Comments added.#include stdio.h #include stdlib.hint main(.pdf
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Comments added. #include #include int main(int argc, char* argv[] { //opening ile File* inf = fopen(argv[1],\"r\"); if(!inf){ printf(\"Cannot open file %s\ \", argv[1]); } // declare array to store numbers int n[NUMBER_PER_LINE]; fscanf(inf, \"%d %d %d\", &n[0], &n[1], &n[2]); // closing file fclose(inf); //printing integers for(int i=1; i<=NUMBER_PER_LINE; i++){ printf(\"%d\",n[i]); } return 0; ) Solution Comments added. #include #include int main(int argc, char* argv[] { //opening ile File* inf = fopen(argv[1],\"r\"); if(!inf){ printf(\"Cannot open file %s\ \", argv[1]); } // declare array to store numbers int n[NUMBER_PER_LINE]; fscanf(inf, \"%d %d %d\", &n[0], &n[1], &n[2]); // closing file fclose(inf); //printing integers for(int i=1; i<=NUMBER_PER_LINE; i++){ printf(\"%d\",n[i]); } return 0; ).
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![Comments added.
#include
#include
int main(int argc, char* argv[]
{
//opening ile
File* inf = fopen(argv[1],"r");
if(!inf){
printf("Cannot open file %s ", argv[1]);
}
// declare array to store numbers
int n[NUMBER_PER_LINE];
fscanf(inf, "%d %d %d", &n[0], &n[1], &n[2]);
// closing file
fclose(inf);
//printing integers
for(int i=1; i<=NUMBER_PER_LINE; i++){
printf("%d",n[i]);
}
return 0;
)
Solution
Comments added.
#include
#include
int main(int argc, char* argv[]
{
//opening ile
File* inf = fopen(argv[1],"r");
if(!inf){](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/commentsadded-230412093153-69c72ff4/85/Comments-added-include-stdio-h-include-stdlib-hint-main-pdf-1-320.jpg)
![printf("Cannot open file %s ", argv[1]);
}
// declare array to store numbers
int n[NUMBER_PER_LINE];
fscanf(inf, "%d %d %d", &n[0], &n[1], &n[2]);
// closing file
fclose(inf);
//printing integers
for(int i=1; i<=NUMBER_PER_LINE; i++){
printf("%d",n[i]);
}
return 0;
)](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
Recommended
In C program, how to write two short programs one which hides a sho.pdf
In C program, how to write two short programs: one which hides a short, secret message in an
image file, such as ppm file, and a second program which reads the hidden message back out of
the image.
Solution
First program to write secret message
Encrypt.c
#include
#include \"stego.h\"
void copy_header(FILE *, int, FILE *);
int get_message_length(char[]);
int message_fits(int, int, int);
int count_new_lines(FILE *);
void encode_length(FILE *, FILE *, int);
void encode_message(FILE *, FILE *, int, char *, int, int);
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
if(argc < 3) {
printf(\"requires 2 parameters the message within \\\" \\\" and the PPM file you want to encode
the message in.\ Aborting\ .\");
return 1;
}
FILE *fp;
if((fp = fopen(argv[2], \"r+\")) == NULL) {
printf(\"Couldn\'t open file %s.\ Aborting\ \", argv[2]);
return 1;
}
if(read_ppm_type(fp)) {
skip_comments(fp);
char *myMessage = (char *)argv[1];
int message_length = get_message_length(myMessage);
int w = get_width(fp);
int h = get_height(fp);
if(message_fits(message_length, w, h)) {
if(read_color_depth(fp)) {
FILE *fp_t = fopen(\"out.ppm\",\"w\");
int i = count_new_lines(fp);
copy_header(fp, i, fp_t);
encode_length(fp, fp_t, (message_length - 8) / 8);
encode_message(fp, fp_t, (message_length - 8), myMessage, w, h);
printf(\"Encoding Process Complete Take a look at out.ppm\ \");
fclose(fp);
fclose(fp_t);
} else {
printf(\"\ Error: Image color depth not valid. Must be 255.\ \");
return 1;
}
} else {
printf(\"\ Error: Image file is too large to print the message.\ Abort\ \");
return 1;
}
} else {
printf(\"Error: Wrong file format.\ Abort\ \");
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
void copy_header(FILE *fp1, int numLines, FILE *fp2) {
int i;
char temp;
rewind(fp1); //Goes back to the beginning of the file
for(i = 0; i < numLines; i++) {
while((temp = fgetc(fp1)) != EOF && temp != \'\ \') {
fputc(temp, fp2);
}
fputc(\'\ \', fp2);
}
return;
}
int get_message_length(char my_msg[]) {
int i = 0;
while(my_msg[i] != \'\\0\') {
i++;
}
return i * 8 + 8;
}
int message_fits(int length, int w, int h) {
return length < w * h * 3;
}
int count_new_lines(FILE *fp) {
char temp; int count = 0;
rewind(fp);
while((temp = fgetc(fp)) != EOF)
if(temp == \'\ \')
count++;
return count;
}
void encode_length(FILE *in, FILE *out, int length) {
char temp;
int i, l;
for(i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
temp = fgetc(in);
l = length;
l >>= 7 - i;
if((l & 1) == 1) {
if((temp & 1) == 0) {
temp++;
}
} else {
if((temp & 1) == 1) {
temp--;
}
}
fputc(temp, out);
}
return;
}
void encode_message(FILE *in, FILE *out, int num_to_encode, char* my_message, int w, int h)
{
int encoded = 0;
unsigned char temp;
int idx = 0, num_coppied = 0;
char current;
int fileSize = (w * h * 3) - 8;
int i;
for(i = 0; i < fileSize; i++) {
temp = fgetc(in);
current = my_message[idx];
current >>= 7 - num_coppied;
num_coppied++;
if(encoded <= num_to_encode) {
encoded++;
if((current & 1) == 1) {
if((temp & 1) == 0) {
temp++;
}
} else {
if((temp & 1) == 1) {
temp--;
}
}
if(num_coppied.
C++ help!! Im not familiar with how to save- read file so that the pro.docx
C++ help!! Im not familiar with how to save/ read file so that the program works so i\'d realllyy appreaciate it if you wrote down the steps along with the code!
Solution
#include<fstream>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int i,j;
int a[4][4],trans[4][4];
ifstream infile(\"Matrix_01.txt\");//change the file name to test for matrix_02 it must be in the same folder
if(!infile)
{
cout<<\"Cannot open file1.\ \";
return
}
for(i=0;i<4;i++)//reads from the file
{
for(j=0;j<4;j++)
{
infile1>>a[i][j];
}
}
cout<<\"Matrix:\"<<endl;//displays the matrix
for(i=0; i<4; ++i)
{
for(j=0; j<4; ++j)
{
cout << \" \" << a[i][j];
}
cout<<endl;
}
cout<<\"Transpose:\"<<endl;
for(i=0; i<4; ++i)//calculates transpose
for(j=0; j<4; ++j)
{
trans[j][i]=a[i][j];
}
for(i=0; i<4; ++i)//prints transpose
{
for(j=0; j<4; ++j)
{
cout << \" \" << trans[i][j];
}
cout<<endl;
}
cout<<\"Upper Triangle:\ \";
for (int i = 0; i < 4;i++)//prints upper traingle
{
for (int j = 0; j < (4- i); j++)
{
cout << a[i][j] << \" \";
}
cout << \"\ \";
}
cout<<\"Lower Triangle:\ \";
for(i=0;i<4;i++)//prints lower triangle
{
for(j=0;j<=i;j++)
{
cout<<a[i][j]<<\" \";
}
cout<<\"\ \";
}
for ( i = 0 ; i < 4 ; i++ )//checks for transpose
{
for ( j = 0 ; j < 4 ; j++ )
{
if ( a[i][j] != trans[i][j] )
break;
}
if ( j != 4 )
break;
}
if ( i == 4 )
cout<<\"It is a Symmetric matrix.\ \";
else
cout<<\"It is not a Symmetric matrix.\ \";
}
.
