I made this presentation in my 7th semester of B.Tech as per academic curriculum.
Took help from several videos from youtube and studied some IBM publications.
Cognitive Era is at the dawn. It does not make machines intelligent but instead it allows them to develop cognisance and learn by themselves as we humans do.
I am fascinated and looking forward to contribute my existence in this great thought of almighty came into human mind.
Guys! You could get a nice introduction from this presentation and explain it to others and even it could be used for your academic homework.
Goodluck! GODSPEED!
Artificial intelligence in practice- part-1GMR Group
Summary is made in 5 parts-
This is Part -1
Cyber-solutions to real-world business problems Artificial Intelligence in Practice is a fascinating look into how companies use AI and machine learning to solve problems. Presenting 50 case studies of actual situations, this book demonstrates practical applications to issues faced by businesses around the globe.
• The rapidly evolving field of artificial intelligence has expanded beyond research labs and computer science departments and made its way into the mainstream business environment.
• Artificial intelligence and machine learning are cited as the most important modern business trends to drive success.
• It is used in areas ranging from banking and finance to social media and marketing.
• This technology continues to provide innovative solutions to businesses of all sizes, sectors and industries.
• This engaging and topical book explores a wide range of cases illustrating how businesses use AI to boost performance, drive efficiency, analyse market preferences and many others.
• This detailed examination provides an overview of each company, describes the specific problem and explains how AI facilitates resolution.
• Each case study provides a comprehensive overview, including some technical details as well as key learning summaries:
o Understand how specific business problems are addressed by innovative machine learning methods Explore how current artificial intelligence applications improve performance and increase efficiency in various situations
o Expand your knowledge of recent AI advancements in technology
o Gain insight on the future of AI and its increasing role in business and industry
o Artificial Intelligence in Practice: How 50 Successful Companies Used Artificial Intelligence to Solve Problems is an insightful and informative exploration of the trans-formative power of technology in 21st century commerce
Will artificial intelligence replace programmersMaciej Dziergwa
Artificial intelligence can compose songs, paint pictures, help in cancer therapy, drive cars and play games. It’s also starting to write code.
Does it mean that the days of human programmers are already numbered? Will software engineering be automated?
Deep Learning Explained: The future of Artificial Intelligence and Smart Netw...Melanie Swan
This talk provides an overview of an important emerging artificial intelligence technology, deep learning neural networks. Deep learning is a branch of computer science focused on machine learning algorithms that model and make predictions about data. A key distinction is that deep learning is not merely a software program, but a new class of information technology that is changing the concept of the modern technology project by replacing hard-coded software with a capacity to learn and execute tasks. In the future, deep learning smart networks might comprise a global computational infrastructure tackling real-time data science problems such as global health monitoring, energy storage and transmission, and financial risk assessment.
AI and the Professions: Past, Present and FutureWarren E. Agin
A presentation to the National Conference of Lawyers and CPA’s - December 11, 2017. Describes the history of AI, explains why the legal and accounting professions are at a turning point, and predicts changes in the professions from AI adoption.
Analytic Law, LLC helps law firms and departments discover how to solve legal problems using analytic techniques, including data analytics, prediction systems, machine learning, game theory and behavioral economics.
Applied Artificial Intelligence: How Machine Learning Transforms How We Live ...Adelyn Zhou
This is a preview of the full book on Applied Artificial Intelligence. For details and more content, visit www.topbots.com/appliedai.
“Artificial intelligence” is the buzz word of the day. You’ve no doubt read your fair share of media hype either proclaiming doom and gloom where robots seize our jobs or prophesying a new utopia where AI cures all our human problems.
The reality is somewhere in between. Unless you work in the field, you may be wondering how AI is used, or even what “AI” really is. Using concrete examples and engaging storytelling, our book Applied Artificial Intelligence helps you understand how these powerful emerging technologies can be used in your own life and work.
From movie recommendations on Netflix, to partner suggestions on dating apps, AI and machine learning already impact your daily life. Even the routes you choose to commute to work and which friends’ posts you see on Facebook or Twitter are heavily governed by sophisticated algorithms. But machine intelligence isn’t just for consumers. In industries ranging from energy and manufacturing, to gaming and retail, to marketing and healthcare, the leading companies in the world are leveraging AI for a competitive edge.
This is a preview of the full book to come. Follow for more details at www.topbots.com/appliedai.
