%
5
1.0%
1
0.2%
- 502
2 Understanding competitors strengths and weaknesses
enhances our competitiveness
273
54.4%
222
44.2%
6
0.8%
1
0.2%
- 502
3 We formulate new strategies to outperform our
competitors in a competitive arena
330
65.7%
164
32.7%
1
0.2%
4
0.80
3
0.60
502
4 My organisation employs superior marketing strategy
to improve quality by positioning her brand correctly
337
67.13%
158
31.5%
4
0.8%
1
0.2%
2
0.4
502
5 My organisation receives adequate marketing
information which steps up our volume of sales
343
68.3%
155
30.9%
3
0.6%
- 1
0.2%
502
6 My organisation offers superior value to meet
customers' needs and preferences
328
65.3%
162
32.3%
3
0.6%
4
0.8%
3
0.6%
502
Source: Field Survey (2016)
Item 1 of table 4. 2 Indicates that 434(86.5%) of the
respondents strongly agreed with the Statement that
competitor information improves our efficiency and
effectiveness. 62(12.4%) agreed,5(1.0%) were
undecided,1(0.2%) disagree that competitor
information improves our efficiency and effectiveness
while none was recorded for strongly disagreed.
Item 2 of the table 4.2 states that understanding
competitors’ strengths and weaknesses enhances their
competitiveness. 273(54.4%) strongly agreed with the
statement, 222(44.2%) agreed, 6(0.8%) were
undecided, 1(0.2%) disagreed that understanding
competitors strengths and weaknesses enhances our
competitiveness while none was recorded for strongly
disagreed.
In item 3 of the table 4.2 330(65.7%) of the
respondents strongly agreed that they formulate new
strategies to outperform our competitors in a
competitive arena position, 164(32.7%) agreed,
1(0.2%) were undecided, 4(0.80%) disagreed while
3(0.60%) strongly disagreed that they formulate new
strategies to outperform our competitors in a
competitive arena
In item 4 of the table 4.2 337(67.13%) of the
respondents strongly agreed that organization
employs superior marketing strategy to improve
quality by positioning her brand correctly, 158
(31.5%) agreed, 4(0.8%) were undecided, 1(0.2%)
disagreed while 2(0.4%) strongly disagreed that
organization employs superior marketing strategy to
improve quality by positioning her brand correctly
In item 5 of the table 4.2 343(68.3%) of the
respondents strongly agreed that organization receives
adequate marketing information which steps up our
volume of sales, 155 (30.9%) agreed, 3(0.6%) were
undecided, none was recorded for disagreed while
1(0.2%) strongly disagreed that organization receives
adequate marketing information which steps up our
volume of sales
In item 6 of the table 4.2 328(68.3%) of the
respondents strongly agreed that organization offers
superior value to meet customers' needs and
preferences,162 (32.3%) agreed, 3(0.6%) were
undecided, 4(0.8%) disagreed while 3(0.6%)
strongly disagreed that organization offers superior
value to meet customers' needs and preferences.
13. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 1 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2017 Page: 117
4.5 To assess the effect of customer intelligence on quality service delivery in deposit money banks in
South-East, Nigeria.
S/No Statement SA
%
A
%
N
%
D
%
SD
%
Total
19 I can understand and take advantage of how customers
make purchasing decisions
460
91.6%
32
6.4%
6
1.2%
2
0.4%
2
0.4% 502
20 I am very responsive to my customers' needs 198
39.4%
299
59.6%
3
0.6%
1
0.2%
1
0.2% 502
21 I meet with my customers to discuss their current needs
and assist them in identifying their intelligence
requirements
364
72.5%
128
25.5%
5
1.0%
1
0.2%
4
0.8%- 502
22 We ensure service reliability and minimize transaction
errors in our organization
298
59.4%
194
38.6%
6
1.2%
2
0.4%
2
0.4%
502
23 Improvement in service quality increases our
customers' patronage
284
56.6%
210
41.8%
3
0.6%
1
0.2%
4
0.8%
502
24 Your organization offers good quality service that leads
to customer retention
300
59.8%
189
37.6%
5
1.0%
5
1.0%
3
0.6%
502
Source: Field Survey (2016)
Item 19 of table 4.5 Indicates that 460(91.6%) of the
respondents strongly agreed with the Statement that I
can understand and take advantage of how customers
make purchasing decisions. 32(6.4%) agreed,
6(1.2%) were undecided, 2(0.4%) disagree while
2(0.4%) strongly disagreed that I can understand and
take advantage of how customers make purchasing
decisions.
