Report
Share
Recommended
Dispersive ir spectrophotometer
This document discusses the principles, instrumentation, and applications of a dispersive infrared spectrophotometer. It describes how this type of IR spectrometer works by using radiation sources like globars or Nernst glowers, monochromators to separate wavelengths, and detectors like photo detectors or thermal detectors to analyze the absorbed infrared wavelengths. Key applications of dispersive IR spectrophotometers include identifying organic and inorganic compounds by their functional groups and determining molecular structure and orientation. However, it also notes some disadvantages like slower scan speeds and less sensitivity compared to Fourier transform IR spectrometers.
Plasticizer
Introduction
Why do we need plasticizers?
Mechanism of action of plasticizers
Properties of plasticizers
Classification of plasticizers
Selection of plasticizers
Effect of plasticizer on permeability of film.
Effect of plasticizer on mechanical properties of film.
Effect on residual internal stress.
Effect of plasticizers on release rates of drug.
Texture of plasticized films.
Limitations.
Conclusion.
Payalfluorimetryupload
These slides involves theory, principle,instrumentation, factors affecting, applicatons, and limitation of fluorimetry or spectrofluorimetry
Fibers in paper
This document discusses fibers that are used in papermaking. It begins by explaining that the properties of paper are largely determined by the base paper fibers. It then discusses different types of fibers like wood, herbaceous plants, and seed hair fibers. The document focuses on wood fibers and the pulp making process. It describes softwood and hardwood fibers and pulping processes like mechanical, semi-chemical, and chemical pulping. Refining and its effects on fiber properties are also explained. The importance of fiber length, fines, and vessel elements are covered. Finally, priority properties for different paper types are listed.
TALAT Lecture 5301: The Surface Treatment and Coil Coating of Aluminium
This lecture describes the continuous coil coating processes for aluminium in sufficient detail in order to understand the industrial coating technology and its application potential. General background in materials engineering and familiarity with the subject matter covered in TALAT This lectures 5100 and 5200 is assumed.
FTIR
Infrared (IR) spectroscopy involves using IR radiation to analyze chemical bonds and molecular structures. The IR spectrum provides information on the types of chemical bonds and functional groups present in a compound. Most commonly, IR spectroscopy measures the absorption of IR radiation by a sample, though emission and reflection can also be used. The technique is widely applied to analyze organic materials, as well as some inorganic and organometallic compounds.
Principles of mgmt ppt
The document discusses various aspects of the pharmaceutical industry. It describes the different departments in a pharmaceutical company including IT, finance, human resources, supply chain, marketing, and others. It also discusses the manufacturing process which involves obtaining raw materials, testing drugs in laboratory phases, gaining regulatory approval, and packaging medications for distribution. The industry plays an important role in India's economy and healthcare sector.
I R spectroscopy & its application
IR spectroscopy analyzes the vibrational frequencies of bonds in molecules to determine their structure. It works by measuring the absorption of IR radiation by molecular bonds. Different functional groups absorb at characteristic frequencies, producing a molecular "fingerprint". IR spectroscopy is useful for identification of unknown compounds, analyzing purity, and monitoring chemical reactions through changes in bond absorption. It is a nondestructive technique applied in various fields such as pharmaceutical analysis, biomedical research, forensic science, and atmospheric studies.
Recommended
Dispersive ir spectrophotometer
This document discusses the principles, instrumentation, and applications of a dispersive infrared spectrophotometer. It describes how this type of IR spectrometer works by using radiation sources like globars or Nernst glowers, monochromators to separate wavelengths, and detectors like photo detectors or thermal detectors to analyze the absorbed infrared wavelengths. Key applications of dispersive IR spectrophotometers include identifying organic and inorganic compounds by their functional groups and determining molecular structure and orientation. However, it also notes some disadvantages like slower scan speeds and less sensitivity compared to Fourier transform IR spectrometers.
Plasticizer
Introduction
Why do we need plasticizers?