Fileinc
First create a file in your Home directory by name seqno.txt,just write one character the
digit one( 1 ) into the file and save it.This program reads the number from the file , increments it
then writes back the incremented value back into the file.
This sequence o program is used to control print jobs in UNIX
Q2 Write a C program called myupper4.c to take as command line inpu.pdf
Q2: Write a C program called myupper4.c to take as command line input a file name. It should
then read the text file, one string at a time and store in a linked list each string. Each new string
read from the file should be inserted at the END of the linked list. Each node of the linked list
should contain 2 variables: i) a character array to hold a string, ii) a pointer to the next node in
the linked list. The myupper4.c file should also contain a function void print_linked_list(struct
*node) to iterate over the linked list and print the strings stored in each node of the linked list.
Solution
#include
#include
#include
#define MAX_LENGTH 512 // buffer size
typedef struct node
{
char data[MAX_LENGTH];
struct node *next;
} strNode;
int main ( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
strNode *head;
strNode *current;
if ( argc != 2 ) /* argc should be 2 for correct execution */
{
/* Assuming argv[0] it is the program name */
printf( \"Error in %s filename\", argv[0] );
exit();
}
else
{
// argv[1] is a filename to open
FILE *file = fopen( argv[1], \"r\" );
/* fopen returns 0 on failure */
if ( file == 0 )
{
printf( \"Could not open file\ \" );
}
else
{
char str[MAX_LENGTH];
/* read one word at a time from file, stopping at EOF,
indicating the end of the file. */
while ( fgets(str,sizeof str,file)!=NULL )
{
// check if list is empty
if (head == NULL)
{
head = (strNode*) malloc(sizeof(strNode)); // create head node
strcpy(head->data, str);
}
// if list not empty
else
{
current = head; // start at the beginning
while (current->next != NULL)
{
current = current->next; // traverse to the end of the list
}
current->next = (strNode*) malloc(sizeof(strNode));
current = current->next;
strcpy(current->data, str);
display(current);
}
}
fclose( file );
}
}
return 0;
}
void display(struct node *disp)
{
printf(\"%s \", disp->data);
if (disp->next == NULL)
{
return;
}
display(disp->next);
}.
Recommended
In C program, how to write two short programs one which hides a sho.pdf
In C program, how to write two short programs: one which hides a short, secret message in an
image file, such as ppm file, and a second program which reads the hidden message back out of
the image.
Solution
First program to write secret message
Encrypt.c
#include
#include \"stego.h\"
void copy_header(FILE *, int, FILE *);
int get_message_length(char[]);
int message_fits(int, int, int);
int count_new_lines(FILE *);
void encode_length(FILE *, FILE *, int);
void encode_message(FILE *, FILE *, int, char *, int, int);
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
if(argc < 3) {
printf(\"requires 2 parameters the message within \\\" \\\" and the PPM file you want to encode
the message in.\ Aborting\ .\");
return 1;
}
FILE *fp;
if((fp = fopen(argv[2], \"r+\")) == NULL) {
printf(\"Couldn\'t open file %s.\ Aborting\ \", argv[2]);
return 1;
}
if(read_ppm_type(fp)) {
skip_comments(fp);
char *myMessage = (char *)argv[1];
int message_length = get_message_length(myMessage);
int w = get_width(fp);
int h = get_height(fp);
if(message_fits(message_length, w, h)) {
if(read_color_depth(fp)) {
FILE *fp_t = fopen(\"out.ppm\",\"w\");
int i = count_new_lines(fp);
copy_header(fp, i, fp_t);
encode_length(fp, fp_t, (message_length - 8) / 8);
encode_message(fp, fp_t, (message_length - 8), myMessage, w, h);
printf(\"Encoding Process Complete Take a look at out.ppm\ \");
fclose(fp);
fclose(fp_t);
} else {
printf(\"\ Error: Image color depth not valid. Must be 255.\ \");
return 1;
}
} else {
printf(\"\ Error: Image file is too large to print the message.\ Abort\ \");
return 1;
}
} else {
printf(\"Error: Wrong file format.\ Abort\ \");
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
void copy_header(FILE *fp1, int numLines, FILE *fp2) {
int i;
char temp;
rewind(fp1); //Goes back to the beginning of the file
for(i = 0; i < numLines; i++) {
while((temp = fgetc(fp1)) != EOF && temp != \'\ \') {
fputc(temp, fp2);
}
fputc(\'\ \', fp2);
}
return;
}
int get_message_length(char my_msg[]) {
int i = 0;
while(my_msg[i] != \'\\0\') {
i++;
}
return i * 8 + 8;
}
int message_fits(int length, int w, int h) {
return length < w * h * 3;
}
int count_new_lines(FILE *fp) {
char temp; int count = 0;
rewind(fp);
while((temp = fgetc(fp)) != EOF)
if(temp == \'\ \')
count++;
return count;
}
void encode_length(FILE *in, FILE *out, int length) {
char temp;
int i, l;
for(i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
temp = fgetc(in);
l = length;
l >>= 7 - i;
if((l & 1) == 1) {
if((temp & 1) == 0) {
temp++;
}
} else {
if((temp & 1) == 1) {
temp--;
}
}
fputc(temp, out);
}
return;
}
void encode_message(FILE *in, FILE *out, int num_to_encode, char* my_message, int w, int h)
{
int encoded = 0;
unsigned char temp;
int idx = 0, num_coppied = 0;
char current;
int fileSize = (w * h * 3) - 8;
int i;
for(i = 0; i < fileSize; i++) {
temp = fgetc(in);
current = my_message[idx];
current >>= 7 - num_coppied;
num_coppied++;
if(encoded <= num_to_encode) {
encoded++;
if((current & 1) == 1) {
if((temp & 1) == 0) {
temp++;
}
} else {
if((temp & 1) == 1) {
temp--;
}
}
if(num_coppied.
C++ help!! Im not familiar with how to save- read file so that the pro.docx
C++ help!! Im not familiar with how to save/ read file so that the program works so i\'d realllyy appreaciate it if you wrote down the steps along with the code!
Solution
#include<fstream>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int i,j;
int a[4][4],trans[4][4];
ifstream infile(\"Matrix_01.txt\");//change the file name to test for matrix_02 it must be in the same folder
if(!infile)
{
cout<<\"Cannot open file1.\ \";
return
}
for(i=0;i<4;i++)//reads from the file
{
for(j=0;j<4;j++)
{
infile1>>a[i][j];
}
}
cout<<\"Matrix:\"<<endl;//displays the matrix
for(i=0; i<4; ++i)
{
for(j=0; j<4; ++j)
{
cout << \" \" << a[i][j];
}
cout<<endl;
}
cout<<\"Transpose:\"<<endl;
for(i=0; i<4; ++i)//calculates transpose
for(j=0; j<4; ++j)
{
trans[j][i]=a[i][j];
}
for(i=0; i<4; ++i)//prints transpose
{
for(j=0; j<4; ++j)
{
cout << \" \" << trans[i][j];
}
cout<<endl;
}
cout<<\"Upper Triangle:\ \";
for (int i = 0; i < 4;i++)//prints upper traingle
{
for (int j = 0; j < (4- i); j++)
{
cout << a[i][j] << \" \";
}
cout << \"\ \";
}
cout<<\"Lower Triangle:\ \";
for(i=0;i<4;i++)//prints lower triangle
{
for(j=0;j<=i;j++)
{
cout<<a[i][j]<<\" \";
}
cout<<\"\ \";
}
for ( i = 0 ; i < 4 ; i++ )//checks for transpose
{
for ( j = 0 ; j < 4 ; j++ )
{
if ( a[i][j] != trans[i][j] )
break;
}
if ( j != 4 )
break;
}
if ( i == 4 )
cout<<\"It is a Symmetric matrix.\ \";
else
cout<<\"It is not a Symmetric matrix.\ \";
}
.
