This document compares the economic performance of Pakistan under dictator and democratic rule, specifically during the eras of Musharraf and Nawaz Sharif. It analyzes metrics such as GDP growth, foreign investment, tax collection, education indicators, and external debt. Overall, it finds that the economy generally performed better during Musharraf's rule from 1999-2008, with higher GDP growth, greater investment, and debt levels that increased at a slower pace.

1. 2
COMPARISON OF DICTATOR AND
DEMOCRATIC ERAS
COMPARISON BETWEEN
DICTATOR AND
DEMOCRATIC ERA

2. 2
COMPARISON OF DICTATOR AND
DEMOCRATIC ERAS
GROUP MEMBERS
 Nofil Jamil 13694
 Shahzad Anjum 14295
 M Abdul Sammad 14615
 M Haris Muteeb 14614

3. 2
COMPARISON OF DICTATOR AND
DEMOCRATIC ERAS
We will compare following
topics
 Economy
 Loan
 Education
 Terrorism

4. 2
COMPARISON OF DICTATOR AND
DEMOCRATIC ERAS
Introduction
 Four military rules
 A backward State
 First Four Decades
 90 billion $ economy

5. 2
COMPARISON OF DICTATOR AND
DEMOCRATIC ERAS
Musharraf’s Begins 1999
 Crumbled 70billion $ economy
 Mountains of problems
 intellectual, visionary and a bold
leader

6. 2
COMPARISON OF DICTATOR AND
DEMOCRATIC ERAS
Musharraf’s magical era
 NT from $0.4B to $18B
 $170 billion economy
 FD to $38.5B to $34B
 $5152.80 million of foreign
direct investment

7. 2
COMPARISON OF DICTATOR AND
DEMOCRATIC ERAS
Musharraf’s magical era
 5 medium sized dams were built
 Poverty was cut half from 34.5% to 17.2%
 90,000 jobs in IT, 1.3million jobs in
telecommunication and 45,000 jobs in the CNG
sector
 Karachi Stock Exchange awarded best
performing Asian market
 Investment grew at a rate of 23% of the GDP

8. 2
COMPARISON OF DICTATOR AND
DEMOCRATIC ERAS
Nawaz Shareef Era
 GDP rised up from 2009 2.9% to 5.25%
 Quite improvments after PPP annihilation
 Budget deficit narrowed from 8.2% to 5.5% in FY
2014
 Total investment was recorded at Rs.3276 billion in FY
2012-13 and it is increased to Rs.3554 billion in FY
2013-14
 Public investment raised to 877 billion

9. 2
COMPARISON OF DICTATOR AND
DEMOCRATIC ERAS
Nawaz Shareef Era
 No dams were built
 Foreign direct investment dwindled to $1281.1 million
during first half of government
 Dollar exchange rate 115.28
 CPEC projects creating about 700,000 jobs in the next
fourteen years
 Tax collection grew to 16.7% which remained under
10% for most part of Pakistan history

10. 2
COMPARISON OF DICTATOR AND
DEMOCRATIC ERAS
Nawaz Shareef Era
 No dams were built
 Foreign direct investment dwindled to $1281.1 million
during first half of government
 Dollar exchange rate 115.28
 CPEC projects creating about 700,000 jobs in the next
fourteen years
 Tax collection grew to 16.7% which remained under
10% for most part of Pakistan history

11. 2
COMPARISON OF DICTATOR AND
DEMOCRATIC ERAS
Pakistan economic growth since 2000
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
GDP %
GDP %

12. 2
COMPARISON OF DICTATOR AND
DEMOCRATIC ERAS
Education
 4% GDP FOR EDUCATIONAL SECTOR
Musharraf Educational Reforms AND ACHEIVEMENTS
 Free education for shorter period to remove the
illiteracy rate
 Appoint dr. atta-ur-rehman as chairman of higher
education comission (hec)
 in 1999-2000, 31 Public Universities, which were
increased at 49 Public Universities in 2005-2006

13. 2
COMPARISON OF DICTATOR AND
DEMOCRATIC ERAS
 Literacy rate incresed from 43% to 55.5%
 9 Engineering univrsities at international standard (cost 96.56
billion)
 99, 319Institutions were increased in this era
 Five thousand students got the scholarships for foreign
universities in Pervez Musharraf era

14. 2
COMPARISON OF DICTATOR AND
DEMOCRATIC ERAS
Education
 Still 4% GDP for educational sector
NAWAZ SHARIF EDUCATIONAL
REFORMS AND ACHEIVEMENTS
 Taxes applied on educational sector
 3 New public universities in next 5 years
 Upgraging private universities
 Initiate various ph.d. and other scholarship programs to
enhance quality of education in pakistan
 Prime minister’s educational reforms scheme 422 schools of
Islamabad are being revamped
 In 2017-18, the budget that government has allocated for
education is Rs.902.7 billion. This is rather low for a country like
Pakistan.

