Codes & Conventions
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This document discusses various codes and conventions used in documentaries. It identifies common techniques like interviews, background footage, statistics, sound editing, and shot framing. It then examines different modes of documentaries such as expository, reflective, participatory, observational, and performative. Specific documentary styles like direct cinema, institutional, docusoaps, and public affairs are also reviewed. The document provides details on conducting interviews, using vox pops, incorporating background footage and statistics, the role of sound and editing, and how shot framing and camera angles are employed.
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This document discusses various aspects of filmmaking including job roles, purposes of film openings, genre conventions, theorists, the importance of genre, and target audiences. It identifies common job roles like director, producer, and editor. It explains that identifying the purpose of a film opening can help adhere to or subvert conventions. It lists some thriller conventions and influential theorists. It emphasizes that genres have codes and conventions that set audience expectations and are important to avoid confusion. It also provides details on a target audience for one genre.
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Supersize me essay
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Media evaluation
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Ellie Hanif Evaluation Question 1
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Evl doc 1
The document outlines the tasks that a group was briefed on, which included making an opening for a documentary on bullying, a 30-45 second radio trailer, and a double page spread. It then discusses how the group analyzed various professional documentaries to understand conventions. The rest of the document provides examples of techniques used in documentaries like interviews, reconstructions, establishing shots, and special effects that the group implemented in their own documentary and other pieces.
Evaluation
The student used various media technologies throughout all stages of the project. Blogger was used for planning filming schedules, editing timelines, and drafting scripts. YouTube provided inspiration for documentary conventions. Research was conducted online using websites like the BBC and The Guardian. Final Cut Express was the primary editing software used to construct the documentary and radio trailer. Adobe InDesign and Photoshop aided in designing the magazine article layout. PowerPoint and Word supported writing scripts and organizing the evaluation. Overall, a wide range of digital tools were leveraged at each step to bring the project to completion.
Q2
The magazine article, radio trailer, and documentary were designed for the same target audience of 15-25 year olds. The magazine article uses formal language and screenshots from the documentary. The radio trailer was broadcast on Capital FM, which has over 2 million UK listeners including 15-24 year olds. It features the documentary narrator and clips to connect the trailer to the documentary. The trailer and documentary also use original but similarly styled music to connect them under one brand identity.
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Evaluation question 5
The document discusses how the media product challenges conventions of real media. It describes creating a 5-minute TV documentary on violent video games and ancillary tasks - a radio trailer and magazine article. It analyzed different documentary styles and drew from "Supersize Me" and "Video Game Invasion". Interviews followed conventions but with a different camera shot. The voiceover was atypical by starting with clips not narration. Facts used faded background footage. The radio trailer had an abstract opening and magazine article summarized the documentary. Conventions were challenged through stylistic choices.
Genre research
This document discusses the key elements and conventions of documentaries. It notes that documentaries focus on factual elements through real footage and interviews to inform audiences. The document outlines different modes of documentaries, including expository, observational, and participatory. It states that the student's documentary will take a participatory approach involving interviews between the filmmaker and subjects. The conventions that will be used include real footage, interviews, and text to anchor and inform the audience.
Evaluation Q1
The document discusses a student's television documentary project on binge drinking among young people.
The student researched documentary conventions by watching many examples. The opening 5 minutes of their documentary uses an expositional style with narrative, voiceover, and facts/statistics to set the tone and guide viewers.
Interviews and sound are used conventionally, with professional lighting and positioning. Some conventions like reconstructions are avoided as unnecessary. Overall the documentary effectively uses many real documentary codes and conventions while challenging a few that do not fit its topic or audience.
Factual programming powerpoint
This document discusses the codes and conventions of factual programming such as documentaries and news reports. It defines codes and conventions as typical signs and events that viewers expect to see, such as a main news presenter or facts and statistics in documentaries. It then outlines five modes of documentary: observational, expository, interactive, reflexive, and performative. For each mode, it provides a brief definition and example like how observational documentaries involve following people with no interviews or narration. The document concludes by listing some common codes and conventions for a news room setting.