Fileinc
First create a file in your Home directory by name seqno.txt,just write one character the
digit one( 1 ) into the file and save it.This program reads the number from the file , increments it
then writes back the incremented value back into the file.
This sequence o program is used to control print jobs in UNIX
Q2 Write a C program called myupper4.c to take as command line inpu.pdf
Q2: Write a C program called myupper4.c to take as command line input a file name. It should
then read the text file, one string at a time and store in a linked list each string. Each new string
read from the file should be inserted at the END of the linked list. Each node of the linked list
should contain 2 variables: i) a character array to hold a string, ii) a pointer to the next node in
the linked list. The myupper4.c file should also contain a function void print_linked_list(struct
*node) to iterate over the linked list and print the strings stored in each node of the linked list.
Solution
#include
#include
#include
#define MAX_LENGTH 512 // buffer size
typedef struct node
{
char data[MAX_LENGTH];
struct node *next;
} strNode;
int main ( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
strNode *head;
strNode *current;
if ( argc != 2 ) /* argc should be 2 for correct execution */
{
/* Assuming argv[0] it is the program name */
printf( \"Error in %s filename\", argv[0] );
exit();
}
else
{
// argv[1] is a filename to open
FILE *file = fopen( argv[1], \"r\" );
/* fopen returns 0 on failure */
if ( file == 0 )
{
printf( \"Could not open file\ \" );
}
else
{
char str[MAX_LENGTH];
/* read one word at a time from file, stopping at EOF,
indicating the end of the file. */
while ( fgets(str,sizeof str,file)!=NULL )
{
// check if list is empty
if (head == NULL)
{
head = (strNode*) malloc(sizeof(strNode)); // create head node
strcpy(head->data, str);
}
// if list not empty
else
{
current = head; // start at the beginning
while (current->next != NULL)
{
current = current->next; // traverse to the end of the list
}
current->next = (strNode*) malloc(sizeof(strNode));
current = current->next;
strcpy(current->data, str);
display(current);
}
}
fclose( file );
}
}
return 0;
}
void display(struct node *disp)
{
printf(\"%s \", disp->data);
if (disp->next == NULL)
{
return;
}
display(disp->next);
}.
C-Program Custom Library, Header File, and Implementation FilesI .pdf
C-Program: Custom Library, Header File, and Implementation Files
I have this main.c file:
#include
#include
#include \"stats.h\"
int readGrades(char fileName[], float grades[]);
//Include this function prototype
void WelcomeToTheProgram();
int main()
{
///Declare Variables
char fileName[30];
float grades[1000]; //to store grades
int i, ArrayCount[10] = {0}; //to store histogram counts
/* Rewrite this line */
int num_grades; //for # of grades in file
///Call Intro Comment
WelcomeToTheProgram();
///Enter Filename
printf(\"\ \ \ Enter the data filename: \");
scanf(\"%s\", &fileName);
//Get # of grades in file
num_grades = readGrades(fileName, grades); //get # of grades in file
///Print Results
printf(\"There are %d grades read\ \", num_grades);
printf(\"Mean = %f\ \", mean(grades, num_grades));
printf(\"Variance = %f \ \", variance(grades, num_grades));
printf(\"Maximum = %f \ \", maximum(grades, num_grades));
printf(\"Minumum = %f \ \", minimum(grades, num_grades));
//Call histogram
histogram(grades, ArrayCount, num_grades);
//Print the histogram
printf(\"Grade Histogram\ \");
for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
if (i != 9)
{
printf(\"\ %d %% - %d %%: %d \", i * 10, ((i + 1) * 10) - 1, ArrayCount[i]);
}
else
{
printf(\"\ 90 %% - 100 %%: %d\ \", ArrayCount[i]);
}
}
return 0;
}
///Reads all grades from the file to array
int readGrades(char fileName[], float grades[])
{
FILE *fpin = fopen(fileName, \"r\");
int num_scores = 0;
float value;
if (fpin == NULL)
{
printf(\"Cannot open the file\ \");
exit(0);
}
while ((fscanf(fpin, \"%f\", &value)) != EOF)
{
grades[num_scores] = value;
num_scores++;
}
return num_scores;
}
void WelcomeToTheProgram()
{
printf(\"***Welcome to the Program Which Involves a Custom Library***\");
printf(\"\ The program finds the minimum value, maximum value, mean,\");
printf(\"variance, and a histogram of the grades of data by calling\");
printf(\"implementation files min(), max(), mean(), variance(), and histogram().\ \");
}
But, the only thing that prints is
Enter the data file name: grades.txt
There are 400 grades read.
Then the program just stops, it does not print the min, max, mean, variance, or histogram. Any
ideas? Am I using the custom library wrong, the implementation files (for min, max, mean,
variance, and histogram) all check out with no warnings or errors.
Here is stats.h:
#ifndef STATS_H
#define STATS_H
float minimum(float *grades[], int Size); // NOTE: You need to complete the prototypes
float maximum(float *grades[], int Size);
float mean(float *grades[], int Size);
float variance(float *grades[], int Size);
void histogram(float *grades[], int *ArrayCount, int Size);
#endif // STATS_H
And here is the grades file:
Solution
//stats.h
#ifndef STATS_H
#define STATS_H
float minimum(float grades[], int Size); // NOTE: You need to complete the prototypes
float maximum(float grades[], int Size);
float mean(float grades[], int Size);
float variance(float grades[], int Size);
void histogram(float grades[], int ArrayCount[], int S.
C code#include stdio.hint main(void) { FILE infp, o.pdf
C code:
#include
int main(void)
{
FILE *infp, *outfp;
int ID,day,hr,i=1;
int Temp_ID,Total_hr;
int Line_No=0;
if ((infp = fopen(\"emp.txt\", \"r\"))==NULL)
{
printf(\"Input file cannot be opened\ \");
return-1;
}
if ((outfp = fopen(\"out.txt\", \"w\"))==NULL)
{
printf(\"Output file cannot be opened\ \");
return-1;
}
while(!feof(infp))
{
Line_No=Line_No+1;
fscanf(infp,\"%d %d\",&ID,&hr);
if(Line_No==1)
{
Temp_ID=ID;day=1;Total_hr=hr;
}
else
{
if(Temp_ID==ID)
{
day=day+1;
Total_hr=Total_hr+hr;
}
else
{
fprintf(outfp,\"%d %d %d\ \",Temp_ID,day,Total_hr);
Temp_ID=ID;day=1;Total_hr=hr;
}
}
}
fprintf(outfp,\"%d %d %d\ \",Temp_ID,day-1,Total_hr-hr);
fclose(infp);
fclose(outfp);
}
emp.txt:
11 2
11 8
11 5
15 10
18 4
18 16
20 23
20 11
out.txt:
11 3 15
15 1 10
18 2 20
20 2 34
Solution
C code:
#include
int main(void)
{
FILE *infp, *outfp;
int ID,day,hr,i=1;
int Temp_ID,Total_hr;
int Line_No=0;
if ((infp = fopen(\"emp.txt\", \"r\"))==NULL)
{
printf(\"Input file cannot be opened\ \");
return-1;
}
if ((outfp = fopen(\"out.txt\", \"w\"))==NULL)
{
printf(\"Output file cannot be opened\ \");
return-1;
}
while(!feof(infp))
{
Line_No=Line_No+1;
fscanf(infp,\"%d %d\",&ID,&hr);
if(Line_No==1)
{
Temp_ID=ID;day=1;Total_hr=hr;
}
else
{
if(Temp_ID==ID)
{
day=day+1;
Total_hr=Total_hr+hr;
}
else
{
fprintf(outfp,\"%d %d %d\ \",Temp_ID,day,Total_hr);
Temp_ID=ID;day=1;Total_hr=hr;
}
}
}
fprintf(outfp,\"%d %d %d\ \",Temp_ID,day-1,Total_hr-hr);
fclose(infp);
fclose(outfp);
}
emp.txt:
11 2
11 8
11 5
15 10
18 4
18 16
20 23
20 11
out.txt:
11 3 15
15 1 10
18 2 20
20 2 34.