A quick guide to artificial intelligence working - TechaheadJatin Sapra
It is already on its way to achieving so as it has empowered the mobile app development agencies to build what was once assumed impossible. Despite this, much of this field remains undiscovered.
When computers mimic the capabilities of the human brain, that is artificial
intelligence (AI). From the outside, AI looks like computers that have independent
thoughts. Have no fear, however. The gears of their machine “brains” may be turning,
but, for right now, they’re not really thinking—at least not the way that human beings
think.
AI EXPLAINED Non-Technical Guide for PolicymakersBranka Panic
This guide is meant to help policymakers and citizens understand the basics of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and how it affects our society. It offers explanations and additional resources to help policymakers prepare for the current
and future AI developments.
SmartData Webinar: Commercial Cognitive Computing -- How to choose and build ...DATAVERSITY
In the next five years, consumers and businesses will begin to demand more intelligence from the applications they use as they are exposed to smarter, more personalized systems in a variety of industries. Ranging from natural language tools to interact more naturally with users, to machine learning algorithms that discover untapped patterns and relationships in big data, the potential for these technologies is great but most firms don't have a roadmap for building their first cognitive computing solution. This webinar will help participants discover:
- What is cognitive computing(CC), and what can it do for my business?
- Which of my current applications would benefit from CC technologies?
- What new applications could we develop to disrupt our industry using CC?
- How do we know which CC vendors, products and services are really ready for prime-time?
- What are our competitors doing about it?
- How do we get started?
Artificial Intelligence Machine Learning Deep Learning Ppt Powerpoint Present...SlideTeam
Choose our Artificial Intelligence Machine Learning Deep Learning PPT PowerPoint Presentation Slide Templates to understand this popular branch of computer science. Acquaint your audience with the process of building smart, capable machines that can perform intelligent tasks with the help of this neural network PPT presentation. Exhibit the difference between AI, machine learning, and deep learning through this informative robotics PPT design. Elaborate on the wide range of areas that can benefit from artificial intelligence like supply chain, customer experience, human resources, fraud detection, research, and development by taking the aid of this computer science PPT slideshow. Highlight the booming rate of AI business and its future revenue forecast by downloading this thought-provoking and indulging information technology PowerPoint graphics. Save your time and efforts with these pre-ready and professionally crafted content-specific slides. It will educate your audience about this complex process in an easy yet efficient way. Download this AI functioning PowerPoint deck to create a roadmap for the growth and expansion of your business. https://bit.ly/3x135nD
What is Artificial Intelligence?
Where is the value potential of AI?
Major Acquisitions in AI
AI business cases
AI (& BI) Ecosystem
AI challenges
Networking/expertise
Conclusion
Smart machines IBM’s watson and the era of cognitive computingWirehead Technology
We are at the dawn of a major shift in the evolution of technology. The next two decades will transform the way people live and work just as the computing revolution has transformed the human landscape over the past half century. The host of opportunities and challenges that come with this new era will require a new generation of technologies and a rewriting of the rules of computing.
Artificial intelligence in practice- part-1GMR Group
Summary is made in 5 parts-
This is Part -1
Cyber-solutions to real-world business problems Artificial Intelligence in Practice is a fascinating look into how companies use AI and machine learning to solve problems. Presenting 50 case studies of actual situations, this book demonstrates practical applications to issues faced by businesses around the globe.
• The rapidly evolving field of artificial intelligence has expanded beyond research labs and computer science departments and made its way into the mainstream business environment.
• Artificial intelligence and machine learning are cited as the most important modern business trends to drive success.
• It is used in areas ranging from banking and finance to social media and marketing.
• This technology continues to provide innovative solutions to businesses of all sizes, sectors and industries.
• This engaging and topical book explores a wide range of cases illustrating how businesses use AI to boost performance, drive efficiency, analyse market preferences and many others.
• This detailed examination provides an overview of each company, describes the specific problem and explains how AI facilitates resolution.
• Each case study provides a comprehensive overview, including some technical details as well as key learning summaries:
o Understand how specific business problems are addressed by innovative machine learning methods Explore how current artificial intelligence applications improve performance and increase efficiency in various situations
o Expand your knowledge of recent AI advancements in technology
o Gain insight on the future of AI and its increasing role in business and industry
o Artificial Intelligence in Practice: How 50 Successful Companies Used Artificial Intelligence to Solve Problems is an insightful and informative exploration of the trans-formative power of technology in 21st century commerce
Will artificial intelligence replace programmersMaciej Dziergwa
Artificial intelligence can compose songs, paint pictures, help in cancer therapy, drive cars and play games. It’s also starting to write code.