Ethans question 1 for uploading
This document discusses how a student media project used and challenged documentary conventions in creating a 5-minute documentary about sandwiches. It conformed to conventions such as using an intriguing opening sequence, interviews with experts, narration to guide the viewer, and cutaways to keep the audience engaged. However, it also challenged conventions by using a song with lyrics rather than an instrumental for the background music. The documentary was created to a professional standard while also experimenting with conventions.
Research documentaires
The document discusses conventions used in three documentaries about social media. The first documentary effectively used an on-screen presenter to make the audience feel involved, and included interviews with professionals in relevant environments. The second documentary set the scene well with archival footage and had a clear voiceover recorded in a proper environment. The third documentary differed by only presenting facts and statistics without footage or interviews, though it similarly used backing music throughout.
Codes and Conventions of Factual Programming
The document discusses the codes and conventions of factual programming and news broadcasts. It outlines 5 types of factual programming - expository, observational, participatory, reflexive, and performative documentaries - and describes their main conventions. It also discusses the roles and skills of news readers, their appearance, and typical elements of a news program like sets and anchors addressing the audience.
Different Modes of Documetaries
The document discusses the codes and conventions of factual programming and news broadcasts. It outlines 5 types of factual programming - expository, observational, participatory, reflexive, and performative documentaries - and describes their conventions such as use of narration, interviews, and involvement of the filmmaker. It also discusses conventions of news broadcasts such as the role of news readers to research, write, and present news stories while addressing the audience and maintaining an emotionally detached demeanor. News readers are expected to have communication skills, work well under pressure, and dress appropriately for their role.
Different styles of documentaries
There are several styles of documentaries discussed in the document. Interactive documentaries allow for non-linear storytelling and include multimedia elements. Expository documentaries feature a narrator who provides context and perspective through voiceovers. Reflective documentaries aim to show the construction of the film and acknowledge the filmmaking process. Observational documentaries follow subjects without interviews to observe events as they unfold. Each style presents information in a different way to viewers.
Supersize me essay
The documentary "Super Size Me" uses common documentary techniques to represent modern American society and influence viewers. It follows director Morgan Spurlock as he eats only McDonald's for a month. Interviews with experts and average citizens, as well as Spurlock's narrative, portray Americans as unhealthy and dominated by fast food marketing. While some scenes show positive changes being made, the overall representation of society is overwhelmingly negative. Editing, music, and cinematography are employed to manipulate audiences into agreeing with the film's perspective.
Ppt0000000
The document discusses the conventions of documentary filmmaking and how they were applied to the student's documentary "Caught on Camera" about CCTV surveillance. It describes using actual footage, interviews, voiceovers, archive footage, images and graphics in the documentary. It also discusses the ancillary texts created to accompany the documentary, including a magazine review and radio advertisement. Audience feedback on the documentary is discussed, and areas identified for potential improvement. A variety of media technologies were used in creating the documentary and ancillary materials, including iMovie, GarageBand, Microsoft Word, and Fireworks.
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The document describes the conventions of documentary filmmaking that were used in the student's documentary "Caught on Camera" about CCTV surveillance in Britain. It discusses the use of actual footage, interviews, voiceovers, archive footage, images and graphics. It also describes the ancillary texts created to accompany the documentary, including a magazine review and radio advertisement. Audience feedback on the documentary is discussed, and areas identified for potential improvement. A variety of media technologies were used at different stages of creating the documentary and ancillary materials, including iMovie, GarageBand, digital camcorders, and a USB microphone.
Media evaluation
The document discusses the conventions of short films, docudramas, and alcohol awareness media that the student's media project did and did not follow. It addresses conventions around timing, establishing characters, titles/opening sequences, use of interviews/reenactments, voiceovers, and subject matter. While some conventions were followed, such as using reenactments and focusing on health effects of alcoholism, the project broke conventions by focusing more on family and recovery than typical depressing stories, and showing the perspectives of the mother and sister rather than children.