Python build your security tools.pdf
How To Build Your Own Security Tools with Python, Basics ideas and code snippets.
By Ahmed Elshaer
Write a C++ program 1. Study the function process_text() in file.pdf
Write a C++ program
1. Study the function process_text() in file \"text_processing.cpp\". What do the string member
functions find(), substr(), c_str() do?
//text_processing.cpp
#include \"util.h\"
#include \"text_processing.h\"
#include
using namespace std;
int process_text( fstream &ifs, fstream &ofs, char target[] )
{
string replace_str( \"XXX\" ); //hard-coded string for replacement
int tlen = strlen( target ); //string length of target
int max_len = 200; //maximum length of a line
char s[max_len+1];
clear_screen(); //clear the screen
while ( !ifs.eof() ) {
int i2, i1 = 0, len=0;
ifs.getline( s, max_len ); //get one line from file
string str( s ); //construct a string object
i2 = str.find ( target, i1 ); //find target
len = i2 - i1;
if ( i2 > -1 && len > 0 ){ //if target found
print_text( str.substr( i1, i2 ).c_str() ); //print up to target
ofs << str.substr( i1, i2 );
}
while ( i2 > -1 ) {
print_text_inverse ( target ); //highlight target
ofs << replace_str;
i1 = i2 + tlen; //new search position
i2 = str.find ( target, i1 ); //find next target
len = i2 - i1;
if ( i2 > -1 && len > 0 ){ //found target
print_text( str.substr( i1, len ).c_str() ); //print up to target
ofs << str.substr( i1, len );
}
}
len = str.length() - i1;
if ( len > 0 ) { //print the remainder
print_text( str.substr( i1, len ).c_str() );
ofs << str.substr( i1, len );
}
ofs << endl;
getnstr( s, 1 ); //prompt for
} //while ( !ifs.eof() )
restore_screen(); //restore the old screen
return 1;
}
//text_processing.h
#ifndef TEXT_PROCESSING_H
#define TEXT_PROCESSING_H
#include
#include
using namespace std;
int process_text( fstream &ifs, fstream &ofs, char target[] );
#endif
//util.h
#ifndef UTIL_H
#define UTIL_H
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
void usage ( char program_name[] );
void clear_screen();
void print_text( const char *s );
void print_text_inverse( const char *s );
void get_input_text( char *s, int max_len );
void restore_screen();
#endif
//util.cpp
#include \"util.h\"
void usage ( char program_name[] )
{
cout << \"Usage: \" << program_name << \" infile outfile search_string\" << endl;
return;
}
/*
The following are some curses functions. You can find
the details by the command \"man ncurses\". But its use
can be transparent to you.
*/
void clear_screen()
{
initscr();
scrollok ( stdscr, true ); //allow window to scroll
}
void print_text ( const char *s )
{
printw(\"%s\", s );
refresh();
}
void print_text_inverse( const char *s )
{
attron( A_REVERSE );
printw(\"%s\", s );
attroff( A_REVERSE );
refresh();
}
void get_input_text( char *s, int max_len )
{
getnstr( s, max_len );
}
void restore_screen()
{
endwin();
}
//str_main.cpp
#include \"util.h\"
#include \"text_processing.h\"
#include
using namespace std;
/*
Note that grace_open() must be defined in same file
as main(), otherwise the destructor of fstream will
automatically close the opened file as it finds that
its out of scope upon exiting the function.
*/
int grace_open( char *s, fst.
IN C LANGUAGE- I've been trying to finish this program for the last fe.docx
IN C LANGUAGE: I've been trying to finish this program for the last few days, and I'm stuck on one part of it, and I can't figure out what to do.
The goal is to read in a file (separated by commas), put the information into a linked list, and then sort that linked list by either first or last name using function pointers.
Everything I have so far works, aside from the fact that my output is never sorted. I'm doing something wrong with the listSort function, and I don't know what it is.
Can anyone please just take a look at what I have and offer a suggestion or solution? It might not even be an issue with the function itself, but something somewhere else.
I would greatly appreciate it.
Please do not make any changes to the variables in the structs. Month has to be a string, it cannot be an integer.
driver.c:
#include "functions.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
//creating input and output files
FILE* in = NULL;
FILE* out = NULL;
node_t* head = NULL;
node_t* temp = NULL;
//checking for 4 command line arguments
assert(argc == 4);
//opening input file
in = fopen(argv[1], "r");
assert(in != NULL);
//opening output file
out = fopen(argv[2], "w");
assert(out != NULL);
int sortBy = atoi(argv[4]);
temp = createList(in, &head);
if(sortBy == 1) {
sortList(&head, compare_by_firstname);
}
else if(sortBy == 2) {
sortList(&head, compare_by_lastname);
}
printList(out, temp);
deleteList(&head);
//closing files
fclose(in);
fclose(out);
return 0;
}
functions.c:
#include "functions.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
bool isLeapYear(int year) {
if(year % 4 != 0) {
return false;
}
else if(year % 100 != 0) {
return true;
}
else if(year % 400 != 0) {
return false;
}
else {
return true;
}
}
void printBorder(FILE* out)
{
int i = 0;
for(i = 0; i < 80; i++)
fprintf(out,"*");
fprintf(out, "\n");
}
bool checkInvalidDate(node_t *node) {
int year = (int)node->birthday.year;
if(node->birthday.day < 1 || node->birthday.year < 1) {
return true;
}
if(strcmp(node->birthday.month, "February") == 0) {
if(isLeapYear(year)) {
if(node->birthday.day > 29) {
return true;
}
}
else if(node->birthday.day > 28) {
return true;
}
}
else if((strcmp(node->birthday.month, "April") == 0) || (strcmp(node->birthday.month, "June") == 0) ||
(strcmp(node->birthday.month, "September") == 0) || (strcmp(node->birthday.month, "November") == 0)) {
if(node->birthday.day > 30) {
return true;
}
}
else {
if(node->birthday.day > 31) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
void add(node_t **node, node_t **head) {
node_t* current = *head;
while(current != NULL) {
//comparing first and last names to check for duplicates; if duplicate the info isn't added to the list
if((strcmp(current->firstName, (*node)->firstName) == 0) && (strcmp(current->lastName, (*node)->lastName) == 0)) {
return;
}
current = current->next;
}
//adding information as a node to the list
(*node.
File handling in 'C'
THese slides will help in understanding the concepts and functionalities of file handling in Programming of C
Python 3.x File Object Manipulation Cheatsheet
Most commonly used commands and functions that are used for reading and writing text files in Python 3.x. Therefore, these commands are used for manipulating file objects.
