This document provides an overview of the biodiversity found in the Indian states of Chhattisgarh and Kerala. It discusses their floral and faunal diversity, including endemic species. Both states have diverse ecosystems like forests and wetlands that support a variety of plants and animals. Chhattisgarh is home to over 3000 plant species and wildlife like tigers and elephants. Kerala boasts exceptional floral diversity with over 5000 flowering plants and endangered species such as the Bengal tiger and Nilgiri tahr. Conservation efforts in both states include protected areas, sustainable practices, and community involvement.

1. .
SESSION 2023-2024
SUBJECT -SOCIAL SCIENCE
SUBMITTING TO :
NAME- ANSHUL DEWANGAN
CLASS- 9th A
SUBMITTING TO-

2. Biodiversity in Two Indian States

3. Welcome to my presentation on the rich
biodiversity of two distinct Indian
states, Chhattisgarh and Kerela.
These states , Geographically diverse,
offer unique ecosystems and a wide
array of flora and fauna.
In this presentation, we will explore and
compare the fascinating world of plants
and animals that call Chhattisgarh and
Kerela their home.
Both states have their own stories to tell,
from dense forest to lush wetlands, and
from endangered species to endemic
f lora.
Lets dive into the ecological wonders of
Chhattisgarh and Kerela.

4. □
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diverse biodiversity.
□
Geographical Features: The state is
characterized by its lush forests, fertile plains,
and hilly terrain. It's home to part of the
Chhota Nagpur Plateau and the Maikal Range,
which contribute to its unique landscape.
□
Importance in Biodiversity: Chhattisgarh
boasts a wide variety of ecosystems, including
dense forests, grasslands, and wetlands. Its
significance in terms of biodiversity is
underscored by the presence of numerous
wildlife sanctuaries and national parks, making
it a haven for nature enthusiasts and
conservationists.
□
Climate: The state experiences a subtropical
climate with distinct wet and dry seasons.
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5. □
Floral Diversity: Chhattisgarh is blessed with an
incredible array of plant species. It's estimated to have
over 3000 species of plants, including a mix of deciduous
and evergreen trees, shrubs, and herbs.
□
Endemic Plants: The state is home to several endemic and
rare plant species. Notable among these are Sal (Shorea
robusta), Mahua (Madhuca longifolia), and Tendu
(Diospyrosmelanoxylon), which are of both ecological
and economic significance.
□
Medicinal Plants: Chhattisgarh's forests are a treasure
trove of medicinal plants. Many traditional healing
practices are rooted in the use of these plants, such as
Amla(Indian Gooseberry), Arjuna(Terminaliaarjuna),
and Harra(Terminaliachebula).Bamboo Diversity:
Bamboo, particularly species like Dendrocalamusstrictus
and Bambusaarundinacea, are widespread. They hold
cultural and economic importance for the indigenous
communities.
□
Conservation Efforts: Various conservation efforts are in
place to protect and preserve the diverse flora of
Chhattisgarh. These include afforestationprograms, the
establishment of biosphere reserves, and sustainable
harvesting practices.

6. □
Diverse Wildlife: Chhattisgarh is home to a diverse range
of wildlife species, thanks to its varied ecosystems.
These include mammals, birds, reptiles, and
amphibians.
□
Tiger Population: The state is known for its significant
tiger population. The IndravatiTiger Reserve,
AchanakmarTiger Reserve, and UdantiSitanadiTiger
Reserve are crucial for tiger .
□
conservation.Elephants: Chhattisgarh is also home to a
substantial elephant population, and these majestic
creatures roam in forests and sanctuaries.Birdlife: The
state is a heaven for birdwatchers, with a variety of
resident and migratory bird species. You can spot species
like the Hill Myna, BastarHill Myna, and many raptors.
□
Endangered Species: Chhattisgarh is home to endangered
species like the Wild Buffalo, Swamp Deer, and the Bastar
Hill Myna, emphasizing the need for conservation efforts.
□
Conservation Initiatives: The state has implemented
conservation programs and anti-poaching measures to
protect its wildlife. It also engages in habitat restoration
and public awareness campaigns to safeguard its fauna.

7. I
□
ntroduction: Kerala, located on the
southwestern coast of India, is a state
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□ Geographical Features: Kerala is
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a wide range of ecosystems, including
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climate variation is a key factor in
supporting its rich flora and fauna.

8. trove of medicinal plants. These include the
□
Floral Diversity: Kerala boasts exceptional
floral diversity. It's estimated to have over 5000
species of flowering plants, and a significant
number of these are unique to the region.
□
Endemic Plants: The state is home to several
endemic and rare plant species, such as the
Nilgiritahr-friendly NilgiriNeelakurinji
(Strobilantheskunthiana) that blooms only
once in 12 years.
□
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□
Conservation Efforts: Kerala places significant
importance on the conservation of its diverse
flora. It has established several wildlife
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9. □
Diverse Wildlife: Kerala's diverse ecosystems provide
a haven for a wide range of wildlife, including
mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians.
□
Endangered Species: The state is home to several
endangered species, including the Bengal Tiger, Indian
Elephant, and the NilgiriTahr.
□
Birdlife: Kerala is a birdwatcher's paradise with a
multitude of resident and migratory species. You can spot
the Malabar Hornbill, Great Indian Hornbill, and many
waterfowl in the region's wetlands.
□
Reptiles and Amphibians: Kerala also has a rich
population of reptiles, including the King Cobra and
various species of turtles and frogs.MarineLife: The
coastal regions of Kerala are rich in marine biodiversity.
It's known for its diverse fish species, dolphins, and
occasional sightings of whales.
□
Conservation Initiatives: Kerala actively engages in
wildlife conservation efforts, such as the protection of
mangroves, establishment of wildlife sanctuaries and
national parks, and initiatives to safeguard marine life.

10. Aspect Chhattisgarh Kerela
Floral Diversity Rich and diverse
with over 3000
species of plants
Exceptional with
over 5000 species
of floweringplants
Endemic Plants Sal,Mahua,
tendu, and more
Nilgiri Neelakurin
ji, Agarwoodand
more
Faunal Diversity Diverse wildlife
inludingBengal
Tigers and
Elephants
Rich wildlife
diversity with
Bengal Tigers,
Elephants, Nilgiri
Tahrand Varied
Birdlife
Endemic Fauna Rare and
Endemic species
like wild
buffalo and
BastarHill Myna
Notable endemics
like NilgiriTahr
and Lion-Tailed
Macaque

11. □
Tiger's increase in Kerala.
□
Chhattisgarh:
□
Tiger Reserves (Indravati, Achanakmar,
Udanti Sitanadi)
□
Afforestationand Reforestation
□
□
Community Involvement in Conservation
• Kerala:
UNESCO Biosphere Reserves marine
Conservation (Mangroves, Coral Reefs)
Sustainable Collection of Medicinal Plants
(Ayurveda)
□
Challenges & Successes:
□
Both states address habitat loss and
poaching. Successes include the Bengal

12. □
Biodiversity Treasure: Chhattisgarh and
Kerala are biodiversity treasures.
□
Conservation Commitment: Both states
are committed to protecting their
unique flora and fauna.
□
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Harmonious Coexistence: Human and
wildlife coexistence is possible and
essential.