Does it mean that the days of human programmers are already numbered? Will software engineering be automated?
Deep Learning Explained: The future of Artificial Intelligence and Smart Netw...Melanie Swan
This talk provides an overview of an important emerging artificial intelligence technology, deep learning neural networks. Deep learning is a branch of computer science focused on machine learning algorithms that model and make predictions about data. A key distinction is that deep learning is not merely a software program, but a new class of information technology that is changing the concept of the modern technology project by replacing hard-coded software with a capacity to learn and execute tasks. In the future, deep learning smart networks might comprise a global computational infrastructure tackling real-time data science problems such as global health monitoring, energy storage and transmission, and financial risk assessment.
AI and the Professions: Past, Present and FutureWarren E. Agin
A presentation to the National Conference of Lawyers and CPA’s - December 11, 2017. Describes the history of AI, explains why the legal and accounting professions are at a turning point, and predicts changes in the professions from AI adoption.
Analytic Law, LLC helps law firms and departments discover how to solve legal problems using analytic techniques, including data analytics, prediction systems, machine learning, game theory and behavioral economics.
Applied Artificial Intelligence: How Machine Learning Transforms How We Live ...Adelyn Zhou
This is a preview of the full book on Applied Artificial Intelligence. For details and more content, visit www.topbots.com/appliedai.
“Artificial intelligence” is the buzz word of the day. You’ve no doubt read your fair share of media hype either proclaiming doom and gloom where robots seize our jobs or prophesying a new utopia where AI cures all our human problems.
The reality is somewhere in between. Unless you work in the field, you may be wondering how AI is used, or even what “AI” really is. Using concrete examples and engaging storytelling, our book Applied Artificial Intelligence helps you understand how these powerful emerging technologies can be used in your own life and work.
From movie recommendations on Netflix, to partner suggestions on dating apps, AI and machine learning already impact your daily life. Even the routes you choose to commute to work and which friends’ posts you see on Facebook or Twitter are heavily governed by sophisticated algorithms. But machine intelligence isn’t just for consumers. In industries ranging from energy and manufacturing, to gaming and retail, to marketing and healthcare, the leading companies in the world are leveraging AI for a competitive edge.
This is a preview of the full book to come. Follow for more details at www.topbots.com/appliedai.
A quick guide to artificial intelligence working - TechaheadJatin Sapra
It is already on its way to achieving so as it has empowered the mobile app development agencies to build what was once assumed impossible. Despite this, much of this field remains undiscovered.
When computers mimic the capabilities of the human brain, that is artificial
intelligence (AI). From the outside, AI looks like computers that have independent
thoughts. Have no fear, however. The gears of their machine “brains” may be turning,
but, for right now, they’re not really thinking—at least not the way that human beings
think.
AI EXPLAINED Non-Technical Guide for PolicymakersBranka Panic
This guide is meant to help policymakers and citizens understand the basics of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and how it affects our society. It offers explanations and additional resources to help policymakers prepare for the current
and future AI developments.
SmartData Webinar: Commercial Cognitive Computing -- How to choose and build ...DATAVERSITY
In the next five years, consumers and businesses will begin to demand more intelligence from the applications they use as they are exposed to smarter, more personalized systems in a variety of industries. Ranging from natural language tools to interact more naturally with users, to machine learning algorithms that discover untapped patterns and relationships in big data, the potential for these technologies is great but most firms don't have a roadmap for building their first cognitive computing solution. This webinar will help participants discover:
- What is cognitive computing(CC), and what can it do for my business?
- Which of my current applications would benefit from CC technologies?
- What new applications could we develop to disrupt our industry using CC?
- How do we know which CC vendors, products and services are really ready for prime-time?
- What are our competitors doing about it?
- How do we get started?
Artificial Intelligence Machine Learning Deep Learning Ppt Powerpoint Present...SlideTeam
Choose our Artificial Intelligence Machine Learning Deep Learning PPT PowerPoint Presentation Slide Templates to understand this popular branch of computer science. Acquaint your audience with the process of building smart, capable machines that can perform intelligent tasks with the help of this neural network PPT presentation. Exhibit the difference between AI, machine learning, and deep learning through this informative robotics PPT design. Elaborate on the wide range of areas that can benefit from artificial intelligence like supply chain, customer experience, human resources, fraud detection, research, and development by taking the aid of this computer science PPT slideshow. Highlight the booming rate of AI business and its future revenue forecast by downloading this thought-provoking and indulging information technology PowerPoint graphics. Save your time and efforts with these pre-ready and professionally crafted content-specific slides. It will educate your audience about this complex process in an easy yet efficient way. Download this AI functioning PowerPoint deck to create a roadmap for the growth and expansion of your business. https://bit.ly/3x135nD
What is Artificial Intelligence?