2H2+O2=2H2O2 moles react with one mole of oxygen to give two moles.pdf
2H2+O2=2H2O
2 moles react with one mole of oxygen to give two moles of water
in this case oxygen is sufficient but hydrogen is less
one mole of oxygen remains unreacted
so 2 moles of water are produced
Solution
2H2+O2=2H2O
2 moles react with one mole of oxygen to give two moles of water
in this case oxygen is sufficient but hydrogen is less
one mole of oxygen remains unreacted
so 2 moles of water are produced.
10 = ( 1+ 65200 ) ^n10 = 1.0115 ^ (n)n = 201.37Solu.pdf
10 = ( 1+ 6/5200 ) ^n
10 = 1.0115 ^ (n)
n = 201.37
Solution
10 = ( 1+ 6/5200 ) ^n
10 = 1.0115 ^ (n)
n = 201.37.
More Related Content
Similar to Comments added.#include stdio.h #include stdlib.hint main(.pdf
C-Program Custom Library, Header File, and Implementation FilesI .pdf
C-Program: Custom Library, Header File, and Implementation Files
I have this main.c file:
#include
#include
#include \"stats.h\"
int readGrades(char fileName[], float grades[]);
//Include this function prototype
void WelcomeToTheProgram();
int main()
{
///Declare Variables
char fileName[30];
float grades[1000]; //to store grades
int i, ArrayCount[10] = {0}; //to store histogram counts
/* Rewrite this line */
int num_grades; //for # of grades in file
///Call Intro Comment
WelcomeToTheProgram();
///Enter Filename
printf(\"\ \ \ Enter the data filename: \");
scanf(\"%s\", &fileName);
//Get # of grades in file
num_grades = readGrades(fileName, grades); //get # of grades in file
///Print Results
printf(\"There are %d grades read\ \", num_grades);
printf(\"Mean = %f\ \", mean(grades, num_grades));
printf(\"Variance = %f \ \", variance(grades, num_grades));
printf(\"Maximum = %f \ \", maximum(grades, num_grades));
printf(\"Minumum = %f \ \", minimum(grades, num_grades));
//Call histogram
histogram(grades, ArrayCount, num_grades);
//Print the histogram
printf(\"Grade Histogram\ \");
for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
if (i != 9)
{
printf(\"\ %d %% - %d %%: %d \", i * 10, ((i + 1) * 10) - 1, ArrayCount[i]);
}
else
{
printf(\"\ 90 %% - 100 %%: %d\ \", ArrayCount[i]);
}
}
return 0;
}
///Reads all grades from the file to array
int readGrades(char fileName[], float grades[])
{
FILE *fpin = fopen(fileName, \"r\");
int num_scores = 0;
float value;
if (fpin == NULL)
{
printf(\"Cannot open the file\ \");
exit(0);
}
while ((fscanf(fpin, \"%f\", &value)) != EOF)
{
grades[num_scores] = value;
num_scores++;
}
return num_scores;
}
void WelcomeToTheProgram()
{
printf(\"***Welcome to the Program Which Involves a Custom Library***\");
printf(\"\ The program finds the minimum value, maximum value, mean,\");
printf(\"variance, and a histogram of the grades of data by calling\");
printf(\"implementation files min(), max(), mean(), variance(), and histogram().\ \");
}
But, the only thing that prints is
Enter the data file name: grades.txt
There are 400 grades read.
Then the program just stops, it does not print the min, max, mean, variance, or histogram. Any
ideas? Am I using the custom library wrong, the implementation files (for min, max, mean,
variance, and histogram) all check out with no warnings or errors.
Here is stats.h:
#ifndef STATS_H
#define STATS_H
float minimum(float *grades[], int Size); // NOTE: You need to complete the prototypes
float maximum(float *grades[], int Size);
float mean(float *grades[], int Size);
float variance(float *grades[], int Size);
void histogram(float *grades[], int *ArrayCount, int Size);
#endif // STATS_H
And here is the grades file:
Solution
//stats.h
#ifndef STATS_H
#define STATS_H
float minimum(float grades[], int Size); // NOTE: You need to complete the prototypes
float maximum(float grades[], int Size);
float mean(float grades[], int Size);
float variance(float grades[], int Size);
void histogram(float grades[], int ArrayCount[], int S.
C code#include stdio.hint main(void) { FILE infp, o.pdf
C code:
#include
int main(void)
{
FILE *infp, *outfp;
int ID,day,hr,i=1;
int Temp_ID,Total_hr;
int Line_No=0;
if ((infp = fopen(\"emp.txt\", \"r\"))==NULL)
{
printf(\"Input file cannot be opened\ \");
return-1;
}
if ((outfp = fopen(\"out.txt\", \"w\"))==NULL)
{
printf(\"Output file cannot be opened\ \");
return-1;
}
while(!feof(infp))
{
Line_No=Line_No+1;
fscanf(infp,\"%d %d\",&ID,&hr);
if(Line_No==1)
{
Temp_ID=ID;day=1;Total_hr=hr;
}
else
{
if(Temp_ID==ID)
{
day=day+1;
Total_hr=Total_hr+hr;
}
else
{
fprintf(outfp,\"%d %d %d\ \",Temp_ID,day,Total_hr);
Temp_ID=ID;day=1;Total_hr=hr;
}
}
}
fprintf(outfp,\"%d %d %d\ \",Temp_ID,day-1,Total_hr-hr);
fclose(infp);
fclose(outfp);
}
emp.txt:
11 2
11 8
11 5
15 10
18 4
18 16
20 23
20 11
out.txt:
11 3 15
15 1 10
18 2 20
20 2 34
Solution
C code:
#include
int main(void)
{
FILE *infp, *outfp;
int ID,day,hr,i=1;
int Temp_ID,Total_hr;
int Line_No=0;
if ((infp = fopen(\"emp.txt\", \"r\"))==NULL)
{
printf(\"Input file cannot be opened\ \");
return-1;
}
if ((outfp = fopen(\"out.txt\", \"w\"))==NULL)
{
printf(\"Output file cannot be opened\ \");
return-1;
}
while(!feof(infp))
{
Line_No=Line_No+1;
fscanf(infp,\"%d %d\",&ID,&hr);
if(Line_No==1)
{
Temp_ID=ID;day=1;Total_hr=hr;
}
else
{
if(Temp_ID==ID)
{
day=day+1;
Total_hr=Total_hr+hr;
}
else
{
fprintf(outfp,\"%d %d %d\ \",Temp_ID,day,Total_hr);
Temp_ID=ID;day=1;Total_hr=hr;
}
}
}
fprintf(outfp,\"%d %d %d\ \",Temp_ID,day-1,Total_hr-hr);
fclose(infp);
fclose(outfp);
}
emp.txt:
11 2
11 8
11 5
15 10
18 4
18 16
20 23
20 11
out.txt:
11 3 15
15 1 10
18 2 20
20 2 34.
Python build your security tools.pdf
How To Build Your Own Security Tools with Python, Basics ideas and code snippets.
By Ahmed Elshaer
Write a C++ program 1. Study the function process_text() in file.pdf
Write a C++ program
1. Study the function process_text() in file \"text_processing.cpp\". What do the string member
functions find(), substr(), c_str() do?