Mechanism of action of plasticizers
Properties of plasticizers
Classification of plasticizers
Selection of plasticizers
Effect of plasticizer on permeability of film.
Effect of plasticizer on mechanical properties of film.
Effect on residual internal stress.
Effect of plasticizers on release rates of drug.
Texture of plasticized films.
Limitations.
Conclusion.
Payalfluorimetryupload
These slides involves theory, principle,instrumentation, factors affecting, applicatons, and limitation of fluorimetry or spectrofluorimetry
Fibers in paper
This document discusses fibers that are used in papermaking. It begins by explaining that the properties of paper are largely determined by the base paper fibers. It then discusses different types of fibers like wood, herbaceous plants, and seed hair fibers. The document focuses on wood fibers and the pulp making process. It describes softwood and hardwood fibers and pulping processes like mechanical, semi-chemical, and chemical pulping. Refining and its effects on fiber properties are also explained. The importance of fiber length, fines, and vessel elements are covered. Finally, priority properties for different paper types are listed.
TALAT Lecture 5301: The Surface Treatment and Coil Coating of Aluminium
This lecture describes the continuous coil coating processes for aluminium in sufficient detail in order to understand the industrial coating technology and its application potential. General background in materials engineering and familiarity with the subject matter covered in TALAT This lectures 5100 and 5200 is assumed.
FTIR
Infrared (IR) spectroscopy involves using IR radiation to analyze chemical bonds and molecular structures. The IR spectrum provides information on the types of chemical bonds and functional groups present in a compound. Most commonly, IR spectroscopy measures the absorption of IR radiation by a sample, though emission and reflection can also be used. The technique is widely applied to analyze organic materials, as well as some inorganic and organometallic compounds.
Principles of mgmt ppt
The document discusses various aspects of the pharmaceutical industry. It describes the different departments in a pharmaceutical company including IT, finance, human resources, supply chain, marketing, and others. It also discusses the manufacturing process which involves obtaining raw materials, testing drugs in laboratory phases, gaining regulatory approval, and packaging medications for distribution. The industry plays an important role in India's economy and healthcare sector.
I R spectroscopy & its application
IR spectroscopy analyzes the vibrational frequencies of bonds in molecules to determine their structure. It works by measuring the absorption of IR radiation by molecular bonds. Different functional groups absorb at characteristic frequencies, producing a molecular "fingerprint". IR spectroscopy is useful for identification of unknown compounds, analyzing purity, and monitoring chemical reactions through changes in bond absorption. It is a nondestructive technique applied in various fields such as pharmaceutical analysis, biomedical research, forensic science, and atmospheric studies.
IR Spectroscopy - Sudheerkumar Kamarapu, M. Pharmacy Lecture pdf
Infrared spectroscopy (IR) measures the bond vibration
frequencies in a molecule and is used to determine the
functional groups.
Quenching of Fluorescence
a substance can absorb any visible light or external radiation and then again emit it. this called fluorescence and the process of reduction in fluorescence intensity is called quenching. this presentation is all about quenching of fluorescence.
Melamine Formaldehyde
Melamine resin or melamine formaldehyde is a hard, thermosetting plastic material made from melamine and formaldehyde by polymerization. The presentation includes the preparation of MF, its properties and applications.
Infrared spectroscopy
This document provides an overview of infrared spectroscopy. It begins with an introduction to the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum and the principle of IR spectroscopy, which is that IR radiation causes excitation of molecules between vibrational energy states. It then discusses molecular vibrations including stretching and bending vibrations. The document also covers instrumentation components like radiation sources, sample cells, and detectors. It concludes with applications of IR spectroscopy such as identification of substances, determination of molecular structure, and analysis of reaction progress.