Where is the value potential of AI?
Major Acquisitions in AI
AI business cases
AI (& BI) Ecosystem
AI challenges
Networking/expertise
Conclusion
Smart machines IBM’s watson and the era of cognitive computingWirehead Technology
We are at the dawn of a major shift in the evolution of technology. The next two decades will transform the way people live and work just as the computing revolution has transformed the human landscape over the past half century. The host of opportunities and challenges that come with this new era will require a new generation of technologies and a rewriting of the rules of computing.
Computing, cognition and the future of knowing,. by IBMVirginia Fernandez
How humans and machines are forging a new age of understanding.
-The history of computing and the rise of cognitive
-The world’s first cognitive system.
-The technical path forward and the science of what’s possible
-Implications and obligations for the advance of cognitive science.
-Paving the way for the next generation of human cognition.
Learning to trust artificial intelligence systems accountability, compliance ...Diego Alberto Tamayo
It’s not surprising that the
public’s imagination has
been ignited by Artificial
Intelligence since the term
was first coined in 1955.
In the ensuing 60 years,
we have been alternately
captivated by its promise,
wary of its potential for
abuse and frustrated by
its slow development.
Please download the presentation, instead of viewing online, in order to see the videos and animations.
Watson brings a new era of computing to our lives. Cognitive computing changes the way a computer interacts with the world, and how it reacts to it. Besides excelling in answering questions in Jeopardy!, see how IBM is putting Watson to work in finance, medicine, services, and why you may be talking to Watson very soon, and not even notice it!
Unit I and II Machine Learning MCA CREC.pptxtrishipaul
Machine Learning topics presentation covering the topics:
Unit I – Introduction: Towards Intelligent Machines, Well posed Problems, Example of Applications in diverse fields, Data Representation, Domain Knowledge for Productive use of Machine Learning, Diversity of Data: Structured / Unstructured, Forms of Learning, Machine Learning and Data Mining, Basic Linear Algebra in Machine Learning Techniques.
Unit II – Supervised Learning – Rationale and Basics: Learning from Observations: Why Learning Works, Bias and Variance: Computations Learning Theory, Occam’s Razor Principle and Overfitting Avoidance, Heuristic Search in Inductive Learning, Estimating Generalization Errors, Metrics for Assessing Regression, Metrics for Assessing Classification.
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to a constellation of technologies, including machine learning, perception, reasoning, and natural language processing. While the field has been pursuing principles and applications for over 65 years, recent advances, uses, and attendant public excitement have returned it to the spotlight. The impact of early AI 1 systems is already being felt, bringing with it challenges and opportunities, and laying the foundation on which future advances in AI will be integrated into social and economic domains. The potential wide-ranging impact make it necessary to look carefully at the ways in which these technologies are being applied now, whom they’re benefiting, and how they’re structuring our social, economic, and interpersonal lives.
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Search and Society: Reimagining Information Access for Radical FuturesBhaskar Mitra
The field of Information retrieval (IR) is currently undergoing a transformative shift, at least partly due to the emerging applications of generative AI to information access. In this talk, we will deliberate on the sociotechnical implications of generative AI for information access. We will argue that there is both a critical necessity and an exciting opportunity for the IR community to re-center our research agendas on societal needs while dismantling the artificial separation between the work on fairness, accountability, transparency, and ethics in IR and the rest of IR research. Instead of adopting a reactionary strategy of trying to mitigate potential social harms from emerging technologies, the community should aim to proactively set the research agenda for the kinds of systems we should build inspired by diverse explicitly stated sociotechnical imaginaries. The sociotechnical imaginaries that underpin the design and development of information access technologies needs to be explicitly articulated, and we need to develop theories of change in context of these diverse perspectives. Our guiding future imaginaries must be informed by other academic fields, such as democratic theory and critical theory, and should be co-developed with social science scholars, legal scholars, civil rights and social justice activists, and artists, among others.