Media evaluation
The document discusses the conventions of short films, docudramas, and alcohol awareness media that the student's media project did and did not follow. It addresses conventions around timing, establishing characters, titles/opening sequences, use of interviews/reenactments, voiceovers, and subject matter. While some conventions were followed, such as using reenactments and focusing on health effects of alcoholism, the project broke conventions by focusing more on family and recovery than typical depressing stories, and showing the perspectives of the mother and sister rather than children.
Ellie Hanif Evaluation Question 1
The document analyzes the media product's use of documentary conventions. It discusses how the product studied documentaries like "Supersize Me" to understand conventions around camera shots, sound, interviews, facts and statistics. It aimed to use conventions like these while also developing some, such as opening with a montage and using clips from shows. Some conventions were purposefully not used, such as reconstructions, as they did not fit the topic. Overall the document evaluates how the media product successfully utilized many documentary conventions to create an engaging and informative piece.
Documentaries
Documentaries have the purpose of documenting and educating about real life situations and events based on facts. The history of documentaries began in the late 19th century with short factual films and the first feature-length documentary in 1922. Documentaries evolved through direct cinema approaches in the 1950s-1960s and utilize various techniques like interviews, narration, and observation to both inform and engage audiences.
Week 1 documentary
The document discusses various techniques used in documentary films to present real events and their impact on spectators. It describes common documentary conventions like using natural lighting, interviews, voiceovers, and reconstructions to appear more authentic. However, it notes that these are just conventions and the selection and construction of footage can manipulate viewers just as fiction films do. Viewers must examine how 'real' events are presented and how that might influence their perspective.
Unit 27 task 2 codes and conventions of factual programmes
This document provides information on codes and conventions used in factual television programs. It discusses the different genres of factual programs like news, documentaries, and reality television. It explains that codes are systems of signs that create meaning, and conventions are generally accepted ways of doing things in a genre. Technical, symbolic, and written/audio codes are described. Examples of codes for news include studio news readers and report structure, while codes for documentaries include film, script, music and camera angles. Conventions for both genres are also outlined, such as expectations for on-location broadcasts and graphics in news, and use of interviews, narration and archive footage in documentaries. Different documentary styles like expository, observational, and interactive are also
Conventions of a documentary
Documentaries follow certain conventions when filming interviews and presenting information. Interviews are typically filmed with a steady tripod camera focused on the subject. Interviewees are framed using the rule of thirds composition technique. The interviewer stands off-camera to avoid distraction. Interview titles provide context on the subject. B-roll footage, creative montages, establishing shots, archive media, photographs, and vox pops are used to illustrate topics discussed. A presenter directly addresses the audience to provide narrative and context. Voiceovers are used authoritatively while non-diegetic music accompanies them at a low volume.
Evl doc 1
The document outlines the tasks that a group was briefed on, which included making an opening for a documentary on bullying, a 30-45 second radio trailer, and a double page spread. It then discusses how the group analyzed various professional documentaries to understand conventions. The rest of the document provides examples of techniques used in documentaries like interviews, reconstructions, establishing shots, and special effects that the group implemented in their own documentary and other pieces.
Similar to Codes & Conventions (20)
Unit 27 task 2 codes and conventions of factual programmes
Unit 27 task 2 codes and conventions of factual programmes
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Evaluation
The student used various media technologies throughout all stages of the project. Blogger was used for planning filming schedules, editing timelines, and drafting scripts. YouTube provided inspiration for documentary conventions. Research was conducted online using websites like the BBC and The Guardian. Final Cut Express was the primary editing software used to construct the documentary and radio trailer. Adobe InDesign and Photoshop aided in designing the magazine article layout. PowerPoint and Word supported writing scripts and organizing the evaluation. Overall, a wide range of digital tools were leveraged at each step to bring the project to completion.
Q2
The magazine article, radio trailer, and documentary were designed for the same target audience of 15-25 year olds. The magazine article uses formal language and screenshots from the documentary. The radio trailer was broadcast on Capital FM, which has over 2 million UK listeners including 15-24 year olds. It features the documentary narrator and clips to connect the trailer to the documentary. The trailer and documentary also use original but similarly styled music to connect them under one brand identity.