Item 20 of the table 4.5 states that I am very
responsive to my customers' needs. 198 (39.4%)
strongly agreed with the statement, 299(59.6%)
agreed, 3(0.6%) were undecided, 1(0.2%) disagree
with the statement while 2 (0.2%) strongly disagreed
that I am very responsive to my customers' needs.
In item 21 of the table 4.5, 364 (72.5%) of the
respondents strongly agreed that I meet with my
customers to discuss their current needs and assist
them in identifying their intelligence requirements,
128(25.5%) agreed, 5(1.0%) were undecided, 1(0.2%)
disagreed while 4(0.8%) strongly disagreed that I
meet with my customers to discuss their current needs
and assist them in identifying their intelligence
requirements.
In item 22 of the table 4.5, 298(59.4%) of the
respondents strongly agreed that we ensure service
reliability and minimize transaction errors in our
organization, 194 (38.6%) agreed, 6(1.2%) were
undecided, 2(0.4%) disagreed while 2(0.4%) strongly
disagreed that we ensure service reliability and
minimize transaction errors in our organization.
In item 23 of the table 4.5, 284(56.6%) of the
respondents strongly agreed that Improvement in
service quality increases our customers' patronage,
210 (41.8%) agreed, 3(0.6%) were undecided,
1(0.2%) disagreed while 4(0.8%) strongly disagreed
that improvement in service quality increases our
customers' patronage.
In item 24 of the table 4.5, 300(59.8%) of the
respondents strongly agreed that our organization
offers good quality service that leads to customer
retention, 189 (37.6%) agreed, 5(1.0%) were
undecided, 5(1.0%) disagreed while 3(0.6%) strongly
disagreed that your organization offers good quality
service that leads to customer retention.
4.8 TEST OF HYPOTHESES
To test the hypotheses formulated in chapter one, the
work adopted Simple Linear Regression.
Hypothesis One
Ho: Competitor intelligence does not affect market
share in deposit money banks in Southeast
Nigeria
H1: Competitor intelligence affects market share in
deposit money banks in South East Nigeria
14. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 1 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2017 Page: 118
Table 4.8 Model Summaryb
Mode
l
R R Square Adjusted R
Square
Std. Error of
the Estimate
Durbin-
Watson
1 .706a
.699 .698 .47844 .052
a. Predictors: (Constant), competitor intelligence
b. Dependent Variable: market share
SPSS Version,20.00
Table 4.9 ANOVAa
Model Sum of
Squares
Df Mean
Square
F Sig.
1
Regression 113.874 1 113.874 497.463 .000b
Residual 114.455 500 .229
Total 228.329 501
a. Dependent Variable: market share
b. Predictors: (Constant), competitor intelligence
Source: SPSS Version, 20.00
Table 4.10 Coefficientsa
Model Unstandardized
Coefficients
Standardized
Coefficients
T Sig.
B Std. Error Beta
1 (Constant) .735 .045 16.317 .000
competitor
intelligence
.688 .031 .706 22.304 .000
a. Dependent Variable: market share
Source: SPSS Version, 20.00
R = 0.706
R2
= 0.699
T = 22.304
F = 113.874
DW = 0.052
Interpretation:
The regression sum of squares (113.874) is less than
the residual sum of squares (114.455), which indicates
that more of the variation in the dependent variable is
not explained by the model. The significance value of
the F statistics (0.000) is less than 0.05, which means
that the variation explained by the model is not due to
chance.