DERIVATIVE SPECTROSCOPY
Slide share on Derivative UV-Spectrophotometric Analysis of drugs in pharmaceutical formulations – A Critical Review
~ Meher Unissa
Psa's and tapes the mfgr process
The document discusses pressure sensitive adhesives (PSAs) and PSA tapes. It provides information on:
1. The history and development of PSA tapes from the 19th century to present day, including the introduction of medical tapes, industrial tapes, and hot melt adhesives.
2. What a pressure sensitive adhesive is and how it forms bonds through surface contact and slight pressure without needing activation.
3. The properties of pressure sensitive adhesives including adhesion (tack, peel resistance, shear resistance), converting properties (printability, laminating ability), and end use properties (aging resistance, chemical resistance).
4. The main types of adhesive bases - rubber, acrylic,
IR spectroscopy
This document provides an overview of infrared spectroscopy. It discusses the principle that infrared spectroscopy involves absorption of infrared radiation which causes vibrational transitions in molecules. The instrumentation involves an infrared source, sample holder, and detector. Applications include identifying functional groups in organic molecules, determining drug formulations, and analyzing biological samples like urine.
Uv vis-ir spectroscopy
The document describes the components and working of infrared (IR) spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. It discusses various IR sources like the Nernst glower, Globar, and tungsten filament lamp. It also describes optical components like entrance and exit slits, and detectors like thermal detectors and quantum detectors. The key advantages of FTIR spectrometers are provided, including higher resolution and throughput compared to dispersive instruments. Applications of IR and Raman spectroscopy in areas like drug analysis, fiber analysis, and biological analysis are also mentioned.
FTIR spectroscopy
This document provides an overview of Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy. It explains that FT-IR spectroscopy uses an interferometer to measure all infrared frequencies simultaneously, whereas dispersive infrared spectroscopy measures them sequentially. This allows FT-IR to produce spectra much faster. The document also outlines the key components of an FT-IR system, including the Michelson interferometer, beam splitter, fixed and moving mirrors, and how a Fourier transform is used to convert the interferogram signal into an infrared spectrum. Finally, some advantages of FT-IR are noted, such as improved sensitivity and ability to analyze a wide range of sample types.
Tga
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measures the mass of a sample as it is heated or cooled over time. TGA is performed using a thermobalance, which precisely measures mass changes in a sample as the temperature is varied. This allows chemical and physical processes that cause changes in mass to be identified. Common applications of TGA include determining composition of materials, thermal stability, and decomposition kinetics.
Deviations from Beers law
This document discusses various deviations from Beer's Law that can occur when using UV-Vis spectroscopy. There are three main types of deviations: 1) True deviations due to high analyte concentrations that cause interactions between molecules and changes in optical properties. 2) Instrumental deviations caused by factors like use of polychromatic light, improper slit width, stray light, mismatched cells, and scanning speed. 3) Chemical deviations due to shifts in chemical equilibria with changing concentration, like for pH indicators. Nonlinearity can be minimized by optimizing factors like concentration, slit width, and wavelength range used.
Ir spectroscopy
This document provides an introduction to infrared spectroscopy. It discusses the principle, theory, modes of molecular vibrations, instrumentation, factors influencing vibrational frequencies, and applications of infrared spectroscopy. Specifically, it explains that infrared spectroscopy analyzes the absorption of infrared radiation by molecules and the characteristic vibrational frequencies are dependent on the masses of atoms and the strength of bonds in a molecule. It also describes the different types of molecular vibrations that can be observed, including stretching and bending vibrations.
Optical Properties of Paper and Board
This document discusses optical properties in papermaking. It covers topics such as light reflection, scattering, absorption, transmission and how they relate to paper properties like brightness, opacity, color, and gloss. Fiber distribution and porosity are important for optical properties. Brightness is influenced by factors like pulp bleaching level, fillers, coatings, and fluorescent whitening agents. The use of different light sources and measurement methods can lead to variations in measured brightness values.