//text_processing.cpp
#include \"util.h\"
#include \"text_processing.h\"
#include
using namespace std;
int process_text( fstream &ifs, fstream &ofs, char target[] )
{
string replace_str( \"XXX\" ); //hard-coded string for replacement
int tlen = strlen( target ); //string length of target
int max_len = 200; //maximum length of a line
char s[max_len+1];
clear_screen(); //clear the screen
while ( !ifs.eof() ) {
int i2, i1 = 0, len=0;
ifs.getline( s, max_len ); //get one line from file
string str( s ); //construct a string object
i2 = str.find ( target, i1 ); //find target
len = i2 - i1;
if ( i2 > -1 && len > 0 ){ //if target found
print_text( str.substr( i1, i2 ).c_str() ); //print up to target
ofs << str.substr( i1, i2 );
}
while ( i2 > -1 ) {
print_text_inverse ( target ); //highlight target
ofs << replace_str;
i1 = i2 + tlen; //new search position
i2 = str.find ( target, i1 ); //find next target
len = i2 - i1;
if ( i2 > -1 && len > 0 ){ //found target
print_text( str.substr( i1, len ).c_str() ); //print up to target
ofs << str.substr( i1, len );
}
}
len = str.length() - i1;
if ( len > 0 ) { //print the remainder
print_text( str.substr( i1, len ).c_str() );
ofs << str.substr( i1, len );
}
ofs << endl;
getnstr( s, 1 ); //prompt for
} //while ( !ifs.eof() )
restore_screen(); //restore the old screen
return 1;
}
//text_processing.h
#ifndef TEXT_PROCESSING_H
#define TEXT_PROCESSING_H
#include
#include
using namespace std;
int process_text( fstream &ifs, fstream &ofs, char target[] );
#endif
//util.h
#ifndef UTIL_H
#define UTIL_H
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
void usage ( char program_name[] );
void clear_screen();
void print_text( const char *s );
void print_text_inverse( const char *s );
void get_input_text( char *s, int max_len );
void restore_screen();
#endif
//util.cpp
#include \"util.h\"
void usage ( char program_name[] )
{
cout << \"Usage: \" << program_name << \" infile outfile search_string\" << endl;
return;
}
/*
The following are some curses functions. You can find
the details by the command \"man ncurses\". But its use
can be transparent to you.
*/
void clear_screen()
{
initscr();
scrollok ( stdscr, true ); //allow window to scroll
}
void print_text ( const char *s )
{
printw(\"%s\", s );
refresh();
}
void print_text_inverse( const char *s )
{
attron( A_REVERSE );
printw(\"%s\", s );
attroff( A_REVERSE );
refresh();
}
void get_input_text( char *s, int max_len )
{
getnstr( s, max_len );
}
void restore_screen()
{
endwin();
}
//str_main.cpp
#include \"util.h\"
#include \"text_processing.h\"
#include
using namespace std;
/*
Note that grace_open() must be defined in same file
as main(), otherwise the destructor of fstream will
automatically close the opened file as it finds that
its out of scope upon exiting the function.
*/
int grace_open( char *s, fst.
IN C LANGUAGE- I've been trying to finish this program for the last fe.docx
IN C LANGUAGE: I've been trying to finish this program for the last few days, and I'm stuck on one part of it, and I can't figure out what to do.
The goal is to read in a file (separated by commas), put the information into a linked list, and then sort that linked list by either first or last name using function pointers.
Everything I have so far works, aside from the fact that my output is never sorted. I'm doing something wrong with the listSort function, and I don't know what it is.
Can anyone please just take a look at what I have and offer a suggestion or solution? It might not even be an issue with the function itself, but something somewhere else.
I would greatly appreciate it.
Please do not make any changes to the variables in the structs. Month has to be a string, it cannot be an integer.
driver.c:
#include "functions.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
//creating input and output files
FILE* in = NULL;
FILE* out = NULL;
node_t* head = NULL;
node_t* temp = NULL;
//checking for 4 command line arguments
assert(argc == 4);
//opening input file
in = fopen(argv[1], "r");
assert(in != NULL);
//opening output file
out = fopen(argv[2], "w");
assert(out != NULL);
int sortBy = atoi(argv[4]);
temp = createList(in, &head);
if(sortBy == 1) {
sortList(&head, compare_by_firstname);
}
else if(sortBy == 2) {
sortList(&head, compare_by_lastname);
}
printList(out, temp);
deleteList(&head);
//closing files
fclose(in);
fclose(out);
return 0;
}
functions.c:
#include "functions.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
bool isLeapYear(int year) {
if(year % 4 != 0) {
return false;
}
else if(year % 100 != 0) {
return true;
}
else if(year % 400 != 0) {
return false;
}
else {
return true;
}
}
void printBorder(FILE* out)
{
int i = 0;
for(i = 0; i < 80; i++)
fprintf(out,"*");
fprintf(out, "\n");
}
bool checkInvalidDate(node_t *node) {
int year = (int)node->birthday.year;
if(node->birthday.day < 1 || node->birthday.year < 1) {
return true;
}
if(strcmp(node->birthday.month, "February") == 0) {
if(isLeapYear(year)) {
if(node->birthday.day > 29) {
return true;
}
}
else if(node->birthday.day > 28) {
return true;
}
}
else if((strcmp(node->birthday.month, "April") == 0) || (strcmp(node->birthday.month, "June") == 0) ||
(strcmp(node->birthday.month, "September") == 0) || (strcmp(node->birthday.month, "November") == 0)) {
if(node->birthday.day > 30) {
return true;
}
}
else {
if(node->birthday.day > 31) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
void add(node_t **node, node_t **head) {
node_t* current = *head;
while(current != NULL) {
//comparing first and last names to check for duplicates; if duplicate the info isn't added to the list
if((strcmp(current->firstName, (*node)->firstName) == 0) && (strcmp(current->lastName, (*node)->lastName) == 0)) {
return;
}
current = current->next;
}
//adding information as a node to the list
(*node.
File handling in 'C'
THese slides will help in understanding the concepts and functionalities of file handling in Programming of C
Python 3.x File Object Manipulation Cheatsheet
Most commonly used commands and functions that are used for reading and writing text files in Python 3.x. Therefore, these commands are used for manipulating file objects.
Similar to Comments added.#include stdio.h #include stdlib.hint main(.pdf (20)
C-Program Custom Library, Header File, and Implementation FilesI .pdf
C-Program Custom Library, Header File, and Implementation FilesI .pdf
C code#include stdio.hint main(void) { FILE infp, o.pdf
C code#include stdio.hint main(void) { FILE infp, o.pdf
Write a C++ program 1. Study the function process_text() in file.pdf
Write a C++ program 1. Study the function process_text() in file.pdf
IN C LANGUAGE- I've been trying to finish this program for the last fe.docx
IN C LANGUAGE- I've been trying to finish this program for the last fe.docx
More from info235816
2H2+O2=2H2O2 moles react with one mole of oxygen to give two moles.pdf
2H2+O2=2H2O
2 moles react with one mole of oxygen to give two moles of water
in this case oxygen is sufficient but hydrogen is less
one mole of oxygen remains unreacted
so 2 moles of water are produced
Solution
2H2+O2=2H2O
2 moles react with one mole of oxygen to give two moles of water
in this case oxygen is sufficient but hydrogen is less
one mole of oxygen remains unreacted
so 2 moles of water are produced.
10 = ( 1+ 65200 ) ^n10 = 1.0115 ^ (n)n = 201.37Solu.pdf
10 = ( 1+ 6/5200 ) ^n
10 = 1.0115 ^ (n)
n = 201.37
Solution
10 = ( 1+ 6/5200 ) ^n
10 = 1.0115 ^ (n)
n = 201.37.
1) Sugar because Payments to Labour has major component in Expenses .pdf
1) Sugar because Payments to Labour has major component in Expenses ;
Solution
1) Sugar because Payments to Labour has major component in Expenses ;.
Yellow fever is caused by the yellow fever virus and is spread by th.pdf
Yellow fever is caused by the yellow fever virus and is spread by the bite of an infected female
mosquito. The mosquitoes feeds during the daytime. Chikungunya is caused by the chikungunya
virus. The virus is spread by the female mosquito.