15. 2
COMPARISON OF DICTATOR AND
DEMOCRATIC ERAS
Pakistan literacy rate
43
49
54
56
53
57 58
56
58
60
58
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1998 2005 2006 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2016 2017
PAK LIETRACY RATE BY %
Series 1 Column1 Column2

16. 2
COMPARISON OF DICTATOR AND
DEMOCRATIC ERAS
LOAN
 A loan is the act of giving money, property or other material goods
to another party in exchange for future repayment of the principal
amount along with interest or other finance charges.
 World Bank (WB) and International Monitory Fund (IMF)
 The World Bank Group works with developing countries to
reduce poverty and increase shared prosperity, while the
International Monetary Fund serves to stabilize the international
monetary system and acts as a monitor of the world’s currencies.

17. 2
COMPARISON OF DICTATOR AND
DEMOCRATIC ERAS
Introduction
 $121 million from 1951 to 1955.
 Cold War.
 $2.7 billion including the debt of Bangladesh at
the end of December 1969
 $3 billion by December 1971
 $6.3 billion in 1977
 December 1969 and December 2012, jumped by
2,354 percent, from just $2.7 billion to $66.243
billion.

18. 2
COMPARISON OF DICTATOR AND
DEMOCRATIC ERAS
INTRODUCTION CONTINUED
 External Debt in Pakistan averaged 53532.35
USD Million from 2002 until 2018
 33172 USD Million in the third quarter of 2004
 $70.45 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
 $75.66 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
 91761 USD Million in the first quarter of 2018

19. 2
COMPARISON OF DICTATOR AND
DEMOCRATIC ERAS
Economic Indicators 1999-2009
 Pak Economy in 1999 was: $ 75 billion
 Pak Economy in 2007 is: $ 160 billion
 Pak Economy in 2008 is: $ 170 billion
 GDP Growth in 1999: 3.1 %
 GDP Growth in 2005: 8.4 %
 GDP Growth in 2007: 7 %
 GDP Growth in 2009: 2 %
 GDP Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) in 1999: $ 270 billion
 GDP Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) in 2007: $ 475.5 billion
 GDP Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) in 2008: $ 504.3 billion

20. 2
COMPARISON OF DICTATOR AND
DEMOCRATIC ERAS
 GDP per Capita Income in 1999: $ 450
 GDP per Capita Income in 2007: $ 926
 GDP per Capita Income in 2008: $1085
 Pak revenue collection 1999: Rs. 305 billion
 Pak revenue collection 2007: Rs. 708 billion
 Pak revenue collection 2008: Rs. 990 billion
 Pak revenue collection 2009: Rs. 1150 billion

21. 2
COMPARISON OF DICTATOR AND
DEMOCRATIC ERAS
 Pak Foreign reserves in 1999: $ 1.96 billion
 Pak Foreign reserves in 2007: $ 16.4 billion
 Pak Foreign reserves in 2008: $ 8.89 billion
 Pak Foreign reserves in 2009: $ 14.3 billion
 Pak Exports in 1999: $ 8 billion
 Pak Exports in 2007: $ 18.5 billion
 Pak Exports in 2008: $ 19.22 billion
 Pak Exports in 2009: $ 17.78 billion

22. 2
COMPARISON OF DICTATOR AND
DEMOCRATIC ERAS
 Textile Exports in 1999: $ 5.5 billion
 Textile Exports in 2007: $ 11.2 billion (Source)

 Foreign Investment in 1999: $ 301 million
 Foreign Investment in 2007: $ 8.4 billion
 Foreign Investment in 2008: $ 5.19 billion
 Debt (External Debt & Liabilities) in 1988: $ 18 billion
 Debt (External Debt & Liabilities) in 1999: $ 39 billion
 Debt (External Debt & Liabilities) in 2007: $ 40.5 billion
 Debt (External Debt & Liabilities) in 2009: $ 52 billion

23. 2
COMPARISON OF DICTATOR AND
DEMOCRATIC ERAS
PML-N’s Era 2013-2018
 $17 billion or nearly half of the total loans obtained from July
2013 to June 2017
 $18 billion to the country’s total external debt
 From July 2013 to June 2017, Pakistan’s total external debt
grew by 30% to $79.2 billion
 $10.1 billion, the highest taken out in any single year during
the country’s 70-year history

24. 2
COMPARISON OF DICTATOR AND
DEMOCRATIC ERAS
 In 2013-14, the net increase in the external debt
was roughly $3 billion.
 In 2014-15, the net increase in debt was $4.42
billion.
 In 2015-16, there was a net addition of $5.6
billion.
 In 2016-17, the last government had borrowed
$10.1 billion and out of which it returned about
$5 billion loans.

25. 2
COMPARISON OF DICTATOR AND
DEMOCRATIC ERAS
 According to IMF country’s external debt at
$79.2 billion by June 2017.
 It was $60.9 billion when the PML-N took the
control of the government.
 This government added $18.3 billion to the
external debt..