Plasticizer
Plasticizers are chemicals added to polymers to improve flexibility and processing. They work by spacing out polymer molecules, allowing easier movement. Most plasticizers are organic esters added to PVC to make it flexible. Phthalates are the most widely used type, accounting for over 90% of plasticizers. Common phthalate plasticizers include DOP, DEHP, DINP and DIDP. Selection depends on the required properties and application. Health concerns have led to a search for safer alternatives to phthalates.
theory and principles of ft nmr
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy involves subjecting atomic nuclei to magnetic fields and measuring the electromagnetic radiation absorbed and emitted. Fourier transform NMR provides increased sensitivity by combining multiple free induction decay signals measured in the time domain. A Fourier transform converts these signals to an NMR spectrum in the frequency domain. The Michelson interferometer induces interference of light waves by splitting and recombining beams that traveled different path lengths, allowing observation of interference patterns related to the wavelength of light.
Multi component analysis (uv visible spectroscopy) by mr. pradeep swarnkar)
This document discusses multi-component analysis using UV-Visible spectroscopy. It describes using the absorbance values of multiple components at different wavelengths to determine concentration ratios between the components known as Q values. The Q values can then be used to determine the individual concentrations of each component in a mixture.
Glass transition temperature tg
The glass transition temperature (Tg) refers to the temperature at which an amorphous polymer transitions from a hard, brittle glass to a softer, rubbery state over a narrow temperature range. In partially crystalline polymers, this transition only occurs in the amorphous regions, while the crystalline zones remain unchanged and act as reinforcing elements. Tg is an important mechanical property that causes changes in hardness, volume, modulus, and elongation at break. Melting is a separate transition that occurs at the crystalline melting temperature in which polymer chains fall out of their crystal structures and become liquid.
freeze drying-1.pdf
Freeze drying, also called lyophilization, involves removing water from a frozen product by turning the ice directly into vapor through sublimation. This allows heat-sensitive materials like proteins and antibiotics to be dried without damage.
The freeze drying process involves freezing the product, primary drying where ice sublimates under vacuum, secondary drying to remove bound water, and packaging. It has advantages like preserving heat-sensitive materials and allowing single-dose packaging, but is an expensive and time-consuming process suitable for selected products only. Common freeze dried pharmaceutical products include vaccines, blood products, and injectable drugs.
Developments in clear high barrier packaging
The document discusses developments in clear, high barrier packaging materials. It provides information on various barrier films and coatings, including their thickness, moisture vapor transmission rate, oxygen transmission rate, thermoformability, and whether they can withstand autoclaving or retort processes. Common barrier materials discussed include EVOH, polyvinylidene chloride, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, and aluminum foil. The document serves to educate attendees on the barrier properties and characteristics of materials that can provide clarity and high barrier performance for packaging applications.
UV SPECTROSCOPY [ULTRA-VIOLET SPECTROSCOPY]
THE DIFFERENT TERMS INDICATION THING IS SPECTROSCOPY, SPECTROMETRY, SPECTROPHOTOMETRY FOLLOWED BY LECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM, VISIBLE SPECTROSCOPY.
More Related Content
What's hot
IR Spectroscopy - Sudheerkumar Kamarapu, M. Pharmacy Lecture pdf
Infrared spectroscopy (IR) measures the bond vibration
frequencies in a molecule and is used to determine the
functional groups.
Quenching of Fluorescence
a substance can absorb any visible light or external radiation and then again emit it. this called fluorescence and the process of reduction in fluorescence intensity is called quenching. this presentation is all about quenching of fluorescence.
Melamine Formaldehyde
Melamine resin or melamine formaldehyde is a hard, thermosetting plastic material made from melamine and formaldehyde by polymerization. The presentation includes the preparation of MF, its properties and applications.
Infrared spectroscopy
This document provides an overview of infrared spectroscopy. It begins with an introduction to the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum and the principle of IR spectroscopy, which is that IR radiation causes excitation of molecules between vibrational energy states. It then discusses molecular vibrations including stretching and bending vibrations. The document also covers instrumentation components like radiation sources, sample cells, and detectors. It concludes with applications of IR spectroscopy such as identification of substances, determination of molecular structure, and analysis of reaction progress.