R, the correlation coefficient which has a value of
0.706, indicates that there is a positive relationship
between competitor intelligence and market share. R
square, the coefficient of determination, shows that
78.4% of the variation in the market share is
explained by the model.
With the linear regression model, the error of estimate
is high, with a value of about 0. 47844. The Durbin
Watson statistics of 0 .052, which is not tends to 2
indicates there is no autocorrelation.
Competitor intelligence coefficient of 0.706 indicates
a positive significance between competitor
intelligence and market share, which is statistically
significant (with t = 22.304). Therefore, the null
hypothesis should be rejected and the alternative
hypothesis accordingly accepted. Thus, competitor
intelligence significantly affects market share in
deposit money banks in South East Nigeria.
Hypothesis Two
Ho: Customer intelligence does not have a positive
influence on quality service delivery in deposit money
banks in South East Nigeria
15. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 1 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2017 Page: 119
H1: Customer intelligence has a positive effect on
quality service delivery in deposit money banks in
South East Nigeria
Table 4.16 Model Summaryb
Mo
del
R R
Square
Adjusted R
Square
Std. Error
of the
Estimate
Durbin-
Watson
1 .799a
.639 .638 .51841 .052
a. Predictors: (Constant), Customer intelligence
b. Dependent Variable: quality service delivery
Source: SPSS Version, 20.00
Table 4.17 ANOVAa
Model Sum of
Squares
df Mean
Square
F Sig.
1 Regressi
on
237.898 1 237.898 885.21
2
.000b
Residual 134.373 500 .269
Total 372.271 501
a. Dependent Variable: quality service delivery
b. Predictors: (Constant), Customer intelligence
Source: SPSS Version, 20.00
Table 4.18 Coefficientsa
Model Unstandardized
Coefficients
Standardized
Coefficients
T Sig.
B Std. Error Beta
1 (Constant) -.181 .055 -3.270 .001
Customer
intelligence
.859 .029 .799 29.753 .000
a. Dependent Variable: quality service delivery
Source: SPSS Version, 20.00
R = 0.799
R2
= 0.639
T = 29.753
F = 885.212
DW = 0.052
Interpretation:
The regression sum of squares (237.898) is greater
than the residual sum of squares (134.373), which
indicates that more of the variation in the dependent
variable is explained by the model. The significance
value of the F statistics (0.000) is less than 0.05,
which means that the variation explained by the
model is not due to chance.
R, the correlation coefficient which has a value of
0.799, indicates that there is a positive relationship
between customer intelligence and innovation. R
square, the coefficient of determination, shows that
78.4% of the variation in the quality service delivery
is explained by the model.
With the linear regression model, the error of estimate
is high, with a value of about 0.51841.The Durbin
Watson statistics of 0.052, which is not tends to 2
indicates there no is autocorrelation.
Customer intelligence coefficient of 0.799 indicates a
positive significance between customer intelligence
and quality service delivery, which is statistically
significant (with t = 29.753). Therefore, the null
hypothesis should be rejected and the alternative
hypothesis firmly accepted. Thus customer
intelligence has a positive effect on quality service
delivery in deposit money banks in South East
Nigeria.
16. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 1 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2017 Page: 120
5.1 Findings and Discussion of Results
The study found out that competitor intelligence had a
positive influence on market share in deposit money
banks in South East, Nigeria. Competitive
intelligence, therefore, produces actionable
intelligence that provides help in decision-making and
provides competitive advantage to diverse
organizations (Ponis and Christou, (2013). This is in
sync with the findings of McGonagle and Vella,
(2002) that competitor intelligence is an activity that
the organization performs to discover and
comprehend the competitors’ activity, abilities,
strengths and weaknesses so that it can predict the
future performance of the rivals. This implies that
market share steps up whenever the competitors’
moves and strategies are detected since most
organizations react proactively in a bid to pin down
their rivals. Heppes and Du Toit (2009) supporting
the above assertion declare that a firm has a
competitive advantage whenever it has an edge over
its rivals in attracting customers and protecting itself
against the competitive forces found in its external
environment. That is why enterprises that are facing
greater competition devote greater support to
competitive intelligence in search of new ways of
creating and sustaining a competitive advantage
(Hesford, 2008; Heppes and Du Toit, 2009; Adidam,
Gaire and Kejriwal, 2009). The knowledge gained
from this information is effectively utilized to step up
the organization's own competitiveness. Therefore,
Careful analysis of competitors and the global
marketplace gives organizations impetus to
effectively anticipate market developments and then,
respond proactively thereby stepping up their market
shares. (Taib, Yatin, SFM; Ahmad, Mansor, 2008;
McGonagle and Vella, 2012).