Q2
The magazine article, radio trailer, and documentary were designed for the same target audience of 15-25 year olds. The magazine article uses formal language and screenshots from the documentary. The radio trailer was broadcast on Capital FM, which has over 2 million UK listeners including its target age range. It features the documentary narrator and clips to connect the trailer to the documentary. The trailer and documentary also use original but similarly styled music. The trailer promotes the documentary and a hashtag for audience engagement on social media.
Audience feedback
The document discusses audience feedback received for a documentary, magazine article, and radio trailer produced by the author. Key findings from the feedback include:
- The music used in the documentary was found to be appropriate by 90% of viewers.
- While 70% of viewers found the picture quality clear, 20% disagreed, surprising the author.
- 100% of viewers found the theme and topic of the documentary to be clear and easy to understand.
- Feedback showed the author successfully linked the three projects together, achieving their goal of continuity across formats.
- Results varied on image quality in the magazine article, an area the author identified needing improvement.
What have you learned from your audience feedback
The document analyzes feedback from questionnaires given to the target audience about a documentary, radio trailer, and double page spread. For the documentary, feedback indicated that the voiceover was clear but sound levels could be improved. Interviews were relevant and professionally conducted, but there were some picture quality issues. The radio trailer received mixed feedback, with some finding it too long and music levels too high. Feedback suggested the double page spread had the right amount of text but could have used better images and layout to look more professional. Overall, the feedback was positive but identified some areas for improvement in sound levels and visual elements.
Evaluation q3
The document discusses feedback received from questionnaires, social media, and focus groups on a television documentary, radio trailer, and magazine double page spread about video games. Questionnaires were given to students and parents during research and after a screening. The documentary was uploaded to Facebook and comments were collected. Finally, focus groups were held to gather feedback on each media piece. The feedback indicated that the target audience should be teenagers rather than parents. It also validated channel and format choices. Areas like sound balancing and bias were noted for possible improvement. Overall, the feedback was largely positive.
Evaluation q3
The document discusses feedback received on a television documentary from questionnaires, social media, and focus groups. Questionnaires were used during the planning stage and after the documentary was finished to get feedback from students and parents on what they wanted to see and their thoughts. The documentary was also uploaded to Facebook to get comments. Finally, a focus group was held with the target audience to film their responses. The feedback indicated that the target audience should be just teenagers rather than parents too. It also helped determine which TV channel would be most suitable. The focus group feedback was generally positive and suggested some minor sound balancing improvements.
Evaluation q3
The document discusses feedback received on a documentary production from questionnaires, social media, and a focus group. Key findings included: (1) the target audience should be teenagers rather than parents; (2) Channel 4 was the most popular suggested broadcast channel; (3) responses indicated the documentary was biased towards one side of the issue as intended. The filmmakers were generally happy with the feedback but noted some areas for improvement like uneven sound levels.
What have you learned from your audience feedback
The document summarizes feedback from questionnaires given to an audience about a documentary, radio trailer, and double page spread. For the documentary, most respondents agreed that the voiceover was clear, interviews were relevant and professionally done, and text was easy to read, but sound levels and picture quality needed improvement. Feedback on the radio trailer was mixed, suggesting it may have been too long. Overall, the feedback will help strengthen future projects.
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The document discusses a media studies coursework project where students were asked to create the opening 5 minutes of a documentary. The student chose to do their documentary on knife crime. They researched documentaries to understand conventions of the genre. Their documentary followed many conventions such as using medium close up shots during interviews and including facts and statistics. It also challenged some conventions by not having an on-screen presenter and using zoom transitions between scenes instead of slides.