DERIVATIVE SPECTROSCOPY
Slide share on Derivative UV-Spectrophotometric Analysis of drugs in pharmaceutical formulations – A Critical Review
~ Meher Unissa
Psa's and tapes the mfgr process
The document discusses pressure sensitive adhesives (PSAs) and PSA tapes. It provides information on:
1. The history and development of PSA tapes from the 19th century to present day, including the introduction of medical tapes, industrial tapes, and hot melt adhesives.
2. What a pressure sensitive adhesive is and how it forms bonds through surface contact and slight pressure without needing activation.
3. The properties of pressure sensitive adhesives including adhesion (tack, peel resistance, shear resistance), converting properties (printability, laminating ability), and end use properties (aging resistance, chemical resistance).
4. The main types of adhesive bases - rubber, acrylic,
IR spectroscopy
This document provides an overview of infrared spectroscopy. It discusses the principle that infrared spectroscopy involves absorption of infrared radiation which causes vibrational transitions in molecules. The instrumentation involves an infrared source, sample holder, and detector. Applications include identifying functional groups in organic molecules, determining drug formulations, and analyzing biological samples like urine.
Uv vis-ir spectroscopy
The document describes the components and working of infrared (IR) spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. It discusses various IR sources like the Nernst glower, Globar, and tungsten filament lamp. It also describes optical components like entrance and exit slits, and detectors like thermal detectors and quantum detectors. The key advantages of FTIR spectrometers are provided, including higher resolution and throughput compared to dispersive instruments. Applications of IR and Raman spectroscopy in areas like drug analysis, fiber analysis, and biological analysis are also mentioned.
FTIR spectroscopy
This document provides an overview of Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy. It explains that FT-IR spectroscopy uses an interferometer to measure all infrared frequencies simultaneously, whereas dispersive infrared spectroscopy measures them sequentially. This allows FT-IR to produce spectra much faster. The document also outlines the key components of an FT-IR system, including the Michelson interferometer, beam splitter, fixed and moving mirrors, and how a Fourier transform is used to convert the interferogram signal into an infrared spectrum. Finally, some advantages of FT-IR are noted, such as improved sensitivity and ability to analyze a wide range of sample types.
Tga
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measures the mass of a sample as it is heated or cooled over time. TGA is performed using a thermobalance, which precisely measures mass changes in a sample as the temperature is varied. This allows chemical and physical processes that cause changes in mass to be identified. Common applications of TGA include determining composition of materials, thermal stability, and decomposition kinetics.
Deviations from Beers law
This document discusses various deviations from Beer's Law that can occur when using UV-Vis spectroscopy. There are three main types of deviations: 1) True deviations due to high analyte concentrations that cause interactions between molecules and changes in optical properties. 2) Instrumental deviations caused by factors like use of polychromatic light, improper slit width, stray light, mismatched cells, and scanning speed. 3) Chemical deviations due to shifts in chemical equilibria with changing concentration, like for pH indicators. Nonlinearity can be minimized by optimizing factors like concentration, slit width, and wavelength range used.
Ir spectroscopy
This document provides an introduction to infrared spectroscopy. It discusses the principle, theory, modes of molecular vibrations, instrumentation, factors influencing vibrational frequencies, and applications of infrared spectroscopy. Specifically, it explains that infrared spectroscopy analyzes the absorption of infrared radiation by molecules and the characteristic vibrational frequencies are dependent on the masses of atoms and the strength of bonds in a molecule. It also describes the different types of molecular vibrations that can be observed, including stretching and bending vibrations.
Optical Properties of Paper and Board
This document discusses optical properties in papermaking. It covers topics such as light reflection, scattering, absorption, transmission and how they relate to paper properties like brightness, opacity, color, and gloss. Fiber distribution and porosity are important for optical properties. Brightness is influenced by factors like pulp bleaching level, fillers, coatings, and fluorescent whitening agents. The use of different light sources and measurement methods can lead to variations in measured brightness values.