The second hypothesis revealed that customer
intelligence had a significant positive effect on quality
service delivery in deposit money banks in South-
East, Nigeria. This finding synchronizes with lin
(1997) perceptions of customer intelligence as a
knowledge of customer’s organization, requirements,
purchase activities, strategies and plans as it relates to
the products or services offered by an industry and to
particular purchase decisions. In the opinion of Davis
(2003), customer intelligence aims to measure the
profitability of customers, products, services and
advertisement. This intelligence pictures the present
and future needs of customers as well as the newly
creative opportunities in the market distribution and
shows the major changes that occur in the marketing
and distribution processes. The customer intelligence
implies to the present and potential customers
exchanges, attributes and their private information
along with the knowledge and information exchange
and growing tendencies of the target society
(Cavalcanti, 2005).That is why Competitive
intelligence benefits accrue from a better
understanding of customers, their buying habits and
behaviours, predictions of their future needs, and
development of new products and services (Cottrill,
1998; Marin and Poulter, 2004; Cavalcanti, 2005;
Fuller, 2006. Customer Intelligence involves an
organization understanding of its relationship to the
customer environment by focusing on the most urgent
process and strategy decisions. Successful quality
service leads to customer retention and loyalty
especially in the banking industry where competition
is the order of the day. The view of customer
intelligence is not so broad since it includes
information about individuals with regard to their
fashion, tastes and preferences.
5.2 CONCLUSION
For banks to survive and remain competitive,
competitive intelligence department becomes
indispensable. This is because competitive
intelligence is a prerequisite for the survival of the
Nigerian Banking Industry characterized by intense
competition, high technological innovation, powerful
customers with diverse requirements, and continuous
regulatory policies among other factors.
5.3 Recommendations
I. Banks should establish competitive intelligence
departments that will frequently help them gather
relevant information about competitors so as to
enable them formulate strategies and make
informed and effective decisions at all times. This
is because without competitive intelligence unit,
banks run the risk of flying blind in the market
place. The departments should be installed in
their various headquarters and numerous
branches so as to remain competitive through the
elicitation of timely, reliable and relevant
information that assist in decision-making.
II. Continuous customer satisfaction should be the
major aim of every banking industry as customers
are regarded as the kings. Banks are expected to
satisfactorily serve their customers and other
stakeholders profitably by being proactive and
responsive to the changing values, technology,
17. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 1 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2017 Page: 121
tastes and preferences. It is evident that the
sustainability of any organization hinges on
customers patronage and loyalty.
III. Banks should strive hard to offer quality products
and services to their customers in order to
maintain existing customers and woo new ones as
well. This is supported by the fact that
competitive power and survival of bank lies in the
degree of its customer satisfaction. Therefore,
Banks must work hard to meet the challenges of
retaining customers, restoring public confidence
and providing the services and products that
customers really need.
REFERENCES
1) Asika N. (2009). Research Methodology in
the Behavioural Sciences, Lagos, Extorise
Nigeria Limited.
2) Ashton, W.B.,and Stacey, G.S. (1995). Technical
intelligence in business: Understanding
technology threats and opportunity. International
Journal of Technology Management, 1O (1): 79-
104.
3) Bose, R. (2008). Competitive intelligence process
and tools for intelligence analysis. Industrial
Management & Data Systems, 108(4), 510–528.