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)Ralf Eggert
In this presentation, we examine the challenges and limitations of relying too heavily on PHP frameworks in web development. We discuss the history of PHP and its frameworks to understand how this dependence has evolved. The focus will be on providing concrete tips and strategies to reduce reliance on these frameworks, based on real-world examples and practical considerations. The goal is to equip developers with the skills and knowledge to create more flexible and future-proof web applications. We'll explore the importance of maintaining autonomy in a rapidly changing tech landscape and how to make informed decisions in PHP development.
This talk is aimed at encouraging a more independent approach to using PHP frameworks, moving towards a more flexible and future-proof approach to PHP development.
Slack (or Teams) Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Soluti...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on the notifications, alerts, and approval requests using Slack for Bonterra Impact Management. The solutions covered in this webinar can also be deployed for Microsoft Teams.
Interested in deploying notification automations for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
"Impact of front-end architecture on development cost", Viktor TurskyiFwdays
I have heard many times that architecture is not important for the front-end. Also, many times I have seen how developers implement features on the front-end just following the standard rules for a framework and think that this is enough to successfully launch the project, and then the project fails. How to prevent this and what approach to choose? I have launched dozens of complex projects and during the talk we will analyze which approaches have worked for me and which have not.
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
De-mystifying Zero to One: Design Informed Techniques for Greenfield Innovati...
Cognitive Computing : IBM Watson
1. Cognitive Computing
Introduction to IBM’s Watson
Rajkiya Engineering College, Azamgarh
Guided by:
Mr. Abhinandan Tripathi
HOD: Dept. of Information Technology
&
Mr. Shailendra Kumar Sonkar
Faculty: Dept. of Information Technology
Submitted by:
Amit Ranjan
Roll No.: 1473613005
Bachelor of Technology
Branch: Information Technology
3rd Year
2. 2
1. Introduction to Cognitive Computing
2. Evolution of Cognitive Computing
3. Introduction to IBM’s Watson
4. How does Watson Works
5. How Watson learns
6. Present Aspects
7. Future Possibilities
8. References
Contents
3. 1. Introduction to Cognitive Computing
3
1. Observe : We observe visible phenomena and bodies of evidence
2. Interpret: What we know on what we are seeing to generate hypothesis about what it means
3. Evaluate: Which hypothesis is right or wrong
4. Decide: Choosing the option that seems best and act accordingly
Human Cognitive abilities:
Observe Interpret Evaluate Decide
Fig. 1.1: Human Cognitive abilities
4. 1. Introduction to Cognitive Computing
4
• Cognitive computing refers to systems that learn at scale, reason with purpose and interact with humans naturally
• Rather than being explicitly programmed, they learn and reason from their interactions with us and from their
experiences with their environment
Pic. 1.1: IBM’s Cognitive Mind
(logo)
5. 2. Evolution of Cognitive Computing
5
▸Cognitive Systems are made possible by advances in a number of scientific fields over the past half-century, and are
different in important ways from the information systems that preceded them
1.The Tabulating Era (1900s — 1940s):
The birth of computing consisted of single-purpose mechanical systems that
counted, using punched cards to input and store data, and to eventually instruct
the machine what to do
Pic.2.1 The Tabulating Era
(1900s — 1940s)
6. 2. Evolution of Cognitive Computing
6
The Programming Era (1950s — present):
The shift from mechanical tabulators to electronic systems began during World War II, driven by military and scientific needs
Originally built around vacuum tubes, they were given a huge boost by the
invention of the transistor and the microprocessor
Everything we now know as a computing device
— from the mainframe to the personal computer, to the smartphone and
tablet — is a programmable computer
Pic. 2.2:The Programming Era
(1950s — present)
7. 2. Evolution of Cognitive Computing
7
1. The Cognitive Era (2011 — ):
The true potential of the Cognitive Era will be realized by combining the data analytics and
statistical reasoning of machines with uniquely human qualities, such as self-directed goals,
common sense and ethical values
Pic. 2.3:The Cognitive Era
(2011 — )
8. 8
3. Watson
Pic. 3.1: Watson
In February 2011, the world was introduced to Watson
Watson’s ability to answer subtle, complex, pun-laden questions made clear that a new era
of computing was at hand
9. 3. Watson
9
IBM’s cognitive computing system Watson defeated Ken Jennings and Brad Rutter at Jeopardy!
