A brief slidedeck on Cloud Computing basics. Contains definitions, architecture hints and few India specific slides

1. Cloud Computing 101
Akshay Guleria
Disclaimer: This slide deck is brief aggregation of my study on cloud and is based on
inputs from my past experience with cloud. By no means, this is an extension of my
work with the employer or an attempt to infringe on any copyright material. I have tried
to give the credit to the sources used, wherever possible, through the slidedeck. All
concerns/issues/corrections to the slidedeck can be directed to me – contact
information at the end of the slidedeck.
Feb2013

2. Presentation outline
●What is "cloud"?
●Types of cloud
●SaaS, PaaS, IaaS
●Cloud Technology
●Cloud Providers
●Cloud Solutions
●Cloud adoption in India
●Adoption Issues, Concerns
●Implementing a Cloud
Let us try to de-
mystify it
together

3. So, what is this thing called - "Cloud"?

4. Key "Cloud" Characteristics
Elasticity
dynamic ability to
scale up/down to
multiple servers
Self Service
When you add a new
CPU core, a server
instance or add storage,
you do it by yourself by
using the portal offered
by the Cloud provider.
Pay-By-Use
it reduces the CAPEX
and turns your IT
investment into
OPEX. Economics of
scale.
Programability
control the cloud
resources via
programs/APIs

5. Hosting vs. Cloud Computing

6. Why "Cloud" ?
●Cost saving... economies of scale, multi-tenancy, efficiency
●Flexibility of payment ... pay-as-you-go
●Outsource management/operation headache ... operational
cost is nearly 75% of the total IT cost
●"Infinite" scalability
●Faster time to deploy (agile) ... virtualization and software
enabled
●Reliability ... fault tolerance
●SLA driven
......

7. Types of Clouds
Public cloud: Public Cloud
is implemented on
thousands of servers running
across hundreds of data
centers deployed across tens
of locations around the
world. eg. amazon.com
Private cloud: specific to
an enterprise
Hybrid cloud: Private +
Public Cloud
Community cloud: cloud
catering to a specific
community/interest group.
eg. India Government cloud,
Defence Cloud, Education
cloud

8. Cloud Layers
●Software-as-a-Service (SaaS): Gmail, Gdocs, Salesforce.com, Picasa
●Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS): Google App Engine, Microsoft Azure,
force.com etc.
●Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS): Amazon EC2, Rackspace, GoGrid

9. What does a “Cloud” look like- technically?
* Image courtesy VMware

10. Cloud Technology
Cloud computing typically has flavor of all these
technologies:
●Grid computing ... think network of computers
●Virtualization ... multiple OSes on single server
●Utility Computing ... think electricity bill .. pay per use
●Autonomic Computing ... self healing server(s)
●Live Migration ... transfer of OS+state from one to another
server
●Distributed Resource Scheduling ... load balancing
●Hyper-Threading ... simulates two CPUs were there in just one
physical CPU
●High Availability
●Non Uniform Memory Allocation (NUMA)

11. Virtualization

12. Types of Hypervisors .. key to virtualization
●Full Virtualization where the hypervisor creates a virtual
machine entirely in software.
●Hardware-Assisted Virtualization where the VMs make
more full use of the built-in virtualization capacity built into
modern CPUs
●Paravirtualization where the Operating System is aware
that it is virtualized, and has been re-coded and recompiled
specifically to run on a virtualized platform.
Well known hypervisors:
●VMware ESXi
●Citrix XEN
●Redhat KVM
●Microsoft Hyper-V
●Sun VirtualBox

13. Cloud computing Providers

14. Cloud computing Solutions
Compute as a service
Desktop as a service
Storage as a service
Mailbox as a service
Office as a service
CRM as a service
ERP as a service
Database as a service
Network as a service
Firewall as a service
Antivirus as a service
...
Anything as a service (XaaS)

15. Adoption Issues, Concerns
●Privacy ... is my data exposed to my competitors
●Compliance ... some data can not be out of premises.
●Security ... Cloud VPN solutions are getting developed. DB Encryption for
databases, MS has a hybrid cloud solution
●Interoperability ... moving from one cloud to another. Open
Virtualization Format is a potential answer

16. Cloud adoption in India
●A very large market that is growing exponentially
●Cloud Market is maturing in india
●There are many players and the list is growing
●A big SMB segment which is waiting to be tapped
But...
●Misconception about cloud - its changing rapidly
●Connectivity issues
●Lack of reliable 3G/4G penetration

17. Cloud adoption in India
Major Cloud Players:
●Bharti
●Ctrl-S
●NetMagic
●Reliance
●Sify
●Tata
●Dimension Data
●Trimax
●Tulip
●BSNL

18. References
●http://cloud-standards.org/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page
●http://cloud-standards.org/wiki/index.php?title=Open_Virtualization_Format_(OVF)
●http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing
●http://www.cloud-y.com/index.php/iaas-cloud-infrastructure/29-how-iaas-works-basic-
technical-view
●http://open.eucalyptus.com/
●http://www.opennebula.org/
●IBM cloud initiative: http://www.ibm.com/ibm/cloud/labs/

19. Implementing a “Personal” Cloud

20. Cloud Choices
Open source:
Others:
●vCloud from vmware
●Redhat is coming up with Delta Cloud
●joyent.com

21. openstack.com
References:
●http://docs.openstack.org/bexar/openstack-compute/admin/content/
●http://cssoss.wordpress.com/2011/04/27/openstack-beginners-guide-for-ubuntu-
11-04-installation-and-configuration/
●http://wiki.openstack.org/InstallInstructions
Architectural components:
●Cloud controller
●API Server
●Compute controller
●Object Store (storage service)
●Auth manager
●Volume controller (block level storage)
●Network controller

22. openstack.com
Installation Packages:
●OpenStack Compute (Nova)
●OpenStack Storage (Swift)
●OpenStack Image registry and delivery (Glance)
(http://cssoss.wordpress.com/2011/04/27/openstack-beginners-guide-for-
ubuntu-11-04-installation-and-configuration/)
Server1:
●Install ubuntu
●Configure NetworkGlance (image server)
●MySQL Server
●Nova (rabbitmq-server nova-common nova-doc python-nova nova-api nova-
network nova-volume nova-objectstore nova-scheduler nova-compute)
●Install euca2ool
●Nova Dashboard
●OpenStack Dashboard with Mysql Database (optional)
(all above can be accomplished using ubuntu software manager also)

23. openstack.com
Server2:
●Install Ubuntu
●Configure networking
●Install nova-compute only
Client1:
●install desktop OS
●Network configurations
●Install client tools (euca2tools, qemu-kvm)
Enjoy your cloud @
http://ip:8080

24. openstack.com
Server2:
●Install Ubuntu
●Configure networking
●Install nova-compute only
Client1:
●install desktop OS
●Network configurations
●Install client tools (euca2tools, qemu-kvm)
Enjoy your cloud @
http://ip:8080

25. Openstack Dashboard

26. Thank you for your time
Akshay Guleria
E: akshay.guleria@gmail.com