Evaluation question 4 media
The student used various media technologies throughout their documentary project. In the research stage, they used computers and Apple Macs to research documentaries and their topic. They analyzed documentaries on YouTube, BBC, and Sky TV. For planning, they used Blogger to share ideas and mobile phones to contact interviewees. Microsoft Word and PowerPoint were used to display ideas. A Canon camera, microphone, and tripod were used to film footage. Final Cut Express was used to edit the documentary, adding text, transitions, filters and speed/color adjustments. The documentary was exported and uploaded to YouTube. Adobe Indesign was used to create a magazine article. A radio trailer was edited in Final Cut Express and exported as an audio file
Question 1
The document discusses how the student's media documentary product uses and develops conventions of real documentaries. It examines several existing documentaries like Supersize Me and Miley: The Movement to identify conventions around shots, interviews, music, statistics, presenters/narrators, and more. The student incorporates many of these real conventions into their own documentary, magazine spread, and radio trailer while also challenging some conventions, like using their own survey statistics rather than online sources. The document analyzes how their multi-media product compares to real examples and ensures continuity across formats.
Evaluation Question 3
The document discusses the results of questionnaires given to gather feedback on a documentary project. It provides the questions asked in the questionnaires and charts showing the results. For most questions, the majority of respondents agreed or strongly agreed that the quality of the documentary and elements like sound, picture, interviews and music were clear, consistent, relevant and professionally done. Some areas for improvement included shaky camera work, a voiceover not being prominent enough, and confusing overlapping clips in the radio trailer. The feedback was mostly positive overall.
A2 media studies coursework evaluation
The document discusses how a student's media product used and developed conventions of documentary and magazine genres.
It summarizes how the student's documentary used techniques like captions from Morgan Spurlock's documentary, and showing subjects in their environments, as seen in Miley Cyrus' documentary. However, it did not include an on-screen presenter, challenging that convention.
The magazine article developed conventions by including images from the documentary, page numbers, a masthead, columns, and supporting images, mirroring conventions seen in researched magazines like Radio Times. Surveys were also conducted to gain specific information for the topic.
Audience feedback
The document discusses the results of audience feedback conducted on a documentary, magazine article, and radio trailer produced by the author. Feedback was gathered through focus groups, questionnaires, and pie charts to analyze responses. For the documentary, most viewers agreed the music was appropriate, but some felt the picture quality was inconsistent. Responses to the interviews and text were largely positive. Feedback on the magazine article showed the content and layout were professional, though image quality could be improved. Most listeners understood the radio trailer, though some elements like music choice and clip selection could be clearer. The author was pleased with much of the feedback but also found areas to strengthen linking and consistency across the projects.
Evaluation question 3 for media
The document provides feedback from audience members on various media pieces produced to educate about knife crime:
- Feedback on a documentary showed that 90% found it informative but could be improved with more statistics and real-life cases. 90% also found it appealing but some thought it too violent. Interviews were the most appealing aspect.
- Feedback on a magazine article showed appealing aspects included colors and images but layout was least appealing. The main image and overall professional look were effective but could be improved.
- Feedback on a radio trailer found the sound and enjoyment level very professional and high (9/10 rating) and 93% wanted to watch the documentary after. Music and commentary choices were also appropriate though some felt music
Evaluation question 1 for media
The document discusses the codes and conventions used in the student's documentary and other related media products. It examines how the documentary emulates conventions from other documentary programs like Panorama in areas like interviews, statistics, sound, editing, and archive footage. It also challenges some conventions, like using a voiceover instead of an on-screen presenter. For the magazine article, it analyzes how conventions from sample articles are followed for elements like the main image and columns but also challenges norms around quotes. The radio trailer also adopts typical conventions for its voiceover and promotion details but challenges norms regarding the voiceover gender and sound clip usage.
Evaluation 4 Hira Raja
The document discusses how various media technologies were used at different stages of creating documentaries, a magazine article, and a radio trailer. Technologies like computers, cameras, microphones, and editing software were used for research, planning, construction, and evaluation. Apple Macs, Google, YouTube, and websites were used to research topics and observe conventions. Canon cameras, tripods, headphones, and microphones were used to record footage and audio. Editing software like Final Cut Express was used to edit videos, add text, transitions, and adjust audio levels. InDesign was used to layout the magazine article. Technologies like slideshare and bloggers were also used to share and evaluate the work.