Plasticizer
Plasticizers are chemicals added to polymers to improve flexibility and processing. They work by spacing out polymer molecules, allowing easier movement. Most plasticizers are organic esters added to PVC to make it flexible. Phthalates are the most widely used type, accounting for over 90% of plasticizers. Common phthalate plasticizers include DOP, DEHP, DINP and DIDP. Selection depends on the required properties and application. Health concerns have led to a search for safer alternatives to phthalates.
theory and principles of ft nmr
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy involves subjecting atomic nuclei to magnetic fields and measuring the electromagnetic radiation absorbed and emitted. Fourier transform NMR provides increased sensitivity by combining multiple free induction decay signals measured in the time domain. A Fourier transform converts these signals to an NMR spectrum in the frequency domain. The Michelson interferometer induces interference of light waves by splitting and recombining beams that traveled different path lengths, allowing observation of interference patterns related to the wavelength of light.
Multi component analysis (uv visible spectroscopy) by mr. pradeep swarnkar)
This document discusses multi-component analysis using UV-Visible spectroscopy. It describes using the absorbance values of multiple components at different wavelengths to determine concentration ratios between the components known as Q values. The Q values can then be used to determine the individual concentrations of each component in a mixture.
Glass transition temperature tg
The glass transition temperature (Tg) refers to the temperature at which an amorphous polymer transitions from a hard, brittle glass to a softer, rubbery state over a narrow temperature range. In partially crystalline polymers, this transition only occurs in the amorphous regions, while the crystalline zones remain unchanged and act as reinforcing elements. Tg is an important mechanical property that causes changes in hardness, volume, modulus, and elongation at break. Melting is a separate transition that occurs at the crystalline melting temperature in which polymer chains fall out of their crystal structures and become liquid.
freeze drying-1.pdf
Freeze drying, also called lyophilization, involves removing water from a frozen product by turning the ice directly into vapor through sublimation. This allows heat-sensitive materials like proteins and antibiotics to be dried without damage.
The freeze drying process involves freezing the product, primary drying where ice sublimates under vacuum, secondary drying to remove bound water, and packaging. It has advantages like preserving heat-sensitive materials and allowing single-dose packaging, but is an expensive and time-consuming process suitable for selected products only. Common freeze dried pharmaceutical products include vaccines, blood products, and injectable drugs.
Developments in clear high barrier packaging
The document discusses developments in clear, high barrier packaging materials. It provides information on various barrier films and coatings, including their thickness, moisture vapor transmission rate, oxygen transmission rate, thermoformability, and whether they can withstand autoclaving or retort processes. Common barrier materials discussed include EVOH, polyvinylidene chloride, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, and aluminum foil. The document serves to educate attendees on the barrier properties and characteristics of materials that can provide clarity and high barrier performance for packaging applications.
UV SPECTROSCOPY [ULTRA-VIOLET SPECTROSCOPY]
THE DIFFERENT TERMS INDICATION THING IS SPECTROSCOPY, SPECTROMETRY, SPECTROPHOTOMETRY FOLLOWED BY LECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM, VISIBLE SPECTROSCOPY.
What's hot (20)
IR Spectroscopy - Sudheerkumar Kamarapu, M. Pharmacy Lecture pdf
IR Spectroscopy - Sudheerkumar Kamarapu, M. Pharmacy Lecture pdf
Multi component analysis (uv visible spectroscopy) by mr. pradeep swarnkar)
Multi component analysis (uv visible spectroscopy) by mr. pradeep swarnkar)
그라비아 ,콤마Coating방법
- 1. 콤마 코팅 : 고점도 , 많은은양의 coating 두께를 요구 할때 사용 그라비아 coating : 저점도 , 대량생산에 유리한 coating 방법