It might be possible they could become established in the future. But mosquito control and
avoiding mosquito bites will control the endemic spread of the infection. Also vaccinations of
the travelers and immigrants will also avoid the spreading of the disease.
Solution
Yellow fever is caused by the yellow fever virus and is spread by the bite of an infected female
mosquito. The mosquitoes feeds during the daytime. Chikungunya is caused by the chikungunya
virus. The virus is spread by the female mosquito.
It might be possible they could become established in the future. But mosquito control and
avoiding mosquito bites will control the endemic spread of the infection. Also vaccinations of
the travelers and immigrants will also avoid the spreading of the disease..
Values are so important in life. The values kids learn at a young ag.pdf
Values are so important in life. The values kids learn at a young age will be fruitful in their
personal and social life.
Solution
Values are so important in life. The values kids learn at a young age will be fruitful in their
personal and social life..
Time Value of Money (TVM) Value of the money does not remain same i.pdf
Time Value of Money (TVM): Value of the money does not remain same it perishes over a span
of time of it its value go down over a period of time there are various factor one of the major
factor is inflation to compensate inflation and risk interest is given on the lending. So when we
take financial decisions like investment etc. we need to keep in mind the present value of the
inflow of the investment if that money will recovered after certain period of time or if it is series
of the inflow over a certain period of time then present value of all such inflows and also we
need to know what will be the future value of the money after certain period of time or if it is
series of inflow then future value of all such money at end of certain period.
The formula to know the present value of the annuities is PV=P((1-(1+r)^(-n))/r) where P is the
annuity, r is the discount rate and n is the number of period in the same manner formula to know
the future value of the annuity is FV =P *( {(((1+R)^N) - 1) / R}, where ) where P is the annuity,
r is the Interest rate and n is the number of period
Solution
Time Value of Money (TVM): Value of the money does not remain same it perishes over a span
of time of it its value go down over a period of time there are various factor one of the major
factor is inflation to compensate inflation and risk interest is given on the lending. So when we
take financial decisions like investment etc. we need to keep in mind the present value of the
inflow of the investment if that money will recovered after certain period of time or if it is series
of the inflow over a certain period of time then present value of all such inflows and also we
need to know what will be the future value of the money after certain period of time or if it is
series of inflow then future value of all such money at end of certain period.
The formula to know the present value of the annuities is PV=P((1-(1+r)^(-n))/r) where P is the
annuity, r is the discount rate and n is the number of period in the same manner formula to know
the future value of the annuity is FV =P *( {(((1+R)^N) - 1) / R}, where ) where P is the annuity,
r is the Interest rate and n is the number of period.
#include stdio.h #include stdlib.h int main() { int l1.pdf
#include
#include
int main() {
int l1[5]={2,4,6,8,10};
int l2[5]={3,5,7,9,11};
int l3[5]={6,10,14,18,22};
printf(\"%d\ \", print_random(l1));
printf(\"%d\ \", print_random(l2));
printf(\"%d\ \", print_random(l3));
return 0;
}
int print_random(int list){
int n;
n = rand() % sizeof(list) + 1;
return list[n];
}
Solution
#include
#include
int main() {
int l1[5]={2,4,6,8,10};
int l2[5]={3,5,7,9,11};
int l3[5]={6,10,14,18,22};
printf(\"%d\ \", print_random(l1));
printf(\"%d\ \", print_random(l2));
printf(\"%d\ \", print_random(l3));
return 0;
}
int print_random(int list){
int n;
n = rand() % sizeof(list) + 1;
return list[n];
}.
The shape is angular, because of the two pairs of.pdf
The shape is angular, because of the two pairs of nonbonded electrons in O that
bend the molecule.
Solution
The shape is angular, because of the two pairs of nonbonded electrons in O that
bend the molecule..
Step1 Moles of ions from NaCl = 2x.46 = .92 Step2.pdf
Step1 Moles of ions from NaCl = 2x.46 = .92 Step2 Moles of ions from MgCl2 =3
x.034 =.102 Step3 Moles of ions from MgSO4= 2x.019 =.038 Step4 CaSO4 is sparingly soluble
in water ; moles =.009 Step5 Total concentration of solute ions = 1.069 Moles Step6
Solution
being a dilute one ; molality is almost equal to molarity Step7 Osmotic pressure = 1.069 x .082 x
293 = 25.68 atm.
so that the reaction takes place and forms (=0 )b.pdf
so that the reaction takes place and forms (=0 )bond with carbon in the place of oh
group
Solution
so that the reaction takes place and forms (=0 )bond with carbon in the place of oh
group.
PV = nRT in both cases other one is taken consta.pdf
PV = nRT in both cases other one is taken constant
Solution
PV = nRT in both cases other one is taken constant.
In case of SO2 Dipole - Dipole forces are stron.pdf
In case of SO2 : Dipole - Dipole forces are strongest MgCl2 : Ionic bonding forces
between Mg2+ and Cl-
Solution
In case of SO2 : Dipole - Dipole forces are strongest MgCl2 : Ionic bonding forces
between Mg2+ and Cl-.
D) None of the above. first nitration takes place.pdf
D) None of the above. first nitration takes place when u add hno3 and then
sulphonation in ortho position. which has so3H..so either of nitrated product or sulphonated
product wid SO3H is formed..which is not present in options..
Solution
D) None of the above. first nitration takes place when u add hno3 and then
sulphonation in ortho position. which has so3H..so either of nitrated product or sulphonated
product wid SO3H is formed..which is not present in options...
Decrease in Entropy (S) always occurs when the ph.pdf
Decrease in Entropy (S) always occurs when the phase changes from a less ordered
state (such as a gas), to a more ordered state (such as a solid) Decrease in Enthalpy (H) occurs
when a system loses energy. A gas has a high amount of internal energy (think hundreds of ping
pong balls bouncing around in a container), while a solid has the least internal energy (imagine
those same pingpong balls stacked into a lattice). Solid to gas causes an increase in entropy
(more random) and enthalpy (more energy) Solid to liquid still causes both entropy and enthalpy
to increase. Liquid to gas also causes an increase in both entropy and enthalpy for the same
reasons. The reverses of these reactions: Gas to solid, Gas to liquid, and Liquid to solid all have
a decrease in enthalpy and entropy. Example: Gas to Liquid. As a gas cools, it loses energy.
Eventually it will clump together to form a liquid, which decreases its entropy.
Solution
Decrease in Entropy (S) always occurs when the phase changes from a less ordered
state (such as a gas), to a more ordered state (such as a solid) Decrease in Enthalpy (H) occurs
when a system loses energy. A gas has a high amount of internal energy (think hundreds of ping
pong balls bouncing around in a container), while a solid has the least internal energy (imagine
those same pingpong balls stacked into a lattice). Solid to gas causes an increase in entropy
(more random) and enthalpy (more energy) Solid to liquid still causes both entropy and enthalpy
to increase. Liquid to gas also causes an increase in both entropy and enthalpy for the same
reasons. The reverses of these reactions: Gas to solid, Gas to liquid, and Liquid to solid all have
a decrease in enthalpy and entropy. Example: Gas to Liquid. As a gas cools, it loses energy.
Eventually it will clump together to form a liquid, which decreases its entropy..