Evaluation 2 Hira Raja
The document discusses how ancillary texts like a magazine article and radio trailer were created to promote a knife crime documentary. These ancillary materials used elements from the documentary like slogans, interview clips, and quotes to intrigue and persuade the target young adult audience to watch the documentary. Both the magazine article and radio trailer referenced each other and contained visuals and audio from the documentary to effectively generate interest in the documentary.
Evaluation 1- Hira Raja
The document discusses how the media product uses, develops, and challenges conventions of real media forms. It summarizes how the documentary codes were researched from films like "Paranoma" and then both used and challenged in the created documentary. For example, camera shots, lighting, and sound from "Paranoma" were utilized, but transitions, graphics, and music were altered to better suit the topic and audience. The codes and conventions of magazine articles and radio trails were also both adopted and adapted from research.
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Codes & Conventions
- 2. COMMON CODES & CONVENTIONS Modes of documentaries Interviews Background footage Statistics Sound Editing Framing of shots Vox Pop
- 3. MODE OF DOCUMENTARY - NICHOLLS Expository Addresses view directly to advance an argument or recent history. Mainly Polemical (ones opinion). Reflective The documentary frequently reflects on its own artificiality by drawing attention to it. Participatory Film makers appear in their own work, interviewing and expressing views to the camera. This can be polemical. Observational Events observed and recorded objectively with no authorial intrusion. Mainly Objective. Performative A much more personal approach than participatory, individual film makers tell spectators their story. Often Polemical.
- 4. TV DOCUMENTARIES: STYLE AND INFLUENCES Direct Cinema: Institutional Documentary: Docusoaps: Public Affairs Documentary:
- 5. INTERVIEWS There are two types of interviews these are formal and informal. A formal interview is an interview that consists of questions designed to elicit specific facts attitudes and opinions. These interviews are mainly conducted with ‘experts’. Informal interview usually put interviewers and candidates in more relaxed settings such as restaurants or coffee shops.
- 6. VOX POP Vox pop is basically the voice of the people, the presenter would normally ask questions to members of the public so they can record their opinion. This is very useful as it also helps the spectator to trust the documentary because Vox pops (public’s opinion) are not biased
- 7. BACKGROUND/STOCK FOOTAGE It’s a footage that contains stock shots. In documentaries they are used without particular production mind. Most documentaries use this footage in the background so they can place information on top like statistics so the information stands out.
- 8. STATISTICS Statistics are facts, so they do not lie. It can help documentaries convince the spectator to follow their arguments. A good example would be in ‘Super size me’ where the presenter uses stats to portray how unhealthy America is due to fast food’s such as Mc Donalds. This may allow the spectator to take the documentaries preferred reading which is what the producer would want. Not all documentaries use statistics, e.g. ‘Touching the void’ but other documentaries such as ‘super size me’, it can be very significant.
- 9. SOUND The sound in all documentaries must be extremely clear as the information needing to be said must be vivid so the spectator can hear. Similarly to films, documentaries also use non diegetic music within certain scenes. Music is vital as it can help manipulate the spectator into creating certain responses that the producer would want, e.g. emotional response.
- 10. EDITING In most documentaries, the editing is a lot different to Hollywood films, there’s less special effects, editing is less appealing but more realistic as documentaries tend to be realistic and relate to real life incidents. Depending on the documentary the editing can vary, some can be fast quick cuts whereas other documentaries can do long takes which can create certain effects. E.g. quick cuts allow the spectator to be more focused as it tends to be less boring.
- 11. FRAME AND CAMERA SHOTS Framing and Camera shots in documentary type films do vary but one aspect most have in common is the process and setting of interviews. When setting an interview, documentaries take into account a lot of information. This can include the rule of third, lighting, and camera angle. Most documentaries set the interview as a medium close up but may change the angle or shot within the interview so the spectator is not bored.