Watson’s chess-playing predecessor, Deep Blue, defeated World Chess Champion Garry Kasparov in 1997
Pic.3.2: Watson playing jeopardy Pic. 3.3: Garry Kasparov with
deep blue
11. 4. How does Watson Works
11
Understands
unstructured data
(80% of available
data )
• This includes
everything
from
literature,
articles,
research
reports, blogs,
posts and
tweets
Relies on Natural
language; which is
govern by rules of
grammar, context
and culture
• Breaks down a
sentence
syntactically,
relationally and
structurally
Discerning
meaning from the
semantics of the
written material
• Tries to possibly
extract logically
responses and
draw inferences
to potential
answers through
a broader way
of linguistic
models and
algorithms
Fig. 4.1: Process Chart showing working of Watson
12. 5. How Watson learns
When Watson goes to works in a particular field it learns the language, the jargon and the motive thought of that
domain
Ex: Cancer
12
Cancer
Hodgkin Dis
Adrenal Cancer
Breast Cancer
Osteosarcoma
Lymphoma
Ovarian Cancer
Neuroblastoma
Leukemia
Skin Cancer
Fig. 5.1: Different types of Cancer
13. 13
Each type may have different Symptoms and treatments
However, Those symptoms can also be associated to diseases other
than cancer
Treatment can have side effects and effect people differently depending
on many factors
Watson evaluates standards of care practices and thousands of pages of
literature that capture the best science in the field
Identifies the therapies that offer the best choices for the doctor to
consider in the treatment of the patient
Fig. 5.2: Watson’s approach for treatment
14. 14
1.Corpus Collection:
With the guidance of human experts Watson collects the knowledge in order to have literacy in a particular domain---
called a corpus of knowledge
Corpus of Knowledge
Collection of corpus starts with loading the relevant body of literature into Watson
2.Curating the Content:
Building the Corpus also requires also requires some human intervention to go through the information and discard anything
that is out of date, poorly recorded or immaterial to the problem domain
15. 15
3.Ingestion:
Next, data is preprocessed by Watson building indices, and other metadata that make working with that
content more efficient
At this time Watson may also create a knowledge graph to assist in answering more precisely
4. Machine Learning:
Now Watson has ingested the corpus, It needs to be trained by human experts to interpret the information
To learn the best possible responses and acquire the ability to find patterns partners with experts to train it
in using a approach called machine learning
An expert will upload the machine data in the form of Question/Answer pairs that serve as ground truth
This does not give explicit answers for every question it will receive but rather teaches it the linguistic
patterns of meaning in the domain
Once Watson trained on Q/A pattern it continues to learn through ongoing interactions
Interactions between users and Watson are periodically reviewed by experts and fed back into the system
Watson is ready to now ready to respond to questions about highly complex situation and quickly provide
a range of potential recommendation that are backed by evidence
16. 16
Banks are analyzing customer requests and financial data to surface insights to help them make investment recommendations
Companies in heavily regulated industries are querying the system to keep up with ever-changing legislation and standards of
compliance
oncologists are testing ways in which cognitive systems can help interpret cancer patients’ clinical information and identify
individualized, evidence- based treatment options that leverage specialists’ experience and research
Watson products and APIs can understand all forms of data to reveal business-critical insights, and bring the power of cognitive
computing to every organization
With Watson APIs and solutions, businesses are already achieving outcomes – from improving customer engagement, to
scaling expertise, to driving innovation and growth
6. Present Aspects
17. 17
7.Future Possibilities
Cognitive systems, in contrast, combine five core capabilities:
1. They create deeper human engagement
2. They scale and elevate expertise
3. They infuse products and services
with cognition
4. They enable cognitive processes
and operations
5. They enhance exploration and discovery
Schaeffler and IBM Sign Watson IoT Partnership for New Industrial Era
18. “Technology creates possibilities and potential, but ultimately, the future we get will depend on the choices we
make. Technology is not destiny.
We shape our destiny
— Erik Brynjolfsson, MIT
18
19. 8. References
[1]Kelly, John E. and Steve Hamm. Smart Machines: IBM’s Watson and the Era of Cognitive Computing.
New York. Columbia University Press, 2014
[2] Dr. John E. Kelly III Senior Vice President, IBM Research and Solutions Portfolio. Computing, cognition and
the future of knowing: How humans and machines are forging a new age of understanding
[3] Watson, Thomas Jr. IBM Archives[Online]
https://www03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/watsonjr/watsonjr_quoted.html
[4] IBM Watson: How it Works[online] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Xcmh1LQB9I&t=11s
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