The document discusses IBM's vision and technical directions for cognitive systems. It provides a brief history of artificial intelligence and describes IBM's Cognitive Systems Institute, which aims to augment and scale human expertise through cognitive assistants and platforms. The institute partners with universities on research, courses, and recruiting to help advance the new era of cognitive and neuromorphic computing.

1. Cognitive Systems:
Vision & Technical Directions
September 12, 2014
For more information
Contact: spohrer@us.ibm.com
Website: http://www.cognitive-science.info
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2. Brief History
of AI
1956 – Dartmouth Conference
1956 – 1981 Micro-Worlds
1981 – Japanese 5th Generation
1988 – Expert Systems Peak
1990 – AI Winter
1997 – IBM Deep Blue
1997 – 2011 Real-World
2011 – Jeopardy! & SIRI
2013 – Cognitive Systems Institute
2014 – Watson Business
2015 – “Cognition as a Service”
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3. Vision: Augment & Scale Expertise
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4. Cognitive Assistants - Occupations
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5. Biochemist/Biochemical Engineer
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6. Occupations = Many Tasks
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7. Watson Discovery Advisor
Simonite, T. 2014. Software Mines Science Papers to Make New Discoveries. MIT. November 25, 2014.
URL: http://m.technologyreview.com/news/520461/software-mines-science-papers-to-make-new-discoveries/
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8. User Models
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9. Cognitive Computing Course
• Watson Intro
• Ingest Corpora
• Machine Learning
• Mobile Application
• Business Plan
• Lead: Pam Induni
– 10 in 2014
– More in 2015
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10. Cognitive Systems Institute
• Vision: Augment and scale human
expertise
– Website (virtual institution)
– LinkedIn Group
• Platforms: Cognition as a Service
– BlueMix & SoftLayer & CCAMSS
– DEEPQA Semantic Technologies
– Watson Developer Cloud
– Watson Platform Next (IBM Research)
– Corelet Programming & TrueNorth
• Researchers in Residence
– Grand Challenges
– Co-Create Grant Proposals
– Publications, Guest Lectures
– Recruiting Interns, Co-ops, etc.
– Conferences & Cognitive Colloquia Cognition as a Service
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11. Conferences
• AAAI
• CogSci
• HICSS
• AHFE HSSE
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12. So what should universities
be asking themselves?
• Will your researchers, faculty, students be
benefitting from cognition as a service?
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13. IBM Vision: A New Era of Computing
• Cognitive systems allow us to do more and dream
bigger, boosting both creativity and producitivity
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14. Watson Business Unit
• $1B Investment: Far beyond Jeopardy!
Solutions
Customer Engagement
Healthcare
Finance
Accelerated Research
Watson Foundations
Big Data and Analytics
Ecosystem Program
Business Partners
Developers
Researchers
14 Cognitive Systems
Services
Watson Discovery Advisor
Watson Explorer
Watson Analytics
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15. Academic Programs
• On ramp…
2014
Readiness
- Cognitive Computing Course
- Case Competitions
- Great Mind Challenges
- Other collaborations
Recruiting
Research
- Cognitive Systems Institute
2015 – Scale Globally
•Expand functionality,
algorithms, experience
•Collaborative Research
•Publish papers
•Develop courses
•Develop applications
•Program in Corelets
•Establish SIGs
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16. New Era of Computing:
Cognitive Technologies & Componentry
 Natural Language
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– Reasoning, Logic & Planning
– Symbolic Processing
– Natural Language Processing
– Ranking of Hypotheses
– Knowledge Representations
– Domain-Specific Ontologies
– Information Storage/Retrieval
– Machine Learning, Reasoning
– Von Neumann Componentry
– OpenPOWER Systems
 Pattern Recognition
– Recognition, Sensing & Acting
– Pattern Processing
– Image & Speech Processing
– Ranking of Hypotheses
– Pattern Representations
– Domain-Specific Neural Nets
– Information Storage/Retrieval
– Machine Learning, Perception
– Neuromorphic Componentry
– TrueNorth & Corelets Systems
AI for IA:
Intelligence
Augmentation
Cognitive Systems
(“Cogs”) that boost
learning,
discovery,
engagement,
transformation, and
long-range planning.
Cognition as a Service
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17. Watson Platform on BlueMix
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18. Cognitive Systems Institute
Engage with Universities on
Research, including Watson
Platform Next (“WatsNext?”)
Build a pipeline of university
skills by working with Faculty
on courses and curricula
Actively recruit best students
with skills that align to our
business needs
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© 2014 IBM Corporation

19. Remember: This is very hard!
Cartoon courtesy of Jean Paul Jacob, IBM Research Emeritus & IBMer on Campus, UC Berkeley
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20. IBM-NUS Cognitive Workshop
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