4) Bromwich, M. (1990). The case for strategic
management accounting: the role of accounting
information for strategy in competitive markets.
Accounting, Organizations and Society, 15(1), 27-
46.
5) Cardy, R. L.and Selvarajan, T.T. (2006),
"Competencies: Alternative frameworks for
competitive advantage", Business Horizon, 49,
235-245.
6) .Cartwright, D. L., Boughton, P. D.and Miller, S.
W. (1995). Competitive intelligence systems:
relationships to strategic orientation and perceived
usefulness. Journal of Managerial Issues, 7(4),
420-434.
7) .Calof, J.L.and Skinner, B.(1999). Government’s
role in competitive intelligence: What’s happening
in Canada? Competitive Intelligence Magazine, 2
(2): 23-36.
8) Chen, M.J. (1996). Competitor analysis and inter
firm rivalry: Toward a theoretical integration.
Academy of Management Review, 2(1), 100-134.
9) Choo, C. (2002). Information Management for the
Intelligence Organizations. The Art of Scanning
the Environment. 3rd
Edition. Information Today,
Medford, NJ.
10) Colakoglu, T. (2011). The problematic of
competitive intelligence: How to evaluate and
develop competitive intelligence. Procedia Social
and Behavioral Sciences, 24, 1615–1623.
11) Collins, R.D. (1997). Better Business Intelligence:
How to Learn More About Your Competitors.
Management Books, Chalford, Uk.
12) Daft, R. L., Sormunen, J. and Parks, D.
(1988).Chief executive scanning, environmental
characteristics, and company performance: an
empirical study”, Strategic Management Journal,
9, 123-39.
13) De Pelsmacker, P., Muller, M.L., Viviers, W.,
Saayman, A., Cuyvers, L. and Jegers, M.(2005),
Competitive intelligence practices of South
African and Belgian exporters”, Marketing
Intelligence & Planning, 23( 6) 606-620.
14) DeWitt and Michelle (1997). Competitive
Intelligence, Competitive Advantage, Grand
Rapids, MI, Abacus.
15) Duh, R. Chow, W.and Chen,I. (2008). Strategy, IT
applications for planning and control, and firm
performance: The impact of impediments to IT
implementation. Information and management,
43, 939-949.
16) Etorre B. (1995). Managing competitive
intelligence. Management Review, 84(10), 15-19.
17) Evangelia, B.and Michalis, M. (2006).Customer
relationship management: A case study of Greek
Bank. Journal of financial services marketing,
11,116-124.
18) Ezejolue, A.O, Ogwo, E.O and Nkamnebe, A. D
(2008). Basic Principles in Managing Research
Project, Aba: Afrilowers Limited.
19) Fatemeh Hadi1,Ardabil, Iran.Habib Ebrahimpour
(2014).Investigating the relationship between
technology intelligence and business performance
in industrial city of Ardabil. Singaporean Journal
of Business Economics, and Management studies
2(11).
20) Fleisher, C.S. (2001). Analysis in Competitive
Intelligence: Process, Progree, and Pitfalls
.Quorum Books, Westport, CT, 77-89.
21) Fleisher, C.S.and Bensoussan, B.E (2003).
Strategic and Competitive Analysis: Methods and
Techniques for Analyzing Business Competition.
New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
22) Fouche, P.(2006). A Competitive Intelligence
Implementation Model. Unpublished MA
dissertation, Pretoria: University of South Africa.
18. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 1 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2017 Page: 122
23) Gabber. H., (2007).Competitive intelligence
topology analyze for improved plan operation.
Industrial Management and Data Systems, 107(2):
198-236.
24) Fleisher, C.S. & Wright, S. (2009). Examining
differences in competitive intelligence practice:
China, Japan, and the West. Thunderbird
International Business Review, 51(3); 249–261.
25) Gilad, B., G. Gordon, and E. Sudit (1993).