The diploid genetic system is more intersting than th monoploid gene.pdf
The diploid genetic system is more intersting than th monoploid genetic system due to followinf
reasons:Completely dominant allelesIncompletely dominant allelesCodominant allelesIn
complete dominance, the effect of one allele in heterozygous genotype completely masks the
other. The allele that masks the other is said to be dominant while the other which has been
masked is called recessive.Incomplete dominance is a form of inheritance in which one allele
for a specific trait is not completely expressed over its paired allele. This results in a third
phenotype in which the physical traits expressed are a combination of both alleles.Allels that are
masked or hidden by dominant alleles are known as recessive alleles. In some situations, both
alleles are expressed equally.Example : The flower\'s on Mendel\'s pea plant.Example: Pink
rosesExample: blood group AB
Solution
The diploid genetic system is more intersting than th monoploid genetic system due to followinf
reasons:Completely dominant allelesIncompletely dominant allelesCodominant allelesIn
complete dominance, the effect of one allele in heterozygous genotype completely masks the
other. The allele that masks the other is said to be dominant while the other which has been
masked is called recessive.Incomplete dominance is a form of inheritance in which one allele
for a specific trait is not completely expressed over its paired allele. This results in a third
phenotype in which the physical traits expressed are a combination of both alleles.Allels that are
masked or hidden by dominant alleles are known as recessive alleles. In some situations, both
alleles are expressed equally.Example : The flower\'s on Mendel\'s pea plant.Example: Pink
rosesExample: blood group AB.
Solution If r t= Multiply both the sides by -1 , we have= -.pdf
Solution
: If r Multiply both the sides by -1 , we have
=> -r >-t
So option B is correct.
Step-1Code the playing card and then sort the cards in a deck.Ste.pdf
Step-1:Code the playing card and then sort the cards in a deck.
Step-2:Code the deck of cards then take a card from the deck.
Step-3:use the deck of cards and then rank distribution of cards.
PROGRAM IN VB.NET
Public Class Form1
02
Dim TheDeck As DeckOfCards
03
Dim Hands(NumberOfHands - 1) As HandOfCards
04
Const NumberOfHands As Integer = 10
05
06
07
Private Sub Form1_Paint(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e
AsSystem.Windows.Forms.PaintEventArgs) Handles Me.Paint
08
If TheDeck IsNot Nothing Then
09
For i = 0 To NumberOfHands - 1
10
Hands(i).DrawHand(e.Graphics, 25, 25 + i * 65)
11
Next
12
End If
13
14
15
End Sub
16
17
18
Private Sub Button1_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As
System.EventArgs)Handles Button1.Click
19
Console.WriteLine(\"--------\")
20
21
22
TheDeck = New DeckOfCards
23
TheDeck.ShuffleCards()
24
TheDeck.ShuffleCards()
25
\'TheDeck.ShuffleCards()
26
\' TheDeck.ShuffleCards()
27
For i = 0 To NumberOfHands - 1
28
Hands(i) = New HandOfCards
29
For c As Integer = 0 To 4
30
Hands(i).AddCard(TheDeck.TakeCard)
31
Next
32
Hands(i).SortHand()
33
Next
34
Array.Sort(Hands, New HandOfCards.HandComparer)
35
For i = 0 To NumberOfHands - 1
36
Console.WriteLine(\"{0}\" & vbTab & \"[{1}] = {2}\" & vbTab & \" {3}\" & vbTab &
\"[{4}]\" & vbTab & \" ({5})\", i + 1, Hands(i).ToString, Hands(i).SuitValueOfHand,
Hands(i).RankDistrubtion, Hands(i).NameOfHand, Hands(i).ValueOfHand)
37
Next
38
\'Console.WriteLine(\"Deck [{0}]\", TheDeck.DeckState)
39
\'Console.WriteLine(\"Deck [{0}]\", TheDeck.DeckState)
40
\'TheDeck.ShuffleCards()
41
\'Console.WriteLine(\"Deck [{0}]\", TheDeck.DeckState)
42
Me.Refresh()
43
End Sub
44
End Class
Public Class Form1
Solution
Step-1:Code the playing card and then sort the cards in a deck.
Step-2:Code the deck of cards then take a card from the deck.
Step-3:use the deck of cards and then rank distribution of cards.
PROGRAM IN VB.NET
Public Class Form1
02
Dim TheDeck As DeckOfCards
03
Dim Hands(NumberOfHands - 1) As HandOfCards
04
Const NumberOfHands As Integer = 10
05
06
07
Private Sub Form1_Paint(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e
AsSystem.Windows.Forms.PaintEventArgs) Handles Me.Paint
08
If TheDeck IsNot Nothing Then
09
For i = 0 To NumberOfHands - 1
10
Hands(i).DrawHand(e.Graphics, 25, 25 + i * 65)
11
Next
12
End If
13
14
15
End Sub
16
17
18
Private Sub Button1_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As
System.EventArgs)Handles Button1.Click
19
Console.WriteLine(\"--------\")
20
21
22
TheDeck = New DeckOfCards
23
TheDeck.ShuffleCards()
24
TheDeck.ShuffleCards()
25
\'TheDeck.ShuffleCards()
26
\' TheDeck.ShuffleCards()
27
For i = 0 To NumberOfHands - 1
28
Hands(i) = New HandOfCards
29
For c As Integer = 0 To 4
30
Hands(i).AddCard(TheDeck.TakeCard)
31
Next
32
Hands(i).SortHand()
33
Next
34
Array.Sort(Hands, New HandOfCards.HandComparer)
35
For i = 0 To NumberOfHands - 1
36
Console.WriteLine(\"{0}\" & vbTab & \"[{1}] = {2}\" & vbTab & \" {3}\" & vbTab &
\"[{4}]\" & vbTab & \" ({5})\", i + 1, Hands(i).ToString, Han.
conc . of H+ = conc. of H3O + = 0.250.17 =0.0425.pdf
conc . of H+ = conc. of H3O + = 0.25*0.17 =0.0425M pH + pOH = 14 always and
[H+]*[OH-] is 10^-14 conc . of OH- = 10^-14/0.0425 =2.3529*10^-13 M
Solution
conc . of H+ = conc. of H3O + = 0.25*0.17 =0.0425M pH + pOH = 14 always and
[H+]*[OH-] is 10^-14 conc . of OH- = 10^-14/0.0425 =2.3529*10^-13 M.
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Step1 Moles of ions from NaCl = 2x.46 = .92 Step2.pdf
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Decrease in Entropy (S) always occurs when the ph.pdf
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The diploid genetic system is more intersting than th monoploid gene.pdf
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Solution If r t= Multiply both the sides by -1 , we have= -.pdf
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Step-1Code the playing card and then sort the cards in a deck.Ste.pdf
Step-1Code the playing card and then sort the cards in a deck.Ste.pdf
conc . of H+ = conc. of H3O + = 0.250.17 =0.0425.pdf
conc . of H+ = conc. of H3O + = 0.250.17 =0.0425.pdf
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Comments added.#include stdio.h #include stdlib.hint main(.pdf
- 1. Comments added. #include #include int main(int argc, char* argv[] { //opening ile File* inf = fopen(argv[1],"r"); if(!inf){ printf("Cannot open file %s ", argv[1]); } // declare array to store numbers int n[NUMBER_PER_LINE]; fscanf(inf, "%d %d %d", &n[0], &n[1], &n[2]); // closing file fclose(inf); //printing integers for(int i=1; i<=NUMBER_PER_LINE; i++){ printf("%d",n[i]); } return 0; ) Solution Comments added. #include #include int main(int argc, char* argv[] { //opening ile File* inf = fopen(argv[1],"r"); if(!inf){
- 2. printf("Cannot open file %s ", argv[1]); } // declare array to store numbers int n[NUMBER_PER_LINE]; fscanf(inf, "%d %d %d", &n[0], &n[1], &n[2]); // closing file fclose(inf); //printing integers for(int i=1; i<=NUMBER_PER_LINE; i++){ printf("%d",n[i]); } return 0; )