- Cloud computing allows users to access software and hardware resources that are managed by third parties and made available over the internet. Mobile cloud computing combines mobile devices and cloud computing, allowing computing tasks and data storage to occur remotely. Cloud radio access networks (C-RAN) centralize base stations and use cloud computing to improve coordination and reduce costs. The document proposes a mobile cloud computing system using C-RAN that employs a split-TCP proxy and centralized wireless network cloud to improve throughput and latency for mobile users. Simulation results demonstrate performance improvements over existing systems.

1. Cloud Computing Meets
Mobile Wireless Communications
GUIDE:
Mr. JEEJO. K. P
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
ECE DEPARTMENT
PRESENTED BY:
SILPA P S

2. OVERVIEW
 Concept of cloud computing.
Concept of mobile cloud computing
Introduction of C-RAN
Cloud computing in mobile wireless communication.

4. End user Application
software
Business
Person Infrastructure
Developer Platform
Client
“A model for enabling on-
demand access to a shared pool
of configurable resources.”

5. Cloud architecture

6. The essential characteristics of cloud
computing includes….
On-demand self service
• The client can determine how much computing capability is
needed from the cloud.
Broadband network access
• Service is offered over a network that the client can access via any
standard type of client (e.g. cell phones, tablets, laptops, etc.)
Resource pooling
• The cloud is able to serve multiple clients by pooling its computing
resources and assigning/reassigning them according to demand.

7. Rapid elasticity
• Cloud services are elastic in that the client can easily increase
or decrease the amount of computing capabilities they pull
from the cloud.
Measured service
• The amount of cloud resources used by a client is measured,
allowing the cloud provider to charge on a pay-per-use basis.

8. Service models……..
Cloud
Computing
Software as a
Service
+
Platform as a
Service
+
Infrastructure
as a Service

9. Deployment models….
• Public cloud
The cloud infrastructure is made available to the general public or a large
industry group and is owned by an organization selling cloud services.
• Private cloud
The cloud infrastructure is operated solely for a single organization. It may
be managed by the organization or a third party, and may exist on-
premises or off-premises.
• Community cloud
The cloud infrastructure is shared by several organizations and supports a
specific community that has shared concerns (e.g., mission, security
requirements, policy, or compliance considerations).
• Hybrid cloud
The cloud infrastructure is a composition of two or more clouds (private,
community, or public).

10. The cloud computing is because of…..
Reduce the complexity of network.
Do not have to buy software licenses.
Customization.
Information at cloud are not easily lost.
Scalability.
Reliability.
Efficiency.

11. In brief……
Cloud computing is using the internet to
access someone else's software running on
someone else's hardware in someone else's
data center.
Lewis Cunningham[2]

12. Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC)
• Data storage and processing happens
outside the mobile world.
• A new platform combining the mobile
devices and cloud computing.
• Cloud performs the heavy lifting of
computing intensive tasks and storing
massive amounts of data.
• According to a recent study by ABI
Research, more than 240 million
business will use cloud services
through mobile devices by 2015.

13. Advantages of MCC:
Extended battery life
Improvement in data storage
capacity and processing power
Improved synchronization of data
due to “store in one place, access
from anywhere” policy
Improved reliability and scalability
Ease of integration

16. Cloud Radio Access Networks (C-RAN)
C-RAN is a centralized,
cloud computing based new
radio access network
architecture that can
support 2G, 3G, 4G system
and future wireless
communication standards.

17. C-RAN…….
• Main disadvantages of existing system:
– Intercell interference
– Increased cost of building and operating cell site
 Advantages of C-RAN:
 Saving the operating expenses due to centralized
maintenance;
 Enabling better load balancing;
 Improving network performance due to advanced coordinated
signal processing techniques;
 Reducing energy expenditure by exploiting the load variations.

18. Mobile Cloud Computing with C-RAN for
Next Generation Cellular Networks
The BSs are connected to the wireless network cloud via backhaul
networks.
 A split-TCP proxy is used to provide better end to end data transfer.
 The split-TCP proxy splits the end-to-end connection between the
mobile user and the backend server into two connections and sustains a
persistent connection between itself and the backend server.

19.  The wireless network cloud conducts dynamic operations on wireless
networks and it include topology configuration and rate allocation.
 Topology configuration controls how the BSs cooperate with each other.
 After clustering, the wireless network cloud needs to decide the data rates
at which the mobile users can transmit.
 The backend servers inside the cloud will be able to provide services to
mobile users.

21. C-RAN with Delayed Channel State Information

22.  The CSI is obtained via the pilot signals received at
BSs.
 After channel estimation, the CSI will be
transmitted over backhaul networks to the wireless
network cloud.
 At wireless network cloud decision taken about the
operation of base stations
 Then user data is transmitted.
 The no: of delay steps ‘d’ is obtained by time
stamping technique.
 The introduced delay is modeled by the Markov
chain channel model.

23. Round Trip Time and Split-TCP Throughput
• The round-trip time (RTT) is the length of time it takes for a
signal to be sent plus the length of time it takes for an
acknowledgment of that signal to be received.

24. • RTT measured by time stamping techniques.
• RTT effects response latency.
• The response latency is the duration b/w the
delivery of a stimulus & the response
• RTT effect the throughput.
• TCP throughput maximization with response
latency formulated as Stochastic problem.
• Taken a decision theoretic approach – a
developed mechanism to address the impact
of noisy and delayed CSI

25. Simulation Results
 Performance of proposed scheme illustrated via
NS2.
NS2 is a discrete event simulator targeted at
networking research
 It support for simulation of TCP, routing, and
multicast protocols over wired and wireless
networks.
Results shows system performance improved for
MCC users.
Throughput and response latency improved.

26. CONCLUSION
 Studied about cloud computing, MCC, C-RAN.
 Investigated topology configuration and rate allocation problem in
C-RAN.
 Proposed a decision-theoretic approach to tackle the imperfect CSI
problem in C-RAN.
 The response latency experienced by each MCC user was modeled
as a constraint.
 Using simulation results, we showed that our proposed scheme can
significantly improve the system performance in terms of
throughput and response latency of MCC users.

27. REFERENCE
1. G. Pallis, “Cloud Computing: The New Frontier of Internet Computing,”
IEEE Internet Computing, vol. 14, no. 5, 2010, pp. 70–73.
2. H. T. Dinh et al., “A Survey of Mobile Cloud Computing: Architecture,
Applications, and Approaches,” Wireless Communications and Mobile
Computing, 2011.
3. S. Bhaumik et al., “CloudIQ: A Framework for Processing Base Stations
in a Data Center,” Proc. ACM Mobicom’12, (Istanbul, Turkey), 2012.
4. China Mobile Research Institute, C-RAN: The Road Towards Green
RAN, Research Report, http://labs.chinamobile.com/, accessed: 2013-07-
18.
5. A. Goldsmith et al., “Beyond Shannon: The Quest for Fundamental
Performance Limits of Wireless Ad Hoc Networks,” IEEE Commun.
Mag., vol. 49, May 2011, pp. 195–205.
6. M. Puterman, Markov Decision Processes: Discrete Stochastic Dynamic
Programming, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1994.

28. Thank you!