Identifying Gaps and Blind spots in Competitive
Intelligence." Long Range Planning 26(6), 107-
133.
26) Hair J.F., Black, W.C., Babin, B.J., Anderson,
R.E., & Tatham, R.L. (2006). Multivariate data
analysis. 4th
ed. Prentice Hall: New Jersey.
27) Haataja, J., (2011). Social media as a source of
competitive intelligence in a pharmaceutical
corporation’, Master’s thesis, School of Science,
Aalto University.
28) Hesford, J.W. (2008).An empirical investigation
of accounting information use in competitive
intelligence. Journal of Competitive Intelligence
and Management, 4(3), 17–49.
29) Hughes, S. (2005). Competitive Intelligence as
competitive advantage: the theoretical link
between competitive intelligence, strategy and
firm performance. Journal of Competitive
Intelligence and Management, 3(3), 237-251.
30) Jackson, L.S., (2011). Research Methods: A
Modular Approach. 2nd Edn.,
Wadsworth/Cengage Learning.
31) Kahaner, C. (1996). Competitive Intelligence.
How to Gather, Analyze, and Use Information to
Move Your Business to the Top: Touchstone
Books.
32) Kelley, T.L. (1942). The reliability coefficient.
Psychometrika, 7, 75-83.
33) Kenneth Wanjau (2012).An investigation into
competitive intelligence practices and their effects
on profitability of firms in the banking industry: A
case of Equity Bank. International Journal of
Business and Public Management (ISSN: 2223-
6244), 2(2): 61-71.
34) KPMG (2014). Banking Industry Customer
Satisfaction Survey.
35) McGonagle, J.J. and C.M. Vella,( 2002). A case
for competitive intelligence. Information
Management Journal, 36(2): 35-40.
36) Mgbemena, I. (2015). Flexibility strategy and
organizational performance in selected banks in
Nigeria. An unpublished master degree
dissertation, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka.
37) Peppard, J. and Ward, J. (2004). Beyond strategic
information systems: Towards a capability.
Journal of strategic information systems, 13, 167-
194.
38) Peltoniemi, M. and Vuori, E.(2008). Competitive
intelligence as a driver of co-evolution within an
enterprise population. Journal of Competitive
Intelligence and Management, 4(3), 50 – 62.
39) Porter, M. E. (1980). Competitive Strategy. New
York: Free Press
40) Prescott J.E., (1999).The Evolution of
Competitive Intelligence: Designing a Process for
Action”, Proposal Management, Spring, 37-52.
41) Saunders, M., Lewis, P. and Thornhill, A. (2007)
Research Methods for Business Students 4th ed.
Prentice Hall.
42) Shih, M-J., Liu,D-R. and Hsu, M-L.
(2010).Discovering competitive intelligence by
mining changes in patent trends, Expert Systems
with Applications, 37(4): 2882-2890.
43) Spector, P. A. (1992). Summated Rating Scale
Construction: An Introduction. Newbury Park,
CA, Sage.
44) Tshilidzi Eric Nenzhelele (2014). Competitive
Intelligence Location in Small and Medium-Sized
Enterprises Mediterranean Journal of Social
Sciences, 5 (23), 608.
45) Weiss, A.and Naylor, E.,(2010).Competitive
intelligence: How independent information
professionals’, American Society for Information
Science and Technology 37(1), 30–34.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bult.2010.1720370114.
Chapter 1
46) Xu, K., Liao, S.S., Li, J. and Song, Y.(2011).
Mining comparative opinions from customer
reviews for competitive intelligence. Decision
Support Systems, 50(4): 743-758.
47) Yaya, Japheth, A;.Chonna Andy Umunna and
Osisanwo, Tope (2014) . Competitive intelligence:
A tool for effective job performance in academic
library. Sky Journal of Educational Research,
2(4), 020-027.
48) Zangoueinezhad, A. and Moshabaki, A.,
(2008).The role of structural capital on
competitive intelligence’, Industrial Management
& Data Systems 109(2), 262– 280.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02635570910930136.