2. RETRACTORS
Deaver
Used to hold an incision open, hold back tissues or other objects to maintain
a clear surgical field, or reach other structures.
Used to hold back
the abdominal wall
during abdominal or
thoracic procedures.
Army-Navy Weitlaner
Richardson
Used to gain
exposure of
skin layers
Used to hold
back deep tissue
structures.
Self-retaining for
exposing deep or
smaller surgical
sites.
3. SCISSORS
Used for cutting tissue, suture, or for dissection. Scissors can be straight or
curved, and may be used for cutting heavy or finer structures.
Mayo Straight Metzenbaum Mayo Curve
Used for cutting delicate tissue
and for blunt dissection.
Used for supplies
and materials.
used for cutting heavy
tissue.
4. PICK-UP FORCEPS
Thumb Tissue Debakey Adson Bonney
Also known as nonlocking forceps, grasping forceps, thumb forceps, or pick-
ups. Used for grasping tissue or objects. Can be toothed (serrated) or
nontoothed at the tip.
Used for atraumic
tissue grasping
during dissection.
Used for fine
handling of
tissue and
traction during
dissection.
Used for
handling
dense tissue.
Used for
holding thick
tissue.
Used to
manipulate and
grasp delicate
and soft tissues.
5. Mosquito Kelly Curved Kelly Straight Allis
GRASPERS
A hemostat (clamp
to stop bleeding)
and holds suture
in place.
Hold or grasp
tough tissues such
as skin, breast and
uterus.
o stop bleeding) and
holds suture in place.
Occlude blood
vessels, large vessels
Used in clamping
umbilical cord of
babies.
Also called locking forceps, these are ratcheted instruments used to hold
tissue or objects, or provide hemostasis.
6. Babcock Ochsner Mixter
GRASPERS
Used to grasp or hold soft
and hard to reach tissues
like removal of gallbladder.
Hold soft tissues like
fallopian tube.
Used to hold tissues like
when removing uterus.
7. Used for hemostasis,
absorption of blood and
fluids, protection, and
wound management.
Needle is round and tapers to
a simple point. Most
commonly used in softer
tissue such as intestine but
may also be used in tougher
tissue such as muscle.
Operative
Sponge Conventional
Cutting Needle
NEEDLES AND SUTURE
Needle Types
Tapered Needle
Needle is triangular with sharp
edges, and one edge faces the
inside of the curved needle.
Used for tougher tissues such
as skin.
8. #10 Blade #11 Blade #12 Blade
TYPES OF BLADES
Used primarily for
making large skin
incisions.
Used for making
precise or sharply
angled incisions.
Used for making
finer incisions.
#15 Blade
Used in removing
sutures, parotid and
cleft plate surgeries
Used for initial incision and cutting tissue. Consists of a blade and a handle.
Surgeons often refer to the instrument by its blade number
9. TYPES OF HANDLE
Handle #3 Handle #7
It is the most common handle
used in making incisions.
It is a long and slender handle with is
useful in making incisions in deep and
tight spaces.
10. RULES OF
NINE FOR
BURNS
CAJAYON, SHAWIE ANN N.
CAJAYON, SHAWIE ANN N.
CARIASO, ELIZA MAE N.
CARIASO, ELIZA MAE N.
BSN 4 - FITZPATRICK
11. BURNS
A burn is an injury to the skin or
other organic tissue primarily
caused by heat or due to radiation,
radioactivity, electricity, friction or
contact with chemicals.
12. TYPES
OF
BURNS SUPERFICIAL BURNS PARTIAL THICKNESS BURNS FULL THICKNESS BURNS
involves only the
epidermis
red, painful, tender,
blanches under
pressure
Can heal in 7 days
FIRST DEGREE SECOND DEGREE THIRD DEGREE
extends through
epidermis into dermis
salmon pink, moist,
shiny, painful
Can heal in 7 to 21 days
through epidermis,
dermis into underlying
structures
thick, dry, waxy,
leathery
pearly gray or charred
black
13. RULES OF NINE
The Rule of Nines, also known as the
Wallace Rule of Nines, is a tool used by
trauma and emergency medicine providers
to assess the total body surface area
(TBSA) involved in burn patients.
Measurement of the initial burn surface
area is important in estimating fluid
resuscitation requirements since patients
with severe burns will have massive fluid
losses due to the removal of the skin
barrier.
15. A 35 year old patient sustained second degree burns in
anterior upper torso, right arm, and in genitalia.
TBSA = 4.5+9+1 = 14.5%
Head and Neck: 4.5%
Right Anterior Arm: 4.5%
Right Posterior Arm: 4.5%
Perineum: 1%
Step 1: Determine the given parts
Step 2: Put the right percentage
Step 3: Calculate the TBSA
percentage that it burns
16. A 43 year old patient sustained second and third degree
burns in face, left anterior arm and anterior left leg.
Head and Neck: 4.5%
Left Anterior Arm: 4.5%
Left Anterior Leg: 9%
TBSA =4.5+4.5+9= 18%
Step 1: Determine the given parts
Step 2: Put the right percentage
Step 3: Calculate the TBSA
percentage that it burns
17. A 29 year old patient sustained second degree burns anterior left
leg, right arm, lower back, and left anterior arm.
A 50 year old patient sustained second degree burns in upper
torso, his perineum, right arm, and right posterior leg.
A 23 years old female patient sustained third degree burns in
abdomen, upper extremities.
Joana sustained third degree burns in her perineum, lower
extremities and lower back.
18. A 29 year old patient sustained
second degree burns anterior left
leg, right arm, lower back, and left
anterior arm.
Right Arm: 9%
Left Anterior Arm: 4.5%
Lower back: 9%
Left Anterior Legs: 9%
A 50 year old patient sustained
second degree burns in upper torso,
his perineum, right arm, and right
posterior leg.
Head and Neck: 9%
Right Arm: 9%
Perineum: 1%
Right Posterior Leg: 9%
TSBA = 9+4.5+9+9 = 31.5%
TBSA = 9+9+1+9 = 28%
19. A 23 years old female patient
sustained third degree burns in
abdomen, upper extremities.
Joana sustained third degree burns
in her perineum, lower extremities
and lower back.
TBSA = 9+9+9 = 27%
TBSA = 9+1+18+18 = 46%
Anterior Arms: 9%
Posterior Arms: 9%
Abdomen: 9%
Lower back: 9%
Perineum: 1%
Anterior Legs: 18%
Posterior Legs: 18%
